Morphology, photosynthesis, and internal structure alterations in field apple leaves under hidden and acute zinc deficiency

Fu, Chengxin; Li, Ming; Zhang, Yong; Zhang, Yuanzhen; Yan, Yichao; Wang, Yanan

doi:10.1016/j.scienta.2015.06.016

Cited by 30 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…4). Consistent with our leaf SPAD results, strong direct relationships between Zn nutrition and leaf content of chlorophyll or SPAD have been previously shown in diverse plant species including pecan (Fu et al, 2015;Hu and Sparks, 1991;Mukhopadhyay et al, 2013;Ojeda-Barrios et al, 2012;Tavallali et al, 2009). Leaf SPAD, also modeled as a function of leaf tissue Zn concentration using a broken-lines regression model with a line segment-plateau form, showed breakpoints at leaf tissue Zn concentration of 16.3 mgÁkg -1 (95% CI = 12.5-20.0 mgÁkg -1 ) by dry weight on 7 Aug. 2013 and 14.1 mgÁkg -1 (95% CI = 11.4-16.8 mgÁkg -1 ) by dry weight on 28 Aug. 2014 (Fig.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Nevertheless, a substantial part of the reduction in shoot growth and fruit production in Zn-deficient plants may be explained by the negative impacts of Zn deficiency on carbon assimilation. A strong reduction in leaf P n in response to Zn deficiency has been shown across a broad diversity of plant species (e.g., Amiri et al, 2016;Fu et al, 2015;Mattiello et al, 2015;Tavallali et al, 2009), including pecan (Hu and Sparks, 1991). Zinc has been proposed to have major effects on P n in a number of different ways, including its essential roles in the function of the carbonic anhydrase enzyme, which assists in movement of CO 2 to the site of the Calvin cycle in the chloroplast stroma, and the Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase enzyme, which is involved in protection of plant cells against oxidative damage by reactive oxygen species (Broadley et al, 2012;Cakmak, 2000;Yruela, 2013).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Soil-application of Zinc-EDTA Increases Leaf Photosynthesis of Immature ‘Wichita’ Pecan Trees

Heerema

VanLeeuwen

Thompson

et al. 2017

J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci.

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Zinc deficiency is common in pecan (Carya illinoinensis) grown in alkaline, calcareous soils. Zinc (Zn)-deficient pecan leaves exhibit interveinal chlorosis, decreased leaf thickness, and reduced photosynthetic capacity. Low photosynthesis (Pn) contributes to restricted vegetative growth, flowering, and fruiting of Zn-deficient pecan trees. Our objectives were to measure effects of soil-applied ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA)-chelated Zn fertilizer on gas exchange of immature ‘Wichita’ pecan and characterize the relationship between leaf Zn concentration and Pn. The study orchard had alkaline and calcareous soils and was planted in Spring 2011. Zinc was applied throughout each growing season as Zn EDTA through microsprinklers at rates of 0 (Control), 2.2, or 4.4 kg·ha−1 Zn. Leaf gas exchange and SPAD were measured on one occasion in the 2012 growing season, four in 2013, and five in 2014. Soil Zn-EDTA applications significantly increased the leaf tissue Zn concentration throughout the study. On all measurement occasions, net Pn was significantly increased by soil-applied Zn EDTA compared with the control, but Pn was not different between the two soil-applied Zn-EDTA treatments. Leaf Pn in midseason did not increase at leaf tissue Zn concentrations above 14–22 mg·kg−1. Leaf SPAD consistently followed a similar pattern to Pn. Soil Zn-EDTA application increased leaf stomatal conductance (gS) compared with the Control early through midseason but not after August. Intercellular CO2 concentration was significantly lower for Zn-EDTA-treated trees than the Control even on dates when there was no significant difference in gs, which suggests that soil application of Zn-EDTA alleviated nonstomatal limitations to Pn caused by Zn deficiency.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

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confidence: 99%

Soil-application of Zinc-EDTA Increases Leaf Photosynthesis of Immature ‘Wichita’ Pecan Trees

Heerema

VanLeeuwen

Thompson

et al. 2017

J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci.

