Morphology of Australia’s Eastern Continental Slope and Related Tsunami Hazard

Clarke, Samantha; Hubble, Thomas; Airey, David; Yu, Phyllis; Boyd, Ron; Keene, J. B.; Exon, N. F.; Gardner, James V.; Ward, Steven N.

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-00972-8_47

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Although the hazard from submarine landslides is now more generally recognized, the marine surveys required to map the submarine landslide hazard are expensive so only a few countries have so far carried these out to the degree necessary to fully identify the hazard (e.g. Grilli et al 2009;Clarke et al 2014).…”

Section: Submarine Landslide Tsunamimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The only other country where there has been a concerted marine programme on a passive margin is Australia where, off the east coast, MBES mapping reveals a large number of landslide scars offshore of significant concentrations of population (Fig. 9) (Clarke et al 2014). Numerical modelling suggests that the hazard here may be limited, however (Webster et al 2016).…”

Section: Colour Online/ Mono Hardcopymentioning

confidence: 99%

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The importance of geologists and geology in tsunami science and tsunami hazard

Tappin

2017

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Up until the late 1980s geology contributed very little to the study of tsunamis because most were generated by earthquakes which were mainly the domain of seismologists. In 1987-88 however, sediments deposited as tsunamis flooded land were discovered. Subsequently they began to be widely used to identify prehistorical tsunami events, providing a longer-term record than previously available from historical accounts. The sediments offered an opportunity to better define tsunami frequency that could underpin improved risk assessment. When over 2200 people died from a catastrophic tsunami in Papua New Guinea (PNG) in 1998, and a submarine landslide was controversially proven to be the mechanism, marine geologists provided the leadership that led to the identification of this previously unrecognized danger. The catastrophic tsunami in the Indian Ocean in 2004 confirmed the critical importance of sedimentological research in understanding tsunamis. In 2011, the Japan earthquake and tsunami further confirmed the importance of both sediments in tsunami hazard mitigation and the dangers from seabed sediment failures in tsunami generation. Here we recount the history of geological involvement in tsunami science and its importance in advancing understanding of the extent, magnitude and nature of the hazard from tsunamis.

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Section: Submarine Landslide Tsunamimentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Colour Online/ Mono Hardcopymentioning

confidence: 99%

The importance of geologists and geology in tsunami science and tsunami hazard

Tappin

2017

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“…Hundreds of submarine landslides have been described at active and passive margins worldwide [e.g. Moore et al, 1994;McAdoo et al, 2000;Tinti et al, 2004;Brune et al, 2010aBrune et al, , 2010bBrune et al, , 2010cLøvholt et al, 2012;Schwab et al, 2012Schwab et al, , 2014Harbitz et al, 2013;Clarke et al, 2014;Hubble et al, 2016] and some have produced large tsunamis. In 1929 for instance, a magnitude M S =7.2 earthquake struck the continental shelf of Newfoundland, disrupting 200 km 3 of slope sediments and triggering the largest submarine landslide in Canada's history.…”

Section: Submarine Landslides and Tsunami Hazardmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rifts and Rifted Margins

Brune

2016

Geophysical Monograph Series

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This review provides an introduction to the geodynamic processes that influence tectonic rift evolution and rifted margin architecture. With a strong focus on numerical modeling, I summarize classical and recent insights on rift evolution with differentiation between 2D and 3D concepts and models. One of the key processes during rift evolution is crust-mantle coupling, which controls not only the width of a rift system but also crustal hyperextension and the degree of final margin asymmetry. Accounting for 3D rift geometries allows investigating along-strike heterogeneities, rift segmentation and rift obliquity. Large amounts of sediments have accumulated at rifted margins, especially at the mouths of large rivers and former glaciers, providing important stratigraphic archives and georesources. Shifting the focus from the geological scale of continental extension to the human time scale, natural hazards are discussed regarding earthquakes and volcanic eruptions during active rifting. Finally, I review natural hazards due to passive margin seismicity as well as slope instabilities at heavily sedimented continental margins that have the potential to generate large landslide tsunamis.

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