Morphomics: An integral part of systems biology of the human placenta

Mayhew, Terry M.

doi:10.1016/j.placenta.2015.01.001

Cited by 15 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 132 publications

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“…However, in bivalves, we find only one article that used such methodology, and not for estimating any component of the animal but rather for revealing the number of the infecting protozoan parasite in the mantle of the eastern oyster Crassostrea virginica [ 48 ]. The latter and this study illustrate well how the same type of stereological techniques can tackle such varied questions, not to mention their more recently discussed potential to be part of the new field of “morphomics”, in line with the other “omics” [ 41 , 49 ]. The stereology tools used in the present study are well appreciated and recommended in vertebrate neurocytology and have been paramount for sustaining advances [ 50 , 51 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

A Stereological Study of the Three Types of Ganglia of Male, Female, and Undifferentiated Scrobicularia plana (Bivalvia)

Tantiwisawaruji

Rocha

Silva

et al. 2022

Animals

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Neurotransmitters modulate gonadal maturation in bivalves. However, it remains unclear whether there are differences in the nervous system structure between sexes, maturation, and ganglia. Therefore, a stereological study was conducted on the ganglia of adult peppery furrow shell (Scrobicularia plana). Equal-sized males, females, and undifferentiated (gamete absence) animals were fixed with 10% formalin and processed for light microscopy. They were serially cut into 35 µm paraffin thick sections and stained with hematoxylin-eosin. Sections with cerebral (cerebropleural), pedal, and visceral ganglia were studied. The parameters estimated were the volumes of the ganglia, the total and relative volumes of their cortex (outer layer) and medulla (neuropil), and the total number of cells (neurons, glia, and pigmented) per ganglia and compartment. The volumes and numbers were estimated, respectively, by the Cavalieri principle and by the optical fractionator. Females show a larger glia to neuron numerical ratio. Further, females have a greater ganglionic volume than undifferentiated adults, with males showing intermediate values. These facts indicate that the ganglia size is related somehow to maturation. The cell size forms the basis of the differences because total cellularity is equal among the groups. The three ganglion types differ in total volumes and the volume ratio of the cortex versus the medulla. The greater volumes of the pedal ganglia (vis-a-vis the cerebral ones) and of the visceral ganglia (in relation to all others) imply more voluminous cortexes and medullae, but more neuronal and non-neuronal cells only in the visceral. The new fundamental data can help interpret bivalve neurophysiology.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

A Stereological Study of the Three Types of Ganglia of Male, Female, and Undifferentiated Scrobicularia plana (Bivalvia)

Tantiwisawaruji

Rocha

Silva

et al. 2022

Animals

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“…Therefore, we applied a quantitative statistically based approach by linking tumor budding, EMT features and patient prognosis in periampullary adenocarcinomas. Hence, our study characterizes these neoplasms on the basis of several features of the complex morphological appearance of tumor development (morphome) [21,22] in a comprehensive way. Furthermore, the applied morphome model delineates a potential strategy of risk stratification in periampullary carcinomas, of which the origin cannot be reliably ascertained.…”

Section: Ivyspringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prognostic impact of tumor budding and EMT in periampullary adenocarcinoma: a quantitative approach

Kocsmár¹,

Lotz²,

Kiss³

et al. 2020

J. Cancer

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The presence of invasive cell clusters known as tumor budding and the closely related epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) have a prognostic impact on cancer patients' overall survival. Interestingly, data quantitatively analyzing and correlating the amount of tumor buds and patient overall survival as well as the impact of expression of epithelial phenotype markers are missing. Periampullary carcinoma samples of 171 patients were immunohistochemically stained for E-Cadherin (ECad). Tumor cell clusters (TCC, defined from one to 50 cells) were manually quantified comprising tumor cell number and subcellular localization of ECad expression (membranous, cytoplasmic or mixed). Data analyses were performed using elastic net feature selection. Hereby, five distinct intervals of TCC sizes and corresponding fractions of cells with distinct ECad expression were identified. Prognostic features of the defined budding categories were entered into a subsequent Cox regression model together with standard clinicopathological parameters and, based on the model prediction, cases were categorized into "low and high budding" grades. Overall median TCC size was 16 cells (range: 2-36 cells). The median number of TCCs per tumor was 42 (range: 3-283). Elastic net feature selection identified TCCs of 6-10 and 31-35 cells as prognostically most relevant negative and positive features, respectively. Regarding ECad expression, cytoplasmic ECad expression in TCCs of 11-15 as well as of 26-30 cells revealed prognostic relevance. Combining TCC numbers and ECad expression, budding grade qualified as independent prognostic factor for patient overall survival (p<0.001) in a multivariable clinicopathologic Cox model. Applying an advanced modelling by machine learning on a cohort of periampullary cancers, we show that not the smallest TCCs (1-5 cells) but tumor cell nests containing 6-10 cells display the strongest negative prognostic relevance. Moreover, we demonstrate that larger TCCs might have a strong positive prognostic impact in periampullary adenocarcinomas, contributing to establishing an advanced grading system.

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“…Systematic uniform random sampling involves random selection of the first sampling site, with subsequent sites dictated by a pre-made sampling interval. This method is recommended to ensure representative and unbiased sampling of the placenta (28, 29). It is a simple method, allowing for even coverage of the placenta and ensures that all sites can only be selected once (28).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In practice, however, systematic uniform random sampling has limitations. Firstly, its lack of bias may be compromised if the pre-determined sampling interval coincides with a natural pattern existent in the placenta (29). Secondly, placentae templates designed for systematic uniform random sampling assume all placentas to be roughly circular in shape, with central umbilical cord insertion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heterogeneity of the placenta in health and disease explored through integrated histology, gene expression and modelling

Yong

Maksym

Yusoff

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Fetal growth restriction (FGR) is a leading cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality. Altered placental formation and functional capacity are major contributors to FGR pathogenesis. Relating placental structure to function across the placenta in healthy and FGR pregnancies remains largely unexplored but could improve understanding of placental diseases. We investigated integration of these parameters spatially in the term human placenta using predictive modelling. Systematic sampling was able to overcome heterogeneity in placental morphological and molecular features. Defects in villous development, elevated fibrosis, and reduced expression of growth and functional marker genes (insulin-like growth factor-2, vascular endothelial growth factor-A, solute carrier family 38 member 1, solute carrier family 2 member 3) were seen in age-matched term FGR versus healthy control placentas. Characteristic histopathological changes with specific accompanying molecular signatures could be integrated through computational modelling to predict if the placenta came from a healthy or FGR pregnancy. Our findings yield new insights into the spatial relationship between placental structure and function and the aetiology of FGR.

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Morphomics: An integral part of systems biology of the human placenta

Cited by 15 publications

References 132 publications

A Stereological Study of the Three Types of Ganglia of Male, Female, and Undifferentiated Scrobicularia plana (Bivalvia)

A Stereological Study of the Three Types of Ganglia of Male, Female, and Undifferentiated Scrobicularia plana (Bivalvia)

Prognostic impact of tumor budding and EMT in periampullary adenocarcinoma: a quantitative approach

Heterogeneity of the placenta in health and disease explored through integrated histology, gene expression and modelling

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