Morphology, cell division, and phylogeny of Notohymena antarctica Foissner, 1996 and Engelmanniella mobilis (Engelmann, 1862) Foissner, 1982 (Ciliophora, Hypotrichia)

Shao, Chen; Tang, Qiuyue; Jin, Didi; Warren, Alan; Wang, Jingyi; Li, Jingbao

doi:10.1016/j.ejop.2022.125879

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…silvers-staining and gene sequencing, the situation mentioned above has been improved [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30]. As body generally dorsoventrally attened and cirri distinctly differentiated, members of subclass Hypotrichia Stein, 1859 have been a major focus of ciliates' taxonomists [31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40]. Foissner (2016) established a new family Deviatidae to comprise Deviata Eigner, 1995, Notodeviata Foissner, 2016, and Idiodeviata Foissner, 2016.…”

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Integrative data of an unknown ciliate (Alveolata, Ciliophora) propose the establishment of Caudidiodeviata nov. gen.

Liao,

Jiang,

2023

Preprint

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Background As unicellular eukaryotes, ciliates are an indispensable component of ecosystems that play the role of intermediate nutrition link between bacteria or algae and meifauna. Recent faunistic surveys have discovered many new taxa of hypotrich ciliates, indicating their diversity is greater than previously thought. Here we document an undescribed form isolated from an artificial brackish water pond in East China. Examination of its morphology, ontogenesis and molecular phylogeny suggests it represents a new genus. Results The new genus is distinguished from its relatives by having a dorsomarginal kinety, frontoventral and caudal cirri. It also has five frontoventral cirral anlagen, and oral primordium originated apokinetally between right and left cirral field. The diagnostic traits of the new species include three frontal cirri, one buccal cirrus, one or two parabuccal cirri, a row of four to six frontoventral cirri, three left and two right marginal rows, and one bipolar dorsal kinety with one or two caudal cirri at its rear end. Its main morphogenetic features are: (i) the old oral apparatus is completely inherited by the proter except undulating membranes, which are reorganized in situ; (ii) anlagen for marginal rows and the left dorsal kinety develop intrakinetally in both proter and opisthe; (iii) dorsal kinety 2 is generated dorsomarginally; (iv) in the proter, anlagen I and II originate from the parental undulating membranes and the buccal cirrus, respectively, anlage III from anterior parabuccal cirrus, anlage IV from the parental frontoventral cirri; (v) anlagen I–IV of the opisthe are all generated from oral primordium, and (vi) anlage V occur in the innermost parental right marginal row in both dividers. The phylogenetic analysis suggests that the new species is closely related to the newly described Heterodeviata sinica Song et al., 2023, and then form a robust clade with other deviatids, which corroborates the familial assignment of our form. Conclusions The study of the morphology, and ontogenesis of a new brackish-water taxon increases the overall knowledge about the biodiversity of this ciliate group. It also adds to the genetic data available and further confirms the monophyly of family Deviatidae Foissner, 2016.

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confidence: 99%

Integrative data of an unknown ciliate (Alveolata, Ciliophora) propose the establishment of Caudidiodeviata nov. gen.

Liao,

Jiang,

2023

Preprint

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Molecular phylogeny and taxonomy of three anaerobic plagiopyleans (Alveolata: Ciliophora), retrieved from two geographically distant localities in Asia and North America

Zhuang

Feng

et al. 2023

Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society

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Anaerobic ciliates are key organisms for studying adaptations to an anaerobic lifestyle, the evolution of eukaryotic cell organelles, mechanisms of energy metabolism, and symbiosis with prokaryotes; however, the biodiversity of their marine representatives remains poorly known. In this study, three species of ciliates belonging to the class Plagiopylea, i.e. Trimyema foissneri sp. nov., Plagiopyla rariseta sp. nov., and Plagiopyla frontata, collected from various marine anoxic habitats from two geographically distant continents, Asia and North America, were investigated using morphological and molecular methods. Trimyema foissneri can be recognized by three complete somatic ciliary girdles, special arrangement of kinetosomes near the anterior end of the oral kineties, and the presence of a ventrolateral fragment. Plagiopyla rariseta is distinguished by sparse cilia on the frontal region and particular orientation of the buccal cavity. Plagiopyla frontata is newly recorded and is redescribed in detail and redefined based on new populations. Phylogenetic analyses based on the small subunit ribosomal ribonucleic acid (SSU rRNA) gene supported the generic assignment of the three species and corroborated the monophyly of the families Trimyemidae and Plagiopylidae. An improved key to the identification of the valid species of genus Trimyema is also supplied.

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Integrative data of a novel ciliate (Alveolata, Ciliophora) propose the establishment of Heterodeviata nantongensis nov. sp.

Liao,

Jiang,

2024

BMC Microbiol

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Background As unicellular eukaryotes, ciliates are an indispensable component of micro-ecosystems that play the role of intermediate nutrition link between bacteria or algae and meiofauna. Recent faunistic studies have revealed many new taxa of hypotrich ciliates, indicating their diversity is greater than previously thought. Here we document an undescribed form isolated from an artificial brackish water pond in East China. Examination of its morphology, ontogenesis and molecular phylogeny suggests that it represents a new species. Results The morphology and morphogenesis of the new brackish-water deviatid ciliate, Heterodeviata nantongensis nov. sp., isolated from Nantong, China, were investigated using live observations and protargol staining. The diagnostic traits of the new species include three frontal cirri, one buccal cirrus, one or two parabuccal cirri, an inconspicuous frontoventral cirral row of four to six frontoventral cirri derived from two anlagen, three left and two right marginal rows, two dorsal kineties, dorsal kinety 1 with 9–14 dikinetids and dorsal kinety 2 with only two dikinetids, and one to three caudal cirri at the rear end of dorsal kinety 1. Its main morphogenetic features are: (i) the old oral apparatus is completely inherited by the proter except undulating membranes, which are reorganized in situ; (ii) anlagen for marginal rows and the left dorsal kinety develop intrakinetally in both proter and opisthe; (iii) dorsal kinety 2 is generated dorsomarginally; (iv) five cirral anlagen are formed in both proter and opisthe; (v) in the proter, anlagen I and II very likely originate from the parental undulating membranes and the buccal cirrus, respectively, anlage III from anterior parabuccal cirrus, anlage IV originates from the parental frontoventral cirri and anlage V from the innermost parental right marginal row; and (vi) anlagen I–IV of the opisthe are all generated from oral primordium, anlage V from the innermost parental right marginal row. Phylogenetic analyses based on SSU rRNA gene sequence data were performed to determine the systematic position of the new taxon. Conclusions The study on the morphology, and ontogenesis of a new brackish-water taxon increases the overall knowledge about the biodiversity of this ciliate group. It also adds to the genetic data available and further provides a reliable reference for environmental monitoring and resource investigations.

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Morphology, cell division, and phylogeny of Notohymena antarctica Foissner, 1996 and Engelmanniella mobilis (Engelmann, 1862) Foissner, 1982 (Ciliophora, Hypotrichia)

Cited by 3 publications

References 40 publications

Integrative data of an unknown ciliate (Alveolata, Ciliophora) propose the establishment of Caudidiodeviata nov. gen.

Integrative data of an unknown ciliate (Alveolata, Ciliophora) propose the establishment of Caudidiodeviata nov. gen.

Molecular phylogeny and taxonomy of three anaerobic plagiopyleans (Alveolata: Ciliophora), retrieved from two geographically distant localities in Asia and North America

Integrative data of a novel ciliate (Alveolata, Ciliophora) propose the establishment of Heterodeviata nantongensis nov. sp.

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