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“…Apple ( Malus domestica Borkh.) trees are one of the most important fruit crops of temperate regions worldwide in terms of production levels (Cornille, Giraud, Smulders, Roldan‐Ruiz, & Gladieux, ) but are very sensitive to Zn deficiency (Alloway, ; Chandler, ; Fu et al, ; Rashid & Ryan, ). China is the largest producer of apples in the world (Miyata, Minot, & Hu, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…China is the largest producer of apples in the world (Miyata, Minot, & Hu, ). Because a third of cultivated soils in China, primarily the calcareous soils in northern areas, contain very low bioavailable Zn (Broadley et al, ; Zou, Gao, Shi, Fan, & Zhang, ), most apple orchards in these areas suffer from Zn deficiency, resulting in severe yield losses and deterioration of fruit quality (Fu et al, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient phloem remobilization of Zn protects apple trees during the early stages of Zn deficiency

Xie

Zhao

et al. 2019

Plant Cell & Environment

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Apple trees are extensively cultivated worldwide but are often affected by zinc (Zn) deficiency. Limited knowledge regarding Zn remobilization within fruit crops has hampered the development of efficient strategies for providing adequate amounts of Zn. In the present study, Zn distribution and remobilization were compared among apple trees cultivated under different Zn conditions. Without Zn application, plants showed visible symptoms of Zn deficiency at the shoot tips after 1 year but appeared to grow normally during the first 6 months (early stage of Zn deficiency). Compared with apple plants under sufficient Zn treatment, plants suffering from early-stage Zn deficiency showed preferential Zn distribution to young leaves and higher Zn levels in phloem, demonstrating that hidden Zn deficiency triggers a highly efficient remobilization of Zn in this species. The in vivo Zn-nicotianamine complex in phloem tissues, combined with the significant enhanced expression of MdNAS3 and MdYSL6, suggested a positive role for nicotianamine in the phloem remobilization of Zn. These results strongly suggest that a proportion of Zn in the old leaves of apple trees can be efficiently remobilized by phloem transport to the shoot tips, partially in the form of Zn-nicotianamine, thus protecting apple trees against the early stages of Zn deficiency.

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“…Zinc deficiency in crops causes root apex necrosis, leaf disorders, reduction of biomass, delayed maturity, yield reduction, and high mortality (Van Breemen and Castro 1980;Wissuwa et al 2006;Broadley et al 2007;Singh and Singh 2011;Al-Fahdawi et al 2014;Mattiello et al 2015;Fu et al 2015). Strategies like crop biofortification (increasing Zn content in edible parts during growth) or breeding for varieties tolerant to Zn-deficiency might help to overcome Zn deficiency in soils.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zinc Homeostasis and isotopic fractionation in plants: a review

2016

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Aims Recent advances in mass spectrometry have demonstrated that higher plants discriminate stable Zn isotopes during uptake and translocation depending on environmental conditions and physiological status of the plant. Stable Zn isotopes have emerged as a promising tool to characterize the plants response to inadequate Zn supply. The aim of this review is to build a comprehensive model linking Zn homeostasis and Zn isotopic fractionation in plants and advance our current view of Zn homeostasis and interaction with other micronutrients. Methods The distribution of stable Zn isotopes in plants and the most likely causes of fractionation are reviewed, and the interactions with micronutrients Fe, Cu, and Ni are discussed. Results The main sources of Zn fractionation in plants are i) adsorption, ii) low- and high-affinity transport phenomena, iii) speciation, iv) compartmentalization, and v) diffusion. We propose a model for Zn fractionation during uptake and radial transport in the roots, root-to-shoot transport, and remobilization. Conclusions Future work should concentrate on better understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying the fractionations as this will be the key to future development of this novel isotope system. A combination of stable isotopes and speciation analyses might prove a powerful tool for plant nutrition and homeostasis studies

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Morphology, photosynthesis, and internal structure alterations in field apple leaves under hidden and acute zinc deficiency

Cited by 30 publications

References 35 publications

Soil-application of Zinc-EDTA Increases Leaf Photosynthesis of Immature ‘Wichita’ Pecan Trees

Soil-application of Zinc-EDTA Increases Leaf Photosynthesis of Immature ‘Wichita’ Pecan Trees

Efficient phloem remobilization of Zn protects apple trees during the early stages of Zn deficiency

Zinc Homeostasis and isotopic fractionation in plants: a review

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