Morphology Development of Polymer Blends in Complex Flow Fields

Abstract

Communications even in case of mercury peaks in the raw gas. As a functional alternative to the MercOx process, an acid and alkaline scrubber, a carbon-entrained bed reactor, and a fabric filter can be combined to remove the flue gas components listed above. In the case of the MercOx process, however, investment costs are far smaller, due to its reduced technical expenditure. Hydrogen peroxide represents a comparably inexpensive oxidant. This and the fact that a small pressure drop only is generated in the MercOx stage result in low operation costs. The consumption and, hence, the costs of hydrogen peroxide depend on the initial SO 2 concentration. At an SO 2 content of 100 mg/m N 3 , for example, H 2 O 2 costs to the amount of about 2 Euro per hour would be incurred for the MercOx scrubber in SAKAB. Here, costs of 1 kg of H 2 O 2 solution (35 %) are assumed to be 0.2 Euro and the calculation holds for a flue gas volume flow of 45,000 m N 3 /h (dry).Compared to the large amounts of loaded adsorbent, which have to be disposed of when using the carbon entrained-bed process, the MercOx process produces relatively small amounts of sludge in the filter press only. Hence, the waste management and disposal costs are relatively low. Disposal costs are further reduced by highly concentrated residues. _______________________ Morphology Development of Polymer Blends in Complex Flow FieldsBy M. Mours*, M. Laun, F. Oosterlinck, I. Vinckier, and P. MoldenaersPolymer blends are an economically interesting alternative when it comes to the development of materials with new or improved properties. These properties strongly depend on the underlying morphology, which is affected by, among other things, the mechanical and thermal history of the blend during preparation and processing. The influence of the typically complex flow fields in processing equipment, on the morphology, is still poorly understood. A completely immiscible concentrated PS/PMMA model blend was subjected to different types of shear, elongation and combined flow fields.Droplet deformation, break-up and coalescence in these flows were studied. While the well-known models for shear flow were found to be valid for the system under investigation, interesting effects were seen for uniaxial and biaxial extensional flow. The morphology development in one type of complex flow field, namely capillary entrance flow, is described.

Natural Rubber/Acrylonitrile Butadiene Rubber Blend Membranes: Vapor Permeation Properties

“…However, different studies have revealed that the properties of such immiscible blends can be significantly improved by the addition of a suitable compatibilizer during blending [22][23][24][25]. Copolymer-containing segments, chemically identical to the individual homo polymers, are generally employed as compatibilizers [26][27][28][29]. The analysis of the vapor permeation through such a compatibilized blend can provide interesting information on different types of interactions existing therein and information on the morphology [30].…”