Morphomechanics and Developmental Constraints in the Evolution of Ammonites Shell Form

Erlich, Alexander; Moulton, Derek E.; Goriely, Alain; Chirat, Régis

doi:10.1002/jez.b.22716

Cited by 25 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…These patterns of intraspecific variation have been observed in Triassic [68][69][70][71][72][73][74][75][76][77], in Jurassic [66] and in Cretaceous [78] ammonoids. As these patterns of covariation have been observed in phylogenetically distant ammonoids at several different time periods, they represent evolutionary convergences that stem from the developmental constraints imposed by accretionary growth [19,[79][80][81][82][83].…”

Section: Correlation Of Shell Characters and Evo-devo Of The Molluscamentioning

confidence: 78%

“…These covariations have been recently explained using a mechanical model, whereby ammonoid shells act as biomechanical oscillators [82,83]. More generally, two types of dynamic models have been proposed to account for the morphogenesis of ornamentation in ammonoids: lateral inhibition (chemical) models and mechanical models (see review in [80]).…”

Section: Correlation Of Shell Characters and Evo-devo Of The Molluscamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Learning from beautiful monsters: phylogenetic and morphogenetic implications of left-right asymmetry in ammonoid shells

et al. 2019

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Background: Many pathologies that modify the shell geometry and ornamentation of ammonoids are known from the fossil record. Since they may reflect the developmental response of the organism to a perturbation (usually a sublethal injury), their study is essential for exploring the developmental mechanisms of these extinct animals. Ammonoid pathologies are also useful to assess the value of some morphological characters used in taxonomy, as well as to improve phylogenetic reconstructions and evolutionary scenarios. Results: We report on the discovery of an enigmatic pathological middle Toarcian (Lower Jurassic) ammonoid specimen from southern France, characterized by a pronounced left-right asymmetry in both ornamentation and suture lines. For each side independently, the taxonomic interpretations of ornamentation and suture lines are congruent, suggesting a Hildoceras semipolitum species assignment for the left side and a Brodieia primaria species assignment for the right side. The former exhibits a lateral groove whereas the second displays sinuous ribs. This specimen, together with the few analogous cases reported in the literature, lead us to erect a new forma-type pathology herein called "forma janusa" for specimens displaying a left-right asymmetry in the absence of any clear evidence of injury or parasitism, whereby the two sides match with the regular morphology of two distinct, known species. Conclusions: Since "forma janusa" specimens reflect the underlying developmental plasticity of the ammonoid taxa, we hypothesize that such specimens may also indicate unsuspected phylogenetic closeness between the two displayed taxa and may even reveal a direct ancestor-descendant relationship. This hypothesis is not, as yet, contradicted by the stratigraphical data at hand: in all studied cases the two distinct taxa correspond to contemporaneous or sub-contemporaneous taxa. More generally, the newly described specimen suggests that a hitherto unidentified developmental link may exist between sinuous ribs and lateral grooves. Overall, we recommend an integrative approach for revisiting aberrant individuals that illustrate the intricate links among shell morphogenesis, developmental plasticity and phylogeny.

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Section: Correlation Of Shell Characters and Evo-devo Of The Molluscamentioning

confidence: 78%

Section: Correlation Of Shell Characters and Evo-devo Of The Molluscamentioning

confidence: 99%

Learning from beautiful monsters: phylogenetic and morphogenetic implications of left-right asymmetry in ammonoid shells

et al. 2019

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“…These morphospaces are far more difficult to produce and have yet to be constructed for many clades. Successes have largely come from taxa with accretionary skeletons, such as mollusks, brachiopods, and echinoids (e.g., Chakra & Stone, 2011;Chirat, Moulton, & Goreily, 2013;Erlich, Moulton, Goriely, & Chirat, 2016;McGhee, 2007;Saucède et al, 2015). However, the most productive effort has been the computational model for mammalian teeth based on the genetic and cellular interactions that underlie development (Salazar-Ciudad & Jernvall, 2010).…”

Section: Morphospaces Empirical and Theoreticalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developmental bias, macroevolution, and the fossil record

Jablonski

2019

Evolution and Development

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A fuller understanding of the role of developmental bias in shaping large-scale evolutionary patterns requires integrating bias (the probability distribution of variation accessible to an ancestral phenotype) with clade dynamics (the differential survival and production of species and evolutionary lineages). This synthesis could proceed as a two-way exchange between the developmental data available to neontologists and the strictly phenotypic but richly historical and dynamic data available to paleontologists. Analyses starting in extant populations could aim to predict macroevolution in the fossil record from observed developmental bias, while analyses starting in the fossil record, particularly the record of extant species and lineages, could aim to predict developmental bias from macroevolutionary patterns, including the broad range of extinct phenotypes. Analyses in multivariate morphospaces are especially effective when coupled with phylogeny, theoretical and developmental models, and diversity-disparity plots. This research program will also require assessing the "heritability" of an ancestral bias across phylogeny, and the tendency for bias change in strength and orientation over evolutionary time. Such analyses will help find a set of general rules for the macroevolutionary effects of developmental bias, including its impact on and interactions with the other intrinsic and extrinsic factors governing the movement, expansion, and contraction of clades in morphospace.

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“…Raupian equations for shell coiling and growth have been used for the construction of simple, smooth 3D shell models . Raup's equations were limited to modeling smooth shells and were also inaccurate in modeling the true geometry of shell growth, which lead to a number of computational methods to more accurately model shell geometry, including those with complicated, ornamented shell features …”

Section: Overview Of Finite Element Modeling and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Finite Element Analysis as a Method to Study Molluscan Shell Mechanics

Lemanis

Zlotnikov

2017

Adv Eng Mater

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The clade Mollusca is a highly diverse and disparate group of terrestrial and aquatic invertebrates, the taxon containing over 100 000 known species including some of the most intelligent invertebrate animals. Their shells are exemplar systems in the study of biomechanics, biomineralization, and biomimetics. Research into understanding the superior biomechanical properties of the shell and how these properties relate to the animals ecology have required a diverse range of methods at multiple length scales; one particularly powerful method is finite element analysis. Finite element analysis is a robust engineering method that has a long-standing history in biomechanical research. This review summarizes the application of finite element analysis in the study of both the mechanical properties of different molluscan shell ultrastructures as well as macro-scale modeling of the shell. From the calculation of elastic constants to the origins of the strength of nacre and the relationship between shell folding and ecology, this article provides a window into how finite element analysis can further our understanding of mechanics and functional morphology.

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Morphomechanics and Developmental Constraints in the Evolution of Ammonites Shell Form

Cited by 25 publications

References 60 publications

Learning from beautiful monsters: phylogenetic and morphogenetic implications of left-right asymmetry in ammonoid shells

Learning from beautiful monsters: phylogenetic and morphogenetic implications of left-right asymmetry in ammonoid shells

Developmental bias, macroevolution, and the fossil record

Finite Element Analysis as a Method to Study Molluscan Shell Mechanics

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