Morphology and Surface Area of Cellular Structured Resorcinol/Formaldehyde Microspheres: Effect of Ageing Conditions

Abstract

Cellular structured resorcinol/formaldehyde (R/F) microspheres were synthesized via the sol-emulsion-gel reaction and followed by supercritical drying with CO2. The materials were characterized by thermogravimetry, FT-IR spectroscopy, nitrogen physisorption technique and scanning electron microscopy. Variation of ageing conditions leaded to different micro and macro-structure, which affected bulk density, pore size distribution, specific surface area, and morphology of cellular structured R/F microspheres. The resultant R/F microspheres have average pore sizes in the range of less than 100 nm. Increasing the ageing time leaded to decreased surface area of cellular structured R/F microspheres. As the ageing temperature increased, the bulk density increased and the surface area decreased. The pore morphology depended on the ageing temperature and it was evidenced by nitrogen physisorption experiments.

Enhanced Effect of the Mesoporous Carbon on Iron Carbide Catalyst for Hydrogenation of Dimethyl Oxalate to Ethanol

“…According to the in-situ skeleton IR data (Figure 3(b)), the peak at 1660 cm À 1 of Fe/AC and Fe/mesC belongs to C=O stretching, and the strong band at 1092 cm À 1 obtained on Fe/micC and Fe/ mesC catalysts is assigned to the CÀ OÀ C stretching vibration of methylene ether bridges. [34] It is noteworthy that another different peaks at about 1630 cm À 1 and 1390 cm À 1 can be found on Fe/mesC catalyst, which belongs to the antisymmetric stretching and symmetric stretching band of COO-in COOH group, respectively. [35] Moreover, the peak at 800 cm À 1 in fingerprint area further proves the existence of COOH in Fe/ mesC catalysts.…”