Morphology of wood degradation and flame retardants wood coating technology: an overview

Abstract

Flame retardants mitigate the threat of fire from inherently flammable wood and wood products responsible for sustaining a high standard of living. Wood is one of the aesthetically pleasing, highly sustainable as well as eco-friendly materials. It is not only an integral part of structures, but also the main source of home appliances, furniture, industrial applications, and offices all over the world. The coating provides protection to wood materials against outdoor weathering, photochemical degradation, and fire. Therefore, to minimize the degradation of wood for the increasing long life and survival ability, various coatings were synthesized and applied to enhance their performance for the wood application. This review provides a historical overview that leads to the structural properties of wood and the most promising surface treatments that will help pave the way for developing more effective and non-intrusive flame retardants in the future.

Effect of Phthalonitrile and Alum on Flame Retardation Properties of 100% Cotton Fabric

“…The impregnated and control fabrics were weighed before burning, and the char was weighed after burning. The percent char formation was calculated by dividing the fabric weight after burning by the weight before burning multiplied by 100, as shown in equation 2 [15,16].…”

The Optimal Impregnation Amounts of Flame-Retardant for Korean Larch and Japanese Cedar Building Materials

“…There are two methods for applying flame retardant treatment to wood: coating the wood with flame-retardant material and impregnating the wood pores with vacuum pressure [18,19]. Compared to coating, impregnation is a more beneficial method for introducing a flame-retardant effect of wood [20].…”

“UV-curing of novel tri-functional melamine-phosphate oligomer: An effect of coating with polyurethane acrylate toward mechanical, thermal, and flame retardant properties”

“…The phosphorous-nitrogen chemistry has been studied in the last decades owing to its capability to reduce flammability. [14][15][16][17] It is well known that in fire, the destruction of products occurs with the evolution of smoke and many toxic gases. Fire retardant polyurethane is preferred due to minimum or not producing smoke while they are burning.…”