Morphometric analysis of craniofacial growth in Cebus apella

Abstract

The present study was undertaken to provide a quantitative description of craniofacial growth in Cebus apella in three dimensions. Landmarks from a cross-sectional sample of sexed and dentally aged crania were collected using a 3Space digitizer. Two methods of three-dimensional form analysis, euclidian distance matrix analysis (EDMA) and finite-element scaling analysis (FESA), were used to investigate growth changes in the cranium. Male and female growth was examined by comparing the youngest male mean form to all other age/sex specific mean forms. In addition, form differences between the sexes were studied by comparing male and female mean forms at each age. The cranium was divided into four regions for analysis: muzzle, upper face, neurocranium, and basicranium. Growth changes within each region were examined. In the muzzle and neurocranium, most growth occurs along the anteroposterior axis. Growth around pterion and the lower orbital rim is prominent within the upper face. The basicranium shows a surprisingly large amount of form change with growth. This form change is due to the mediolateral expansion of the basioccipital, and to the posterior migration and inferior rotation of basion. Males and females have similar growth patterns, but males tend to be larger than females in nearly all dimensions at every developmental age except the youngest. Evidence suggests that craniofacial sexual dimorphism is primarily due to males growing faster than females for approximately the same amount of time.

Modularity and integration in ontogeny of the middle facial skeleton in two West African monkey species: collared mangabey (Cercocebus torquatus) and olive colobus (Procolobus verus)

“…2A, insets). This finding just repeats the results of previous studies (Corner & Richtsmeier, 1991;Richtsmeier et al, 1993;OHiggins & Jones, 1998;Collard & OHiggins, 2001;OHiggins & Collard, 2002;Cobb & OHiggins, 2004). According to both previous and our results, the PC1 scores have a high and significant correlation with centroid size (Spearman R = 0.93; p < 0.05, Tab.…”

“…Previous studies on these or similar species have clearly demonstrated differences in growth dynamics between the middle and the lateral parts of the monkey facial skeleton (OHiggins & Jones, 1998;Collard & OHiggins, 2001;OHiggins & Collard, 2002) as well as between different facial bones (Enlow, 1966;Cheverud, 1982;Corner & Richtsmeier, 1991;Richtsmeier et al, 1993;OHiggins & Jones, 1998;Cobb & OHiggins, 2004). In the present study we have tried to assess ontogeny of single bones comprising the middle part of the facial skeleton more comprehensively.…”

Multivariate Cranial Ontogenetic Allometries in Crab-eating, Rhesus and Japanese Macaques.

“…In Gould (1975), ontogenetic scaring is exemplified by the large human brain achieved by a prolonged fetal curve with a high slope, and does not require entire sharing of common growth trajectory. Ontogenetic scaling in the recent usage of cranial sexual dimorphism is widely observed among various primate species (e.g., Corner and Richtsmeier, 1991, 1993Leigh and Cheverud, 1991;Leutenegger and Masterson, 1989;Masterson andLeutenegger, 1990, 1992;Ravosa, 1991aRavosa, , 1992Ravosa and Ross, 1994;Shea, 1985cShea, , 1986Shea, , 1988Swindler et al, 1973) including M. fascicularis (Ravosa, 1991a;Richtsmeier and Cheverud, Fig. 2.…”

Mosaic Brains? A Methodological Critique of Joel Et Al.

“…1): Macaca fascicularis (crab-eating macaque; 59 individuals), Cercopithecus aethiops (grivet; 20 individuals), and Cebus apella (tufted capuchin; 31 individuals). The morphological data were kindly provided by Joan Richtsmeier; for a detailed description of the dataset see Corner and Richtsmeier (1991) and Richtsmeier et al (1993aRichtsmeier et al ( , 1993b. The dataset includes 20 three-dimensional cranial landmarks for each individual.…”