Morphometric and Hormonal Study of the Effect of Utrica diocia Extract on Mammary Glands in Rats

Jalili, Cyrus; Salahshoor, Mohammad Reza; Yousefi, D.Z.; Khazaei, Mozafar; Mokhtari, Tahmineh

doi:10.4067/s0717-95022015000300028

Cited by 10 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…This is accompanied by an increase in some liver enzymes. [ 9 ] In the current research, treatment with genistein has significantly inhibited the increase of serum liver enzymes. The reduction of serum enzymes in the groups receiving morphine can be due to the absence of leakage of intracellular enzymes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Genistein can induce the oxidative stress by inhibiting the increased production of NO. [ 9 ] In general, based on the results of the current study, the administration of genistein as an antioxidant and a potent phytoestrogen can reduce the morphine-induced injuries through various mechanisms and can improve the structure, enzymes, and performance of liver in the groups receiving morphine. Therefore, more comprehensive studies are required to accurately evaluate the molecular and cellular mechanisms involved in the functioning of genistein in liver in order to get a better understanding of the effects of this substance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…[ 8 ] Morphine is an opioid analgesic drug and the main psychoactive chemical in opium. [ 9 ] Li et al . [ 10 ] showed a significant correlation between morphine consumption and hepatitis-C induction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genistein Improves Liver Damage in Male Mice Exposed to Morphine

Salahshoor

Roshankhah

Hosseni

et al. 2018

Chinese Medical Journal

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Background:Morphine is commonly used to treat severe pain. This substance is significantly metabolized in the liver and causes disturbing effects. Genistein is an isoflavone and has antioxidant properties. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of genistein against morphine damages on mouse liver.Methods:Between May 2017 and March 2018, 48 male mice were divided into six groups (n = 8 in each group). Various doses of genistein (25 and 50 mg/kg) and morphine plus genistein (25 and 50 mg/kg) were administered intraperitoneally to 48 male mice for 20 consequent days. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), serum nitric oxide (NO) levels, liver weight, and the diameter of hepatocytes and central hepatic vein were studied and compared using one-way analysis of variance.Results:Morphine administration significantly increased the mean diameter of the central hepatic vein (22.76 ± 1.9 μm vs. 15.04 ± 0.60 μm, χ2 = 21.814, P = 0.001) and hepatocytes (3.03 ± 0.10 μm vs. 1.10 ± 0.05 μm, χ2 = 9.873, P = 0.001) respectively, blood serum NO level (38.00% ± 2.09% vs. 18.72% ± 4.40%, χ2 = 20.404, P < 0.001), liver enzyme level (AST: 111.80 ± 5.10 ng/ml vs. 81.93 ± 2.20 ng/ml, χ2 = 32.201, P < 0.0001; ALT: 45.14 ± 4.10 ng/ml vs. 35.49 ± 2.50 ng/ml, χ2 = 18.203, P < 0.0001; and ALP: 3.28 ± 0.20 ng/ml vs. 2.14 ± 0.10, χ2 = 5.04, P < 0.0001, respectively), and decreased liver weight (18.50 ± 0.90 g vs. 27.15 ± 0.50 g, χ2 = 22.415, P = 0.001) compared to saline group (0.535–0.750, P < 0.0001). However, administration of genistein plus morphine significantly enhanced liver weight (25 mg/kg: 21.15 ± 2.13 g vs. 18.50 ± 0.90 g, χ2 = 19.251, P < 0.0001; 50 mg/kg: 21.20 ± 1.00 g vs. 18.5 ± 0.9 g, χ2 = 19.502, P < 0.0001, respectively) and reduced the mean diameter of hepatocyte (25 mg/kg: 2.17 ± 0.30 μm vs. 3.03 ± 0.10 μm, χ2 = 22.780, P = 0.001; 50 mg/kg: 2.01 ± 0.20 μm vs. 3.03 ± 0.10 μm χ2 = 7.120, P = 0.001, respectively), central hepatic vein (25 mg/kg: 19.53 ± 1.00 μm vs. 22.76 ± 1.90 μm, χ2 = 20.681, P = 0.001; 50 mg/kg: 19.44 ± 1.20 μm vs. 22.76 ± 1.90 μm, χ2 = 18.451, P = 0.001, respectively), AST (25 mg/kg: 95.40 ± 5.20 ng/ml vs. 111.80 ± 5.010 ng/ml, P < 0.0001; 50 mg/kg: 90.78 ± 6.00 ng/ml vs. 111.80 ± 5.10 ng/ml, χ2 = 17.112, P < 0.0001, respectively), ALT (25 mg/kg: 35.78 ± 5.01 ng/ml vs. 45.14 ± 4.10 ng/ml, χ2 = 15.320, P < 0.0001; 50 mg/kg: 33.78 ± 2.60 ng/ml vs. 45.14 ± 4.10 ng/ml, χ2 = 14.023, P < 0.0001, respectively), ALP (25 mg/kg: 2.35 ± 0.30 ng/ml vs. 3.28 ± 0.20 ng/ml, χ2 = 4.101, P < 0.0001; 50 mg/kg: 2.34 ± 0.10 ng/ml vs. 3.28 ± 0.20 ng/ml, χ2 = 2.033, P < 0.0001, respectively), and NO levels (25 mg/kg: 25.92% ± 2.30% vs. 38% ± 2.09%, χ2 = 17.103, P < 0.0001; 50 mg/kg: 24.74% ± 4.10% vs. 38% ± 2.09%, χ2 = 25.050, P = 0.001, respectively) compared to morphine group.Conclusion:It seems that genistein administration might improve liver damages induced by morphine in mice.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Genistein Improves Liver Damage in Male Mice Exposed to Morphine

