Morphology of retinal vessels in the optic disk in a Göttingen minipig experimental glaucoma model

Galdós, Marta Barandiarán; Bayón, Alejandro; Rodríguez, Fernando Mateos; Micó, Carlos; Sharma, S. C.; Vecino, Elena

doi:10.1111/j.1463-5224.2011.00937.x

Cited by 19 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…In an attempt to reduce the use of nonhuman primates, we increasingly consider Göttingen minipigs for regulatory toxicology studies, including investigation of ocular drug delivery routes. In addition, the minipig is an interesting species in ocular research translatable to human disease conditions, such as glaucoma (Dan et al 2008;Galdos et al 2012;Ruiz-Ederra et al 2005), retinitis pigmentosa (Ross et al 2012), proliferative vitreoretinopathy (Umazume et al 2012), choroidal neovascularization (CNV; Kiilgaard et al 2005;Lassota et al 2008), retinal degeneration (Huang et al 2000) or detachment (Iandiev et al 2006), in transplantation studies (Klassen et al 2008), and as a model for selective retinal capillary closure in diabetic retinopathy (Foulds et al 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In pigs, ocular fluorescent dye angiography (Galdos et al 2012) and high-quality SDOCT have been established (McLellan and Rasmussen 2012;Rosolen et al 2012). In addition, there is increasing knowledge about the correlation of in vivo OCT scan results with histopathology of the porcine eye (Fatehee et al 2011;Gloesmann et al 2003;Huang et al 2000;Rosolen et al 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Advanced Clinical Imaging and Tissue-based Biomarkers of the Eye for Toxicology Studies in Minipigs

et al. 2015

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There is increased interest to use minipigs in ocular toxicology studies due to their anatomical similarities with human eyes and as a substitute for nonhuman primates. This requires adaptation of enhanced optical coherence tomography (OCT) techniques and of ocular relevant immunohistochemistry (IHC) or in situ hybridization (ISH) markers to porcine eyes. In this study, OCT and OCT angiography (AngioOCT) were performed on adult Gö ttingen minipigs. To increase structural information on retinal and choroidal vasculature, OCT data were speckle denoized and choroidal blood vessels were segmented with threshold filtering. In addition, we established a set of IHC and ISH markers on Davidson's fixed paraffin-embedded minipig eyes: neurofilament-160, neuronal nuclei, calretinin, protein kinase C-a, vimentin, glial fibrillary acidic protein, glutamine synthetase, ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule-1, rhodopsin, synaptophysin, postsynaptic density protein-95, retinal pigment epithelium (RPE)-specific protein-65, von Willebrand factor, a-smooth muscle actin, desmin, and Ki-67, thus enabling visualization of retinal neuronal and glial cells, photoreceptors, synapses, RPE, blood vessels, myocytes, macrophages, or cell proliferation. Using ISH, transcripts of vascular endothelial growth factor A, angiopoietin-2, and endothelial tyrosine kinase were visualized. This article describes for the first time in minipig eyes speckle noise-free OCT, AngioOCT, and a set of IHC/ISH markers on Davidson's fixed paraffin-embedded tissues and helps to establish the minipig for ocular toxicology and pharmacology studies.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced Clinical Imaging and Tissue-based Biomarkers of the Eye for Toxicology Studies in Minipigs

et al. 2015

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“…Of the eight animals that underwent episcleral vein cauterization, 57,1% presented statistically significant differences (p<0.05) of IOP, when comparing the experimental left eyes (LE) and the control right eyes (RE), indicating that these animals had glaucoma [23]. IOP values of control eyes averaged 22.43 ± 4.46 mmHg and glaucomatous eyes averaged 26.04 ± 5.01 mmHg (p<0.01, Figure 1 and Table 1).…”

Section: Iop Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Recently,Galdos et al [23]. studied in the Göttingen minipigs experimental glaucoma model the changes in the vasculature of the optic disk demonstrating that they were similar to those observed in human POAG In previous studies Ruiz-Ederra et al [24] demonstrated that moderated increase of IOP in pig eyes, caused by cauterization of the episcleral veins, induced retinal ganglion cell death following a pattern similar to that described in humans.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…In the present study we analyzed the ultrastructural changes that take place in the JCT using the same animals that were analyzed for the pattern of the blood vessels and cupping of the optic disk [23]. The analysis was done by comparing the right eyes (control) versusthe left eyes (experimental) that had undergone episcleral vein cauterization.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Elevated Intraocular Pressure induces Ultrastructural Changes in the Trabecular Meshwork

Vecino¹,

GaldósM²,

Bayón³

et al. 2015

J Cytol Histol

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The elevation of intraocular pressure (IOP) can be caused by the obstruction of flow in the trabecular meshwork and the age of the individuals has been pointed as one risk factor influencing in developing glaucoma. This study was designed to elucidate the morphological and ultrastructural changes in the trabecular meshwork of young adult Göttingen minipigs eyes after experimentally inducing a moderated chronic elevation of intraocular pressure lasting for over 14 months. The method used was cauterization of episcleral veins, located post-trabecular in the flow pathway and thus not affecting the cells located in the trabecular meshwork. The tissue was analysed using electron microscopy in control and experimental eyes. An increase in the amount of fibrillar material in the subendothelial region with a decreased optically empty spaces and an increase in rough endoplasmic reticulum (rER) were observed in the young experimental eyes. By experimentally increasing the post-trabecular resistance to the aqueous outflow, the present study showed that IOP elevation led to ultrastructural changes and thus concluded that changes in the trabecular meshwork can take place not only due to the advanced age, but by mechanical action on the cells as well.

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Ocular Hypertension/Glaucoma in Minipigs: Episcleral Veins Cauterization and Microbead Occlusion Methods

et al. 2017

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Two methods to induce elevation of the intraocular pressure (experimental glaucoma) are described in the present chapter. The first method is based on increasing the post-trabecular resistance to aqueous outflow by cauterizing the episcleral veins (EVC). This method allows the observation of ultrastructural changes in the trabecular meshwork (TM) without interfering with any structure within the eye such as TM, ciliary body, and/or the Retina. The second method is the multiple injection of microbeads into the anterior chamber, as a pre and intra-trabecular method that induce secondary effects on the TM cells. Both methods lead to an increase in IOP.

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Morphology of retinal vessels in the optic disk in a Göttingen minipig experimental glaucoma model

Cited by 19 publications

References 17 publications

Advanced Clinical Imaging and Tissue-based Biomarkers of the Eye for Toxicology Studies in Minipigs

Advanced Clinical Imaging and Tissue-based Biomarkers of the Eye for Toxicology Studies in Minipigs

Elevated Intraocular Pressure induces Ultrastructural Changes in the Trabecular Meshwork

Ocular Hypertension/Glaucoma in Minipigs: Episcleral Veins Cauterization and Microbead Occlusion Methods

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