Morphology and Ultrastructure of Sense Organs in the Twospotted Spider Mite (Acarina: Tetranychidae)1

Bostanian, N. J.; Morrison, F. O.

doi:10.1093/aesa/66.2.379

Cited by 21 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…To understand the expression dynamics of T. urticae GRs and ENaCs, including sex-specific expression differences, we generated deep, strand-specific RNA-seq data with 4-fold biological replication from stage-matched adult males and females. The RNA was collected from whole bodies, as dissection of putative mite chemosensory structures (Bostanian and Morrison 1973), which has been performed for insects (e.g., Matthews et al. 2016), was deemed not feasible (adult female mites are only ∼500 microns in length, and males are substantially smaller).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Complex Evolutionary Dynamics of Massively Expanded Chemosensory Receptor Families in an Extreme Generalist Chelicerate Herbivore

Ngoc¹,

Greenhalgh²,

Dermauw³

et al. 2016

Genome Biol Evol

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While mechanisms to detoxify plant produced, anti-herbivore compounds have been associated with plant host use by herbivores, less is known about the role of chemosensory perception in their life histories. This is especially true for generalists, including chelicerate herbivores that evolved herbivory independently from the more studied insect lineages. To shed light on chemosensory perception in a generalist herbivore, we characterized the chemosensory receptors (CRs) of the chelicerate two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae, an extreme generalist. Strikingly, T. urticae has more CRs than reported in any other arthropod to date. Including pseudogenes, 689 gustatory receptors were identified, as were 136 degenerin/Epithelial Na+ Channels (ENaCs) that have also been implicated as CRs in insects. The genomic distribution of T. urticae gustatory receptors indicates recurring bursts of lineage-specific proliferations, with the extent of receptor clusters reminiscent of those observed in the CR-rich genomes of vertebrates or C. elegans. Although pseudogenization of many gustatory receptors within clusters suggests relaxed selection, a subset of receptors is expressed. Consistent with functions as CRs, the genomic distribution and expression of ENaCs in lineage-specific T. urticae expansions mirrors that observed for gustatory receptors. The expansion of ENaCs in T. urticae to > 3-fold that reported in other animals was unexpected, raising the possibility that ENaCs in T. urticae have been co-opted to fulfill a major role performed by unrelated CRs in other animals. More broadly, our findings suggest an elaborate role for chemosensory perception in generalist herbivores that are of key ecological and agricultural importance.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2015). Although little is known about chemosensory processes in T. urticae , spider mites have neuron-rich setae harboring cuticular pores on the palpa and legs (Bostanian and Morrison 1973) that are reminiscent of functionally characterized chemosensory sensilla present on insect appendages (Sanchez-Gracia et al. 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complex Evolutionary Dynamics of Massively Expanded Chemosensory Receptor Families in an Extreme Generalist Chelicerate Herbivore

Ngoc¹,

Greenhalgh²,

Dermauw³

et al. 2016

Genome Biol Evol

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“…Sensory hairs on the body and appendages allow mites to detect and escape irritants as fast as possible 13. Mites treated with a pesticide at the label concentration in the experiment described on Section 2.4 and found wandering off the leaf disc on the wet cotton strands were considered as escapees.…”

Section: Experimental Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of seven new orchard pesticides on Galendromus occidentalis in laboratory studies

Bostanian

Thistlewood

Hardman

et al. 2009

Pest Management Science

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Imidacloprid and acetamiprid are incompatible with IPM programs because they are toxic to adults and negatively affect fecundity. Thiamethoxam and spirodiclofen need further field evaluation to determine if they are compatible with IPM programs because they slightly reduced fecundity. Thiacloprid, spinosad and methoxyfenoxide are harmless to adults, but they are slightly repellent. Therefore, with the exception of imidacloprid and acetamiprid, all these compounds should be field tested for compatibility in an IPM program.

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“…Jeppson et al (1975), Mollet & Sevacherian (1984) and Hong et al (1994) studied the morphological characters and the density of the integumentary lobes and considered that the integumentary lobes were involved with thermal regulation. Some scholars have described the morphological characteristics of the mouthparts, setae and pedipalps, and inferred their functions from the morphology (Bostanian & Morrison 1973;Hislop & Jeppson 1976;Razaq et al 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of host plant and temperature on growth and reproduction of the strawberry spider mite Tetranychus turkestani Ugarov & Nikolski (Acari: Tetranychidae)

Sohrabi

Shishehbor

2008

Systematic and Applied Acarology

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Tetranychus turkestani is a serious pest of cotton, corn, vegetables, fruit trees and forests in Xinjiang. All life stages of T. turkestani were observed using both light and scanning electron microscope. The egg is smooth and spherical. The eupathidial spinnerets of larva and protonymph are different from that of the deutonymph and adult in shape. The spinneret of adult female is obviously thicker and larger than that in male. The palpfemoral seta of adult male is a short, stout, spine-like process. T. turkestani has fourteen pairs of dorsal setae. The number of ventral setae increases regularly in number in each molt. The leg chaetotaxy has a great change from larva to deutonymph.

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Morphology and Ultrastructure of Sense Organs in the Twospotted Spider Mite (Acarina: Tetranychidae)1

Cited by 21 publications

References 0 publications

Complex Evolutionary Dynamics of Massively Expanded Chemosensory Receptor Families in an Extreme Generalist Chelicerate Herbivore

Complex Evolutionary Dynamics of Massively Expanded Chemosensory Receptor Families in an Extreme Generalist Chelicerate Herbivore

Effect of seven new orchard pesticides on Galendromus occidentalis in laboratory studies

Effects of host plant and temperature on growth and reproduction of the strawberry spider mite Tetranychus turkestani Ugarov & Nikolski (Acari: Tetranychidae)

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