Morphometric changes in the lungs of rats following adrenalectomy supplemented by desiccated thyroid

Adkisson, V. T.; Callas, Gerald

doi:10.1002/ar.1092030113

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 25 publications

(24 reference statements)

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“…Measurements were made by superimposing test grids over projected images of the lung. Tissue and air-space fractions, mean linear intercept, septal crest density, and septal thickness were determined by point counting methods (2,35). Analyses were performed at a final magnification of ϫ200.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex differences in cardiorespiratory transition and surfactant composition following preterm birth in sheep

Ishak

Hanita

Sozo

et al. 2012

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

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Male preterm infants are at greater risk of respiratory morbidity and mortality than females but mechanisms are poorly understood. Our objective was to identify the basis for the "male disadvantage" following preterm birth using an ovine model of preterm birth in which survival of females is greater than males. At 0.85 of term, fetal sheep underwent surgery (11 female, 10 male) for the implantation of vascular catheters to monitor blood gases and arterial pressure. After cesarean delivery at 0.90 of term, lambs were monitored for 4 h while spontaneously breathing; lambs were then euthanized and static lung compliance measured. We analyzed surfactant phospholipid composition in amniotic fluid and in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) taken at necropsy; we also analyzed surfactant protein (SP) expression in lung tissue. Before delivery male fetuses tended to have lower pH (P = 0.052) compared with females. One hour after delivery, males had significantly lower pH and higher arterial partial pressure of CO(2) (Pa(CO(2))), lactate, glucose, and mean arterial pressure than females. Two males died 1 h after birth. Static lung compliance was 37% lower in males than females (P < 0.05). In BALF, males had significantly more protein, a lower percentage of the phosphatidylcholine (PC) 32:0 (dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine) and higher percentages of PC34:2 and PC36:2. There were no sex-related differences in lung architecture or expression of SP-A, -B, -C, and -D. The lower lung compliance in male preterm lambs compared with females may be due to altered surfactant phospholipid composition and function. These changes may compromise gas exchange and impair respiratory adaptation after male preterm birth.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex differences in cardiorespiratory transition and surfactant composition following preterm birth in sheep

Ishak

Hanita

Sozo

et al. 2012

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

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“…Tissue and air-space fractions and mean linear intercept, the average distance between alveolar walls (Lm), were determined by point-counting methods. 30,31 Analyses were performed at a final magnification of Â200.…”

Section: Histological Analysis Of Lung Tissuementioning

confidence: 99%

Long-Term Pulmonary Effects of Intrauterine Exposure to Endotoxin Following Preterm Birth in Sheep

et al. 2012

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Our aim was to determine whether fetal exposure to intraamniotic lipopolysaccharide (LPS) persistently alters the lungs following moderate preterm birth. Fetal sheep were exposed to LPS (1 mg/d) or saline from 0.75 to preterm birth at 0.90 of gestation. Eleven weeks after preterm birth, lung structure was unaltered. Interleukin (IL)-1β messenger RNA (mRNA) levels were elevated in lungs of LPS-exposed lambs (P < .05) but IL-1β protein levels were unaltered. Lung mRNA levels of IL-6, IL-8 and tumor necrosis factor α, and percentage of inflammatory cells were not different between groups. Surfactant protein (SP)-A and SP-C mRNA levels and SP-B tissue protein expression were higher in LPS-exposed lambs than controls (all P < .05); however, expression of SP-A and SP-C proteins was reduced. Prenatal LPS exposure causes a persistent increase in gene expression of proinflammatory mediators and surfactant proteins and a decrease in lung tissue SP-A and -C protein expression after preterm birth, which may affect lung immunity.

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Does lung development differ in male and female fetuses?

Ishak

Sozo

Harding

et al. 2013

Experimental Lung Research

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Preterm male infants have a higher incidence of morbidity and mortality due to respiratory insufficiency than females of the same gestational age. This male disadvantage could be due to differences in lung architecture; however, few studies have compared lung architecture in male and female fetuses during late gestation. Our principal objectives were to compare the morphology of the fetal lung and the maturity of the surfactant system in preterm male and female fetuses. Lungs from male (n = 9) and female (n = 11) fetal sheep were collected at 0.9 of term (131 days of the 145-day gestation) for morphological and molecular analyses. In separate groups, tracheal liquid was obtained from male (n = 9) and female (n = 9) fetuses at 0.9 of term for determination of surfactant phospholipid composition. We found no sex-related differences in body weight, lung weight, right lung volume, lung tissue and airspace fractions, mean linear intercept, septal crest density, septal thickness, the proportion of proliferating and apoptotic cells, and the percentages of collagen or elastin. The gene expression of surfactant protein -A, -B, -C, and -D and tropoelastin was similar between sexes. There were no differences in the proportion of the major phospholipid classes in the tracheal liquid between sexes; however there was a significantly higher percentage of the phospholipid species phosphatidylinositol 38:5 in males. The greater morbidity and mortality in preterm male lambs do not appear to be related to differences in lung structure or surfactant phospholipid synthesis before birth, but may relate to physiological adaptation to air-breathing at birth.

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Morphometric changes in the lungs of rats following adrenalectomy supplemented by desiccated thyroid

Cited by 3 publications

References 25 publications

Sex differences in cardiorespiratory transition and surfactant composition following preterm birth in sheep

Sex differences in cardiorespiratory transition and surfactant composition following preterm birth in sheep

Long-Term Pulmonary Effects of Intrauterine Exposure to Endotoxin Following Preterm Birth in Sheep

Does lung development differ in male and female fetuses?

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