Salahshoor

Roshankhah

Hosseni

et al. 2018

Chinese Medical Journal

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“…During lactation, mammary glands undergo an alternation of proliferation and apoptosis of mammary alveolar cells [44]. Moreover, consumption of plants rich in antioxidants such as flavonoids and phenolic compounds may have some beneficial effect on slowing the aging of mammary alveolar cells [51]. This would have the advantage of increasing the number of alveolar cells and the production of milk [20].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Galactagogue Effect of <i>Euphorbia hirta</i> (Euphorbiaceae) Aqueous Leaf Extract on Milk Production in Female Wistar Rats

Koko¹,

Konan²,

Kouacou³

et al. 2019

JBM

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Background: Populations of Gontougo (Côte d'Ivoire) commonly used Euphorbia hirta (Euphorbiaceae) leaves as galactagogue to boost milk production in lactating women. Our study was carried to verify this traditional belief via evaluations of milk production, serum prolactin levels, body weight and mammary lobuloalveolar proliferation induced by the aqueous leaf extract of this medicinal plant in Wistar rats. Methods: 6 groups of 6 virgin rats and 6 groups of 6 lactating rats were used. Each lactating rat was isolated with its six pups. These groups of animals were treated orally with distilled water, Metoclopramide (Metocl 5 mg/kg) and E. hirta aqueous leaf extract (EHae 100, 200, 400 and 600 mg/kg) daily during 17 days of lactation. The indirect method which assimilates the weight gain of untreated pups to the quantity of milk produced by lactating rats was used. At the end of the treatment, histological sections of the abdominal mammary glands of lactating rats were observed. Results: EHae administration induced an increase of milk production in lactating rats. This action of EHae was stronger at the dose of 200 mg/kg. Milk production of the treated rats at a dose of 200 mg/kg was 118.14 ± 1 g. The quantity of milk produced by the control female rats was 83.83 ± 0.88 g. Compared with the control, EHae 200 mg/kg significantly increased milk production (40.92%) (P < 0.0001). EHae 200 mg/kg significantly increased the biosynthesis of prolactin (PRL) in virgin rats (P < 0.0001). At this dose, PRL values measured at D7 and D14 were 26.44 ± 8.64 and 33.88 ± 7.30 ng/ml respectively, whereas the value obtained in the controls that received distilled water was less than 0.5 ng/ml. Histological analysis showed that EHae 200 mg/kg induced the development of the lobuloalveolar system of the mammary glands. Conclusion: EHae showed a galactagogue activity illustrated by increases of milk production, PRL secretions and the development How to cite this paper: .79006 52 Journal of Biosciences and Medicines of the lobuloalveolar system of the mammary glands in treated female rats. This galactagogue property could partly justify the traditional use of this plant to boost milk production in lactating women.

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“…The animals were kept in the standard cages of the animal house of school of medicine; six mice in each cage. [ 18 ]…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of thymoquinone against morphine-induced damages on male mice liver

et al. 2018

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Background:Morphine is a pain medication. It is mostly processed in liver and reasons disturbing effects. It can increase the production of free radicals. Thymoquinone is a phytochemical compound found in the plant Nigella sativa. It has diverse pharmacological properties such as antioxidant and anticancer. This study was intended to assess the effects of thymoquinone against morphine damages on the liver of mice.Methods:In this study, various doses of thymoquinone (4.5, 9, and 18 mg/kg) and thymoquinone plus morphine was administered (once a day) intraperitoneally to 48 male mice for 20 consequent days. These mice were randomly assigned to eight groups (n = 6). Aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, serum nitric oxide (NO) levels, liver weight, and histology have been studied.Results:The results indicated that morphine administration significantly increased the mean diameter of central hepatic vein and hepatocyte, blood serum NO level, liver enzymes level, and decreased liver weight compared to saline group (P < 0.05). However, thymoquinone and thymoquinone plus morphine administration significantly enhanced liver weight and reduced the mean diameter of hepatocyte, central hepatic vein, liver enzymes, and NO levels in all groups compared to morphine group (P < 0.05).Conclusions:It seems that antioxidant effect of thymoquinone could protect damage of liver parameters against morphine toxicity.

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Morphometric and Hormonal Study of the Effect of Utrica diocia Extract on Mammary Glands in Rats

Cited by 10 publications

References 15 publications

Genistein Improves Liver Damage in Male Mice Exposed to Morphine

Genistein Improves Liver Damage in Male Mice Exposed to Morphine

Galactagogue Effect of <i>Euphorbia hirta</i> (Euphorbiaceae) Aqueous Leaf Extract on Milk Production in Female Wistar Rats

The effects of thymoquinone against morphine-induced damages on male mice liver

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Morphometric and Hormonal Study of the Effect of Utrica diocia Extract on Mammary Glands in Rats

Cited by 10 publications

References 15 publications

Genistein Improves Liver Damage in Male Mice Exposed to Morphine

Genistein Improves Liver Damage in Male Mice Exposed to Morphine

Galactagogue Effect of &lt;i&gt;Euphorbia hirta&lt;/i&gt; (Euphorbiaceae) Aqueous Leaf Extract on Milk Production in Female Wistar Rats

The effects of thymoquinone against morphine-induced damages on male mice liver

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Galactagogue Effect of <i>Euphorbia hirta</i> (Euphorbiaceae) Aqueous Leaf Extract on Milk Production in Female Wistar Rats