Morphometry of superior temporal gyrus and planum temporale in schizophrenia and psychotic bipolar disorder

Ratnanather, J. Tilak; Poynton, Clare B.; Pisano, Dominic V.; Crocker, Britni; Postell, Elizabeth; Cebron, Shannon; Ceyhan, Elvan; Honeycutt, Nancy A.; Mahon, Pamela B.; Barta, Patrick E.

doi:10.1016/j.schres.2013.08.014

Cited by 51 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…Based on this tissue segmentation, the cortical thickness was calculated using Labeled Cortical Distance Mapping (LCDM). LCDM is a well-validated, high resolution approach that has successfully been used to characterize difference in cortical thickness in psychopathology including Alzheimer’s and schizophrenia (Miller et al, 2003; Ratnanather et al, 2013, 2014; Takayanagi et al, 2013; Wang et al, 2007; Karnik-Henry et al, 2012). The LCDM technique characterizes cortical morphometry in terms of the distribution of labeled distances of GM voxels from the grey matter/white matter (GM/WM) surface (Ceyhan et al, 2011, 2013; Miller et al, 2000; Ratnanather et al, 2001).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because the LCDM is derived from the distribution of distances of GM voxels from the GM/WM surface over the entire ROI, no averaging of individual surface-to-surface distances is required. Rather, cortical thickness is calculated as the 95 th percentile of the GM voxel distribution (Harms et al, 2010; Ratnanather et al, 2013). This percentile cutoff excludes excludes the most distant GM voxels which have the highest probability of falling beyond the cortex and resulting in a misclassification of the tissue (see Supplemental figure 1).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ventromedial prefrontal cortex thinning in preschool-onset depression

Marrus

Belden

Nishino

et al. 2015

Journal of Affective Disorders

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Background The ventromedial prefrontal cortex (VMPFC) is a key center of affect regulation and processing, fundamental aspects of emotional competence which are disrupted in mood disorders. Structural alterations of VMPFC have consistently been observed in adult major depression and are associated with depression severity, yet it is unknown whether young children with depression demonstrate similar abnormalities. We investigated cortical thickness differences in the VMPFC of children with a history of preschool-onset depression (PO-MDD). Methods Participants in a longitudinal study of PO-MDD underwent structural brain imaging between the ages of 7 to 12 years. Using local cortical distance metrics, cortical thickness of the VMPFC was compared in children with and without a history of PO-MDD. Results Children previously diagnosed with PO-MDD (n=34) had significantly thinner right VMPFC versus children without a history of PO-MDD [(n=95); F(1,126)=5.97, p=0.016)]. This effect was specific to children with a history of PO-MDD vs. other psychiatric conditions and was independent of comorbid anxiety or externalizing disorders. Decreases in right VMPFC thickness were predicted by preschool depressive symptoms independent of depressive symptoms in school age. Limitations Results are cross-sectional and cannot distinguish whether thinner right VMPFC represents a vulnerability marker of MDD, consequence of MDD, or marker of remitted MDD. Longitudinal imaging is needed to contextualize how this difference relates to normative VMPFC structural development. Conclusions Onset of depression at preschool age was associated with decreased cortical thickness of right VMPFC. This finding implicates the VMPFC in depression from very early stages of brain development.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ventromedial prefrontal cortex thinning in preschool-onset depression

Marrus

Belden

Nishino

et al. 2015

Journal of Affective Disorders

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“…Details of subjects, MRI acquisition, segmentation, and GM/WM surface reconstruction are described in Ratnanather et al (18). A brief description follows.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Finally, a third approach is to define a “laminar thickness” as the number of voxels at the 95th percentile LCDM, divided by surface area. This was used in an expansion of the Qiu et al (16) study and revealed gender and laterality effects on the PT, with reduced laterality found in SCZ but not BPD (18). Approaches similar to LCDMs have also been developed and used in other studies (19–26).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, pooling appears to be effective even with small to medium sample sizes (i.e., number of cases and controls) in structures known to be affected by disease such as the cingulate in dementia (29) and deficit SCZ (30). Thus, we aim to demonstrate that applying the pooled and censored LCDM technique to the Ratnanather et al (18) dataset offers an alternative and interesting way of quantifying differences in the effect of SCZ and BPD within the PT cortical mantle.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Morphometric Differences in Planum Temporale in Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder Revealed by Statistical Analysis of Labeled Cortical Depth Maps

et al. 2014

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Differences in cortical thickness in the lateral temporal lobe, including the planum temporale (PT), have been reported in MRI studies of schizophrenia (SCZ) and bipolar disorder (BPD) patients. Most of these studies have used a single-valued global or local measure for thickness. However, additional and complementary information can be obtained by generating labeled cortical distance maps (LCDMs), which are distances of labeled gray matter (GM) voxels from the nearest point on the GM/white matter (WM) (inner) cortical surface. Statistical analyses of pooled and censored LCDM distances reveal subtle differences in PT between SCZ and BPD groups from data generated by Ratnanather et al. (Schizophrenia Research, ). These results confirm that the left planum temporale (LPT) is more sensitive than the right PT in distinguishing between SCZ, BPD, and healthy controls. Also confirmed is a strong gender effect, with a thicker PT seen in males than in females. The differences between groups at smaller distances in the LPT revealed by pooled and censored LCDM analysis suggest that SCZ and BPD have different effects on the cortical mantle close to the GM/WM surface. This is consistent with reported subtle changes in the cortical mantle observed in post-mortem studies.

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Neuropsychological and Structural Neuroimaging Endophenotypes in Schizophrenia

Stone

Seidman

2016

Developmental Psychopathology

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The limits of the current diagnostic systems have led to a variety of efforts to identify alternate expressions of mental disorders that are broader than the DSM or ICD diagnostic criteria needed to diagnose them (e.g., Research Diagnostic Criteria, or RDoC). These newer approaches reflect a growing consensus that characterizing multiple, dimensional phenotypes can advance the search for identifying etiological or modulatory factors of psychiatric disorders. Moreover, the failure of Mendelian genetics to make progress in psychiatric disorders has led some to propose an alternative genetic focus on the traits associated with illnesses rather than on the diagnosis per se. These alternate phenotypes or endophenotypes (e.g., neuroanatomical, psychophysiological or neuropsychological abnormalities) of disorders may be more specific and amenable to objective measurement than clinical symptoms, and presumably reflect variation among smaller numbers of genes than more complex, clinical symptoms that are hypothesized to be more distal from their genetic origins. This has led to a dramatic growth of using endophenotypes in genetic studies, and consideration of their potential usefulness in the development of targets for early interventions. In this chapter, we review neuropsychological and structural neuroimaging endophenotypes for schizophrenia and for schizophrenia spectrum disorders, with an emphasis on key conceptual criteria for assessing endophenotypes, including their relationships to schizophrenia, to non‐psychotic relatives, and to heritability. Future directions for establishing the validity of endophenotype research are also discussed.

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Morphometry of superior temporal gyrus and planum temporale in schizophrenia and psychotic bipolar disorder

Cited by 51 publications

References 69 publications

Ventromedial prefrontal cortex thinning in preschool-onset depression

Ventromedial prefrontal cortex thinning in preschool-onset depression

Morphometric Differences in Planum Temporale in Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder Revealed by Statistical Analysis of Labeled Cortical Depth Maps

Neuropsychological and Structural Neuroimaging Endophenotypes in Schizophrenia

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