Morphology of hindwing veins in the shield bug Graphosoma italicum (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae)

Bergmann, Paavo; Richter, Sandra; Glöckner, Nina; Betz, Oliver

doi:10.1016/j.asd.2018.04.004

Cited by 12 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…To analyse local distributing patterns of material compositions within the antenna, we applied CLSM for insect cuticles according to the method established by Michels and Gorb [17]. This technique is successfully used in studies of a wide range of insect exoskeletons [17,23,25,26] including the antennae of mosquitos [16]. The method was applied here as described by Michels and Gorb [17] using a confocal laser scanning microscope, CLSM Zeiss LSM 700 (Carl Zeiss Microscopy GmbH, Jena, Germany).…”

Section: Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy (Clsm)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In turn, this study hints at a potential functional influence of the distribution of material composition on resonant tuning of the flagellum. During the last decade, inferring material properties in this way has become an established method [17][18][19][20][21][22][23]. CLSM furthermore has the advantage of allowing the imaging of whole structures with no loss of depth resolution, at higher resolutions than conventional light microscopy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Resilin Distribution and Sexual Dimorphism in the Midge Antenna and Their Influence on Frequency Sensitivity

Saltin

Matsumura

Reid

et al. 2020

Insects

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Small-scale bioacoustic sensors, such as antennae in insects, are often considered, biomechanically, to be not much more than the sum of their basic geometric features. Therefore, little is known about the fine structure and material properties of these sensors—even less so about the degree to which the well-known sexual dimorphism of the insect antenna structure affects those properties. By using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), we determined material composition patterns and estimated distribution of stiffer and softer materials in the antennae of males and females of the non-biting midge Chironomus riparius. Using finite element modelling (FEM), we also have evidence that the differences in composition of these antennae can influence their mechanical responses. This study points to the possibility that modulating the elastic and viscoelastic properties along the length of the antennae can affect resonant characteristics beyond those expected of simple mass-on-a-spring systems—in this case, a simple banded structure can change the antennal frequency sensitivity. This constitutes a simple principle that, now demonstrated in another Dipteran group, could be widespread in insects to improve various passive and active sensory performances.

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Section: Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy (Clsm)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resilin Distribution and Sexual Dimorphism in the Midge Antenna and Their Influence on Frequency Sensitivity

Saltin

Matsumura

Reid

et al. 2020

Insects

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“…The cross section of the pst cut from the region at the end of the subcosta posterior (ScP) was observed by means of inverted fluorescence microscopy under LED light (light field) and in two fluorescence channels (two excitation wavelengths of 423–476 nm and 595–677 nm) 21 , 38 . Figure 2 a shows the hemolymph, as marked with the green fluorescent indicator FITC, flowing in the veins.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The structure of a wing always consists of veins within a membrane as well as other components, such as spines, nodi and pterostigmata (psts) [20][21][22][23] . Psts are found in Odonata, Zoraptera, some Hemiptera, Raphidioptera, Hymenoptera, some Mecoptera, Strepsiptera and Coleoptera 24 .…”

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confidence: 99%

Effects of pterostigma structure on vibrational characteristics during flight of Asian ladybird Harmonia axyridis (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)

Song

Tong

Yan

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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The hind wings of beetles are deployable and play an essential role in flight. In the Asian ladybird Harmonia axyridis (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), the pterostigma (pst) is found in the middle of the hind wing instead of at the tip of the hind wing. This paper investigates the effect of the pst on the vibrational characteristics during the flight of H. axyridis. Based on cross sections of the pst and veins as well as the morphology and nanomechanical properties of the hind wing, including the wing membrane and veins, three three-dimensional coupling models, Models I-III, of hind wings with/ without pst structures and veins with varying or uniform reduced moduli are established. Modal analysis results for these three models show that the vibrational characteristics and deformation tendencies change the flight performance of the hind wing models with pst structures compared with that of the other models. The results in this paper reveal that the pst structure has an important influence on vibrational characteristics and deformation tendencies and, hence, on flight performance; the relationships between the body mass and the area of the hind wing, which have significant implications for the design of biomimetic deployable wing structures for micro air vehicles (MAVs), are also analyzed. The aim of this paper is to investigate the relationship between the body mass and hind wing area and the function of the pterostigma of the hind wing of a selected beetle species. In insect-inspired flapping-wing micro air vehicles (FW-MAVs), researchers are constantly striving for more lightweight and miniaturized designs 1,2. The multifunctional structures of dragonfly wings have inspired the bionics of micro air vehicles (MAVs) 3,4. MAVs based on birds whose wing span is reduced to 15% with a wing-folding mechanism have also been designed 5. Harmonia axyridis is a lightweight insect whose deployable hind wing can fold to an area reduction ratio of 2 6,7. The folding mechanism of the hind wings of beetles can serve as useful inspiration for the design of deployable wings for MAVs with reduced sizes 5,7. Therefore, for the design of smaller MAVs, research into deployable wings is meaningful. Different wing geometries have distinct kinematics under varying flow conditions 8. The complex, deformable structural shapes and material characteristics of insect wings change continuously during flight, which is powered by flight muscles 9,10. Various angles of attack, wingtip trace patterns, wing areas and complex adjustments to feather orientation can be combined to enable advanced flight capabilities 11-13. In the design of MAV wings, the relationships between wing length, wing area and body weight should be considered 14. To design an MAV that can generate the maximum thrust and lift with the minimum body weight, it is necessary to assess the dependence of the lift and thrust on the wing shape and area 15. With increasing flight speed, the wing-beat amplitude, wing-beat duration, wing-beat frequency, and angle of attack of the wings and ...

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“…The structure and patterns of the veins of insect wings affect their mechanical properties (Combes, 2003; Meyers et al, 2008). The structural constitution of the wing vein wall is characterized by gradual transition zones between the wing membrane and vein wall and an internal layer of elastic material (Bergmann et al, 2018). Some veins of the wing of insects are hollow tubes that allow hemolymph to flow (Zhao et al, 2013) and help to unfold the hind wings via a hydraulic mechanism (Sun et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The roles of wrinkle structures in the veins of Asian Ladybird and bioinspiration

Song

Yan

et al. 2020

Preprint

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5 The deployable hind wings of the Asian ladybird beetle (Harmonia axyridis) play important roles 6 in their flight. Wrinkle structures of veins are found on the bending zones of the hind wings of H. 7 axyridis. This paper investigates the effect of the wrinkle structures of the veins of the hind wing on its 8 deformation. Based on the nanomechanical properties of the veins, morphology of the hind wing,

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Morphology of hindwing veins in the shield bug Graphosoma italicum (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae)

Cited by 12 publications

References 52 publications

Resilin Distribution and Sexual Dimorphism in the Midge Antenna and Their Influence on Frequency Sensitivity

Resilin Distribution and Sexual Dimorphism in the Midge Antenna and Their Influence on Frequency Sensitivity

Effects of pterostigma structure on vibrational characteristics during flight of Asian ladybird Harmonia axyridis (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)

The roles of wrinkle structures in the veins of Asian Ladybird and bioinspiration

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