MORPHYLL: A database of fossil leaves and their morphological traits

Traiser, Christopher; Roth‐Nebelsick, Anita; Grein, Michaela; Kovar-Eder, Johanna; Kunzmann, Lutz; Moraweck, Karolin; Lange, Jörg; Kvaček, Jiřı́; Neinhuis, Christoph; Folie, Annelise; Franceschi, Darío De; Kroh, Andreas; Prestianni, Cyrille; Poschmann, Markus; Wuttke, Michael

doi:10.26879/773

Cited by 12 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Among these latter proxies, fossil leaves are commonly used for the reconstruction of terrestrial paleoclimates, using the relationship with their environment (Bailey & Sinnott 1915, 1916Wolfe 1993Wolfe , 1995Mosbrugger & Utescher 1997;Wilf et al 1998). Plant-based proxies has been successfully used in various regions, such as Central Europe (e. g. Mosbrugger et al 2005;Traiser et al 2005;Uhl et al 2006;Uhl & Herrmann 2010), North America (e.g. Wolfe 1980Wolfe , 1994Wilf 2000;Wing et al 2005), Asia (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climatic evolution in Western Europe during the Cenozoic: insights from historical collections using leaf physiognomy

Tanrattana

Boura

Jacques³

et al. 2020

Geodiversitas

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A major climatic shift, from a glasshouse world to a colder climate with well-developed ice sheets, occurred during the Cenozoic. Such a transition is recorded in both marine and terrestrial records. The latter is more fragmentary and thus comparatively less well known from a climatic point of view. Leaves are abundant fossil remains, which can be used as terrestrial climatic proxies. In this study, several historical collections from France and Belgium were re-investigated. We applied the Climate Leaf Analysis Multivariate Program in order to document the regional past climate from middle Paleocene to middle Miocene in Western Europe. Our analysis suggest relatively cooler conditions during middle Paleocene, followed by a gradual increase of mean annual temperature and precipitation seasonality during late Paleocene; increased temperature seasonality rather than a global cooling at the Eocene-Oligocene transition; an increase of temperature between early and late Oligocene and warm temperate climate in Western Europe similar to other parts of Europe during middle Miocene. These results are broadly consistent with the global trends observed through the Cenozoic era in the marine record. This study provides new quantitative paleoclimatic estimates for various key periods of the Cenozoic era in Western Europe. The consistency of our results with previous studies based on multiples proxies is in favor of the use of historical collections to reconstruct past climates, as long as sufficient sampling is provided. RÉSUMÉ Évolution du climat en Europe occidentale durant le Cénozoïque : apports des collections historiques à travers l'utilisation de la morphologie foliaire. Durant le Cénozoïque, une transition majeure d'un climat chaud et humide vers un climat plus froid avec des calottes glaciaires bien développées, est observée. Cette transition est documentée dans les registres fossiles marin et continental. En raison de la nature plus fragmentaire de ce dernier, les conditions climatiques continentales sont comparativement moins bien connues. Parmi les restes de plantes conservées dans les sédiments, les feuilles sont particulièrement abondantes et peuvent être utilisées comme proxy climatique terrestre. Dans cette étude, plusieurs collections historiques de France et de Belgique ont été réétudiées. La méthode Climate Leaf Analysis Multivariate Program a été appliquée, afin de documenter le climat régional du Paléocène moyen au Miocène moyen en Europe occidentale. Notre analyse suggère des conditions climatiques relativement fraîches pendant le Paléocène moyen, suivies d'une augmentation graduelle de la MAT et de la saisonnalité des précipitations au cours du Paléocène supérieur, une saisonnalité accrue plutôt qu'une baisse de la MAT à la transition Eocène-Oligocène, une augmentation des températures au cours de l'Oligocène et un climat tempéré chaud semblable au reste de l'Europe durant le Miocène moyen. Dans l'ensemble, ces résultats sont cohérents avec les tendances globales observées au cours du Cénozoïque dans le ...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climatic evolution in Western Europe during the Cenozoic: insights from historical collections using leaf physiognomy

Tanrattana

Boura

Jacques³

et al. 2020

Geodiversitas

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“…The ratio of LA_min to LA_VE gives an indication of the relative preservation of the specimen (Preservation Index: PI , ranging between 0 and 1.0; Roth‐Nebelsick et al, 2017). Visual reconstructions with a PI value lower than 0.7 were considered unreliable (Traiser et al, 2015, 2018; Roth‐Nebelsick et al, 2017).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The visual estimation method (VE) was originally made to create a database on Paleogene leaves and for statistical analyses of morphometric leaf traits (database Morphyll; Traiser et al, 2015Traiser et al, , 2018Roth-Nebelsick et al, 2017). This method requires the drawing of two different perimeters on each photo (Fig.…”

Section: Leaf Area Reconstruction By Visual Estimation (Ve)-mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While leaf size data for fossil assemblages is important for reconstruction of paleoenvironmental and/or paleoclimatic conditions, perfect data are scarce. Indeed, because of taphonomic processes and sampling biases, fossil leaves are often not completely preserved (Traiser et al, 2018). To make best use of fossil remains, procedures have been developed to estimate the intact leaf size from fragmentary leaf remains.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…To make best use of fossil remains, procedures have been developed to estimate the intact leaf size from fragmentary leaf remains. Here, we test and refine three different approaches for the reconstruction of leaf sizes from fossil fragments: (1) visual estimation (VE) (Traiser et al, 2015(Traiser et al, , 2018, (2) vein scaling (VS) (Sack et al, 2012), and (3) a new method based on the midvein tapering (MVT).…”

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Reconstructing leaf area from fragments: testing three methods using a fossil paleogene species

Toumoulin

Kunzmann

Moraweck

et al. 2020

American J of Botany

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PREMISE Fossil leaf traits can enable reconstruction of ancient environments and climates. Among these, leaf size has been particularly studied because it reflects several climatic forcings (e.g., precipitation and surface temperature) and, potentially, environment characteristics (e.g., nutrient availability, local topography, and openness of vegetation). However, imperfect preservation and fragmentation can corrupt its utilization. We provide improved methodology to estimate leaf size from fossil fragments. METHODS We apply three methods: (1) visually reconstructing leaf area based on taxon‐specific gross morphology; (2) estimating intact leaf area from vein density based on a vein scaling relationship; and (3) a novel complementary method, determining intact leaf length based on the tapering of the midvein in the fragment. We test the three methods for fossils of extinct Eotrigonobalanus furcinervis (Fagaceae) from two lignite horizons of the middle and late Eocene of central Germany respectively (~45/46 and 35/36 Ma). RESULTS The three methods, including the new one, yield consistent leaf size reconstructions. The vein scaling method showed a shift to larger leaf size, from the middle to the late Eocene. CONCLUSIONS These methods constitute a toolbox with different solutions to reconstruct leaf size from fossil fragments depending on fossil preservation. Fossil leaf size reconstruction has great potential to improve physiognomy‐based paleoenvironmental reconstructions and the interpretation of the fossil record.

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Fossil leaf traits as archives for the past — and lessons for the future?

Roth‐Nebelsick

Konrad

2019

Flora

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MORPHYLL: A database of fossil leaves and their morphological traits

Cited by 12 publications

References 28 publications

Climatic evolution in Western Europe during the Cenozoic: insights from historical collections using leaf physiognomy

Climatic evolution in Western Europe during the Cenozoic: insights from historical collections using leaf physiognomy

Reconstructing leaf area from fragments: testing three methods using a fossil paleogene species

Fossil leaf traits as archives for the past — and lessons for the future?

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