Morphometric Characteristics of the Infraorbital Foramen on Volume-Rendered Ct Scans

Abstract

Abstract. In this study, we aimed to analyze the variability in the size and localization of infraorbital foramen (IOF) with respect to the surrounding anatomical bony landmarks using the three-dimensional computed tomography (3D-CT) with the volume rendering and evaluate these morphometric parameters in relation to the gender and side. The cranial CT scans of 60 living adult subjects, without any trauma or malformation of facial bones were included in the study. Data of the subjects were collected in the Center of Radiology, Clinical Center Nis, Serbia. Measurements included the transverse and vertical diameter of the IOF foramen, the distance from IOF to facial midline, the distance to lateral margin of the piriform aperture, the distance to infraorbital margin and the distance to maxillary alveolar border. All measurements were done bilaterally and performed with a digital coordinate caliper. Obtained results were statistically analyzed. Observation of 120 hemi-skulls revealed that the IOF was present in all of them. The mean transverse diameter of the IOF was 2.81 ± 0.69 mm and the mean vertical diameter was 3.41 ± 0.88 mm. The IOF was located at an mean distance 26.17 ± 1.69 mm from facial midline, 14.99 ± 1.30 mm from the lateral margin of the piriform aperture, 9.06 ± 1.01 mm below the IOM and 28.22 ± 2.78 mm above the maxillary alveolar border. Statistically significant difference was found between males and females for the distance from IOF to PA (p < 0.05). These morphometric characteristics may have important implications for the surgical and local anesthetic planning.

Correlation Analysis of Infraorbital Foramen with Related Anatomical Structures

“…Infraorbital nerve anesthesia is commonly used in various surgical operations including midface region and paranasal sinus surgery (Bjelakovic et al, 2017;Ananya et al) and FOI is considered an important surgical parameter for external access to the maxillary sinus (Martins-Júnior et al, 2017) and is used as an acupuncture point in the treatment of trigeminal neuralgia that does not respond to pharmacological treatment (Ilayperuma et al, 2010;Singh;Karpagam & Thenmozhi;Tewari et al). Accurate knowledge of FOI localization provides risk free treatment of zygomatic bone fractures (Srinisha et al) and is also important in midface augmentation surgery using malar, submalar, paranasal implants (Raschke et al, 2013).…”

Evaluation of Foramen Infraorbitale by Three Dimensional Reconstruction Method

“…Foramen infraorbitale, içerisinde nervus (n.) infraorbitalis, arteria (a.) infraorbitalis ve vena (v.) infraorbitalis bulunan nörovasküler demetin fasiyal bölgeye geçişini sağlar (4,5). Bu damar ve sinirler; yanakların, alt göz kapağının, burun dış yüzünün, üst dudakların, kesici ve premolar dişlerin beslenmesi ve innervasyonundan sorumludur (1,6,7).…”

“…Cinsiyet karşılaştırmasında, AF sağ tarafta erkek değerleri daha uzun bulundu ancak sol tarafta anlamlı farklılık görülmedi. Bjelakovic ve ark.nın multi dedektörlü BT ile yaptıkları çalışmalarında, sol ve sağ taraf cinsiyet karşılaştırmasında, her iki tarafta erkek değerlerinin daha uzun olduğu bildirilmiştir(5).Çalışmamızda foramen infraorbitale'nin nasion noktasına olan uzaklığı (AG) parametresinde taraf karşılaştırmasında farklılık saptanmadı, simetri olduğu söylenebilir. Cinsiyet karşılaştırmamızda ise sağ tarafta erkeklere ait değerler daha uzun bulundu.…”