Morphology of the Loop of Henle, Distal Tubule, and Collecting Duct

Kaissling, Brigitte; Kriz, Wilhelm

doi:10.1002/cphy.cp080103

Cited by 26 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 342 publications

(617 reference statements)

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“…Using RT-PCR on rat microdissected tubules, RhCG was found in DCT, CNT, CCD, and OMCD. In rat kidney as opposed to rabbit kidney there is no clearcut boundary between the DCT (as defined by the exclusive presence of DCT cells) and CNT (defined by the presence of connecting and intercalated cells) (21), the observed expression of RhCG mRNAs in DCT could therefore have been accounted for by their expression in DCT cells or alternatively by the presence of connecting and/or intercalated cells in the DCT segment. Indeed, immunohistochemistry revealed that RhCG was present in CNT and CD but not in DCT cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of RhCG, a New Putative NH3/NH4 + Transporter, along the Rat Nephron

Eladari¹,

Cheval

Quentin³

et al. 2002

Journal of the American Society of Nephrology

123

103

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of RhCG, a New Putative NH3/NH4 + Transporter, along the Rat Nephron

Eladari¹,

Cheval

Quentin³

et al. 2002

Journal of the American Society of Nephrology

123

103

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“…With respect to the CNT formation of arcades, the rat has generally been supposed to be intermediate (10) between e.g., rabbits and pigs, in which virtually all CNTs with the exception of the most superficial nephrons form arcades (21) and Psammomus obesus, in which only the deepest nephrons form arcades (9). In a study in rats by Dørup (6) with emphasis on superficial nephrons, he presented five families, of which two did not form arcades.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three-dimensional reconstruction of the rat nephron

Christensen

Grann

Kristoffersen

et al. 2014

American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology

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This study gives a three-dimensional (3D) structural analysis of rat nephrons and their connections to collecting ducts. Approximately 4,500 2.5-m-thick serial sections from the renal surface to the papillary tip were obtained from each of 3 kidneys of Wistar rats. Digital images were recorded and aligned into three image stacks and traced from image to image. Short-loop nephrons (SLNs), long-loop nephrons (LLNs), and collecting ducts (CDs) were reconstructed in 3D. We identified a well-defined boundary between the outer stripe and the inner stripe of the outer medulla corresponding to the transition of descending thick limbs to descending thin limbs and between the inner stripe and the inner medulla, i.e., the transition of ascending thin limbs into ascending thick limbs of LLNs. In all nephrons, a mosaic pattern of proximal tubule (PT) cells and descending thin limb (DTL) cells was observed at the transition between the PT and the DTL. The course of the LLNs revealed tortuous proximal "straight" tubules and winding of the DTLs within the outer half of the inner stripe. The localization of loop bends of SLNs in the inner stripe of the outer medulla and the bends of LLNs in the inner medulla reflected the localization of their glomeruli; i.e., the deeper the glomerulus, the deeper the bend. Each CD drained approximately three to six nephrons with a different pattern than previously established in mice. This information will provide a basis for evaluation of structural changes within nephrons as a result of physiological or pharmaceutical intervention.rat kidney morphology; three-dimensional structural analysis; digital tracing THE RAT KIDNEY HAS FOR MANY years been the target of a large number of functional and morphological investigations (10 -13, 17) and was recently reviewed (5). In recent years, especially the rat renal medulla has been the subject of intensive comparative structural-functional studies and computer modeling [see e.g., Refs. 15 and 20 and very recently a very comprehensive study on modeling calcium transport in the rat nephron was published (28)]. A prerequisite for conducting these kinds of studies is that the detailed morphology of the kidney is known. However, such a detailed three-dimensional (3D) analysis enabling identification of structural changes at a precisely defined distance from the glomerulus of the different segments along the nephron and collecting duct (CD) in the kidney is currently not available. We have previously described the 3D organization and ultrastructural segmental variation of the mouse kidney nephrons and CDs (29, 32). To describe the variation in kidney morphology in different species, we decided to study the morphology of the rat kidney in detail. We have developed a combined histological and computerized technique, which enables the reconstruction of a large number of rat nephrons in 3D space. Consequently, the present study gives a detailed 3D analysis of rat nephrons, both short-loop nephrons (SLNs) and long-loop nephrons (LLNs), including a description of t...

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“…The morphology of renin-positive cells is consistent with that reported for CNT cells, with a polygonal appearance, a convex apical side devoid of brush border, and a centrally located nucleus within an abundant clear cytoplasm. 17 Renin staining predominates at the apical side of the cytoplasm and in the vicinity of the nucleus.…”

Section: Renin Is Synthesized By Principal Cells Of Cntmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This topographical arrangement is characteristic of the arcades formed by merging CNTs of midcortical and deep nephrons. 17 The epithelium of CNT is composed of 2 main cell types, intercalated cells and principal cells of CNT (CNT cells). Intercalated cells are subdivided into 2 subtypes, ␣ and ␤;…”

Section: Renin Is Synthesized By Principal Cells Of Cntmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elements of a Paracrine Tubular Renin-Angiotensin System Along the Entire Nephron

et al. 1999

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Abstract-The renin-angiotensin system is a major regulator of body sodium, predominantly through the actions of intrarenal angiotensin II of unclear origin. We show that polarized epithelium of the proximal tubule synthesizes and secretes angiotensinogen at its apical side and that the protein can be detected in urine as a function of dietary sodium. Furthermore, we demonstrate that renin is expressed and secreted in a restricted nephron segment, the connecting tubule, also in a sodium-dependent fashion. A paracrine renin-angiotensin system operating along the entire nephron may contribute to long-term arterial pressure regulation by integrating distant tubular sodium-reabsorbing functions.(Hypertension. 1999;34:1265-1274.)

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Morphology of the Loop of Henle, Distal Tubule, and Collecting Duct

Abstract: The sections in this article are: Loops of Henle Intermediate Tubule Thick Ascending Limb Macula Densa Distal Segments Definition and Nomenclature General Cytological Organization of the Distal Segments Distal Convoluted Tubule … Show more

Cited by 26 publications

References 342 publications

Expression of RhCG, a New Putative NH3/NH4 + Transporter, along the Rat Nephron

Expression of RhCG, a New Putative NH3/NH4 + Transporter, along the Rat Nephron

Three-dimensional reconstruction of the rat nephron

Elements of a Paracrine Tubular Renin-Angiotensin System Along the Entire Nephron

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