Morphology, thermal and mechanical properties of PVC/MMT nanocomposites prepared by solution blending and solution blending+melt compounding

Madaleno, Liliana Andreia Oliveira; Schjødt-Thomsen, Jan; Pinto, José Cruz

doi:10.1016/j.compscitech.2010.01.016

Cited by 109 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…However, at higher temperatures, MDF with carbon fibers performed better in thermal stability than without carbon fibers with a higher char residue of 22.15 wt% at 600 °C. It was reported in previous studies that the addition of nano-clay platelets would efficiently raise the char residue of polymers at high temperatures (Hwang et al 2010;Madaleno et al 2010;Chatterjee and Islam 2008;Ismail et al 2008).…”

Section: Morphological Characteristics Thermogravimetry (Tga)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Characterization of Carbon Fibers and their Application in Wood Composites

Khan¹,

Gupta²,

Madusari³

et al. 2013

BioResources

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a Carbon fibers were synthesized using a low-cost, economical method. Fresh rubber wood fibers (Hevea brasiliensis) were burned using a furnace in an inert condition at 350 to 450 o C for 2-4 hours, and after that the fibers were ground at 18000 rpm for 20 to 40 seconds. The effect of carbon fibers as a reinforcement agent on mechanical, physical, and morphological properties was investigated. In the composite preparation, carbon fiber dosages (0, 0.1, 0.25, and 0.5 wt.%) were used as variable factors, along with a urea formaldehyde content of 10%. The morphology of the specimens was characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM). The mechanical tests indicated that when carbon fibers were added, the modulus of rupture (MOR) and internal bonding strength (IB) improved significantly. From the TGA graph it was observed that the thermal stability of the composites based on carbon fiber was higher than composites without it. The thermocouple readings showed that at a higher loading of carbon, the core temperature of the board increased faster than for the control board.

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Section: Morphological Characteristics Thermogravimetry (Tga)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Characterization of Carbon Fibers and their Application in Wood Composites

Khan¹,

Gupta²,

Madusari³

et al. 2013

BioResources

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“…Three strategies are mainly used for the preparation of nanocomposites: in situ intercalative polymerization [8], melt-blending and solution-blending method [9,10]. The most commonly used method in PCN synthesis is the melt-blending method.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adsorption Behaviour of Ethylene Vinyl Acetate and Polycaprolactone-Bentonite Composites for Pb2+ Uptake

Dlamini¹,

Mishra²,

Mamba³

2011

J Inorg Organomet Polym

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The results presented in this work show that the hydrophobic thermoplastics, namely ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) and polycaprolactone (PCL), could be good matrices for the synthesis of polymer/bentonite composites via the melt-blending method for the removal of heavy metals from water. The hydrophobic nature of the polymers was countered by using dry Na 2 SO 4 to form large free-volume pores. These pores, formed after the removal of the Na 2 SO 4 by washing, improved the contact ratio between bentonite particles and Pb 2? ions. The composites were able to achieve up to 78% Pb 2? removal at an initial concentration of 200 mg/L in 10 h with a clay loading of 3% (w/w). The results confirmed that the PCL/bentonite composite was more effective and efficient in the adsorption of Pb 2? than the EVA/bentonite composite. The experimental data for both composites followed Langmuir and Freundlich models. The uptake of Pb 2? was found to be a result of a chemical interaction between the heavy metal, silanol (Si-OH) and aluminol (Al-OH) groups. The adsorption of Pb 2? onto the composites was found to follow pseudo-first-order kinetics and the results supported a monomolecular reaction mechanism.

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“…Um avanço significativo nesta área tem ocorrido com a síntese de nanocompósitos, onde a ordem estrutural dentro do material pode ser controlada em escala nanométrica [1] . Um dos sistemas mais promissores é o híbrido baseado em polímero orgânico e argilomineral constituído de silicatos em camadas [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] . Dentre os vários silicatos em camadas, as montmorilonitas têm sido uma das mais empregadas, nos últimos anos, como carga para a preparação de nanocompósitos poliméricos [11][12][13][14] .…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Efeito de diferentes tipos de argilas e modificadores orgânicos na morfologia e propriedades térmicas dos nanocompósitos de PET

Leite¹,

Malta²,

Raposo³

et al. 2011

Polímeros

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Resumo: Argilas bentoníticas natural e purificada (AN e AP) e montmorilonita (MMT), modificadas organicamente com os sais alquil amônio (A), alquil fosfônio (F) e com uma mistura de ambos (A e F), foram incorporadas, em teor de 1% em massa, ao PET pelo processo de fusão. Os híbridos obtidos foram caracterizados por difratometria de raios X (DRX), termogravimetria (TG), calorimetria exploratória diferencial (DSC) e microscopia eletrônica de transmissão (MET). Nanocompósitos com morfologia intercalada ordenada e intercalada desordenada/esfoliada foram obtidos quando manufaturados com as argilas organofilizadas com sal amônio e com a mistura dos sais amônio e fosfônio. A incorporação das argilas organofilizadas com o sal fosfônio ao PET não resultou na formação de nanocompósitos. As argilas organofílicas ANOA, APOF e MMTOF, quando misturadas ao PET, provocaram aumento da sua estabilidade térmica, além de atuarem como agentes nucleantes heterogêneos para o referido polímero, aumentando sua temperatura de cristalização. Este resultado é significativo do ponto de vista industrial, pois a baixa velocidade de cristalização do PET dificulta seu uso na preparação de artefatos injetados. Além disso, como as argilas bentoníticas fornecidas por empresa local apresentaram comportamento semelhante ao da montmorilonita importada, o uso dessa matéria-prima de menor custo, modificada com tecnologia nacional, pode ser uma alternativa atraente para aplicações do PET moldado por injeção onde o custo é um fator primordial. Palavras-chave: Argila, surfactante, PET, morfologia, propriedades térmicas, nanocompósitos. Effect of Different Types of Clays and Organic Modifiers on the Morphology and Thermal Properties of PET NanocompositesAbstract: Montmorillonite (MMT), natural (AN) and purified (AP) bentonite clays modified with alkyl ammonium (A), alkyl phosphonium (F) and a mixture of both (A and F) salts were incorporated (1% w/w) into PET by melt blending. The hybrids thus obtained were characterized by XRD, TG, DSC and TEM. Nanocomposites having intercalated ordered structures and intercalated disordered/exfoliated structures were obtained with the clays modified with the ammonium and the mixture of ammonium and phosphonium salts, respectively. A nanocomposite was not obtained with the addition of 1% w/w of an alkyl phosphonium modified clay into PET. The organoclays ANOA, APOF and MMTOF, when added to PET not only led to an increase in its thermal stability but also acted as heterogeneous nucleating agents, increasing its crystallization temperature. This result is industrially significant as the low crystallization rate of PET makes its use difficult in preparing injected goods. Besides, as the behaviour of the bentonite clays supplied by a local industry was similar to that of the imported montmorillonite, the use of this raw material of lower cost, modified with national technology, can be an attractive technology for injection molded PET applications, where cost is of utmost importance.

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Morphology, thermal and mechanical properties of PVC/MMT nanocomposites prepared by solution blending and solution blending+melt compounding

Cited by 109 publications

References 29 publications

Synthesis and Characterization of Carbon Fibers and their Application in Wood Composites

Synthesis and Characterization of Carbon Fibers and their Application in Wood Composites

Adsorption Behaviour of Ethylene Vinyl Acetate and Polycaprolactone-Bentonite Composites for Pb2+ Uptake

Efeito de diferentes tipos de argilas e modificadores orgânicos na morfologia e propriedades térmicas dos nanocompósitos de PET

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