Morphology of Parastrongylidium estevesi comb. nov. and Deviata brasiliensis sp. nov. (Ciliophora: Stichotrichia) from a sewage treatment plant in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Abstract

In samples of raw sewage collected from a sewage treatment plant in Rio de Janeiro (ETE-Penha), we found populations of two species, Deviata estevesi Paiva & Silva-Neto, 2005 and Deviata brasiliensis sp. nov. The organisms were studied in vivo under phase contrast microscopy, differential interference contrast (DIC), and after protargol-impregnation. The population of D. estevesi exhibited more extensive variation in cirral pattern than previously described. The interphasic organisms of new species D. brasiliensis sp. nov. are distinguishable from their congeners based on a series of morphometric features: cirral row R3 usually presents 1-3 cirri behind the right frontal cirrus, on average there are four macronuclear nodules, and, during morphogenesis of cell division, primordium V of the proter originates from the anterior region of cirral row R5 instead of row R6, as in the type species D. abbrevescens Eigner, 1995. In D. estevesi, the ventral cirral rows replicate by within-row primordia, which develop independently for the proter and for the opisthe, suggesting that it belongs to or is closely related to Parastrongylidium, hence the combination P. estevesi comb. nov. is established

Morphology, Ontogeny, and Molecular Phylogeny of Two Freshwater Species of Deviata (Ciliophora, Hypotrichia) from Southern China

“…Morphologically, our populations correspond well with the population described by Siqueira‐Castro et al. (), such as the body shape, contractile vacuole, the variable number of macronuclear segments, especially the ciliary pattern, and dorsal kinety 2 with widely spaced bristles. The type population mainly differs from our populations as follows: the anterior cirri of the frontoventral row 1 were misaligned (in about 60% of the specimens investigated vs. none in our populations).…”

“…brasiliensis (the only mentioned anlage IV forming from parental frontoventral row 1) (Eigner ; Siqueira‐Castro et al. ).…”

“…So far, nine species have been assigned to the genus (Berger ; Li et al. ): Deviata abbrevescens Eigner, ; Deviata bacilliformis (Gelei, 1954) Eigner, ; Deviata quadrinucleata (Dragesco ) Berger, ; Deviata brasiliensis Siqueira‐Castro et al., ; Deviata spirostoma (Alekperov, 1988) Berger, ; Deviata polycirrata Küppers and Claps, ; Deviata rositae Küppers et al., ; Deviata estevesi Paiva and Silva‐Neto, ; Deviata parabacilliformis Li et al., . Among them, only D. bacilliformis was redescribed (Berger ).…”

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The morphology and partial morphogenesis of two freshwater hypotrichous ciliates, Deviata brasiliensis Siqueira-Castro et al, 2009 and Deviata rositae K€ uppers et al, 2007, isolated from southern China, were investigated using live observation and protargol staining. Our populations resemble the original ones in terms of their live characters and ciliary patterns.

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Physiological reorganization in the hypotrich ciliate Apoamphisiella vernalis (Protista, Ciliophora, Hypotricha)

“…Investigation of ontogeny in hypotrichs is thus of major importance for elucidating their life cycles and to explain how the ciliature patterns develop and organize, facilitating detection of homologies and convergences (e.g. Jerka-Dziadosz, 1965, 1972Jerka-Dziadosz & Frankel, 1969;Borror, 1979;Fleury, 1983;Eigner, 1995Eigner, , 1997Eigner, , 1999Eigner, , 2001Eigner & Foissner, 1992, 1993, 1994Berger & Foissner, 1997;Paiva & Silva-Neto, 2007Siqueira-Castro et al, 2009;De Castro et al, 2016). Zou & Ng (1991) consider physiological reorganization as an ontogenetic process secondarily derived from divisional morphogenesis.…”