Morphology and phylogeny of Prorocentrum caipirignum sp. nov. (Dinophyceae), a new tropical toxic benthic dinoflagellate

Nascimento, Silvia M.; Mendes, Marco; Menezes, Mariângela; Rodrı́guez, Francisco; Alves‐de‐Souza, Catharina; Branco, Suema; Riobó, Pilar; Franco, José M.; Nunes, José Marcos C.; Huk, Mariusz; Morris, Steven; Fraga, Santiago

doi:10.1016/j.hal.2017.11.001

Cited by 36 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Generally, morphological and molecular comparisons of P. lima and P. caipirignum are comparable to those previously described (Nagahama et al, 2011;Luo et al, 2014;Zhang et al, 2015;Nascimento et al, 2017;Chomérat et al, 2018). While previous morphological comparison has revealed similarity in the thecal pores of P. lima and P. caipirignum (Nascimento et al, 2017), we observed the distinct shape of thecal pores in the two species: kidney-shaped to elongated pores in P. caipirignum while small and round pores in P. lima. The marginal pores, although present in both species, the arrangement in P. lima is more compact compared to that of P. caipirignum.…”

Section: Taxonomic Remarks Of Two Toxic Prorocentrum Species Found Insupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Platelet arrangement and patterns on the periflagellar area are often used to support the delineation of Prorocentrum species, such as P. caipirignum and P. lima (Nascimento et al, 2017). As in this study, distinct patterns were observed between P. malayense and its most closely related taxon, P. leve (Fig.…”

Section: Morphological and Molecular Distinction Between P Malayensesupporting

confidence: 60%

“…In this study, only P. lima and P. caipirignum have been confirmed to produce OA. Erection of P. caipirignum and its status in the P. lima complex was first clarified by Nascimento et al (2017). Intriguingly, both P. lima and P. caipirignum in this study have been found in the same locality, allowing us to investigate and compare the two species morphologically and phylogenetically.…”

Section: Taxonomic Remarks Of Two Toxic Prorocentrum Species Found Inmentioning

confidence: 71%

“…The results of this study further supported the identity of P. caipirignum by comparing it with the closest species, P. lima, collected from the same water. Meanwhile, this study has expanded available taxonomic information by showing the consistency in some morphological traits (e.g., cell shapes as shown in Nascimento et al, 2017), adding also the information of the newly observed features of periflagellar area and pore shapes.…”

Section: Taxonomic Remarks Of Two Toxic Prorocentrum Species Found Inmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Likewise, molecular data have been used in evaluating species crypticity of Prorocentrum, allowing better taxonomic decision, for example, the erection of P. caipirignum from the P. lima complex sensu lato (s.l.) (Nascimento et al, 2017).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Taxonomy and toxicity of Prorocentrum from Perhentian Islands (Malaysia), with a description of a non-toxigenic species Prorocentrum malayense sp. nov. (Dinophyceae)

Lim

Luo²,

Lee

et al. 2019

Harmful Algae

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A B S T R A C TThirteen isolates of Prorocentrum species were established from the coral reefs of Perhentian Islands Marine Park, Malaysia and underwent morphological observations and molecular characterization. Six species were found: P. caipirignum, P. concavum, P. cf. emarginatum, P. lima, P. mexicanum and a new morphotype, herein designated as P. malayense sp. nov. Prorocentrum malayense, a species closely related to P. leve, P. cf. foraminosum, P. sp. aff. foraminossum, and P. concavum (Clade A sensu Chomérat et al. 2018), is distinguished from its congeners as having larger thecal pore size and a more deeply excavated V-shaped periflagellar area. Platelet arrangement in the periflagellar area of P. malayense is unique, with the presence of platelet 1a and 1b, platelet 2 being the most anterior platelet, and a broad calabash-shaped platelet 3. The species exhibits consistent genetic sequence divergences for the nuclear-encoded large subunit ribosomal RNA gene (LSU rDNA) and the second internal transcribed spacer (ITS2). The phylogenetic inferences further confirmed that it represents an independent lineage, closely related to species in Clade A sensu Chomérat et al. Pairwise comparison of ITS2 transcripts with its closest relatives revealed the presence of compensatory base changes (CBCs). Toxicity analysis showed detectable levels of okadaic acid in P. lima (1.0-1.6 pg cell ˗1 ) and P. caipirignum (3.1 pg cell ˗1 ); this is the first report of toxigenic P. caipirignum in the Southeast Asian region. Other Prorocentrum species tested, including the new species, however, were below the detection limit.

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Section: Taxonomic Remarks Of Two Toxic Prorocentrum Species Found Insupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Morphological and Molecular Distinction Between P Malayensesupporting

confidence: 60%

Section: Taxonomic Remarks Of Two Toxic Prorocentrum Species Found Inmentioning

confidence: 71%

Section: Taxonomic Remarks Of Two Toxic Prorocentrum Species Found Inmentioning

confidence: 88%

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confidence: 99%

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Taxonomy and toxicity of Prorocentrum from Perhentian Islands (Malaysia), with a description of a non-toxigenic species Prorocentrum malayense sp. nov. (Dinophyceae)

Lim

Luo²,

Lee

et al. 2019

Harmful Algae

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Taxonomy and toxin profile of harmful benthic Prorocentrum (Dinophyceae) species from the Xisha Islands, South China Sea

Zou

Liu

et al. 2021

J. Ocean. Limnol.

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Biodiversity and distribution of benthic dinoflagellates in tropical Zhongsha Islands, South China Sea

et al. 2022

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Morphology and phylogeny of Prorocentrum caipirignum sp. nov. (Dinophyceae), a new tropical toxic benthic dinoflagellate

Cited by 36 publications

References 41 publications

Taxonomy and toxicity of Prorocentrum from Perhentian Islands (Malaysia), with a description of a non-toxigenic species Prorocentrum malayense sp. nov. (Dinophyceae)

Taxonomy and toxicity of Prorocentrum from Perhentian Islands (Malaysia), with a description of a non-toxigenic species Prorocentrum malayense sp. nov. (Dinophyceae)

Taxonomy and toxin profile of harmful benthic Prorocentrum (Dinophyceae) species from the Xisha Islands, South China Sea

Biodiversity and distribution of benthic dinoflagellates in tropical Zhongsha Islands, South China Sea

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