Morphology and morphogenesis of a new soil urostylid ciliate, with the establishment of a new genus Caudiurostyla gen. nov. (Ciliophora, Hypotrichia)

Lyu, Zhao; Li, Jingbao; Zhu, Erkang; Shao, Chen

doi:10.1016/j.ejop.2018.09.009

Cited by 11 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Hypotrichia are a group with the most complex morphology and morphogenesis within the ciliated protists. They are thus increasingly recognized as being of significance to the study of cell biology, genetics and ecology [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The insights into the systematic relationship of Gastrostyla-affinitive genera, with report on a new saline soil ciliate genus and new species (Protozoa, Ciliophora)

Wang

Al‐Farraj

et al. 2020

BMC Evol Biol

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Background: Hypotrichia are a group with the most complex morphology and morphogenesis within the ciliated protists. The classification of Gastrostyla-like species, a taxonomically difficult group of hypotrichs with a common ventral cirral pattern but various dorsal and ontogenetic patterns, is poorly understood. Hence, systematic relationships within this group and with other taxa in the subclass Hypotrichia remain unresolved. Results: 18S rRNA gene sequence of a new Gastrostyla-like taxon was obtained. Phylogenetic analyses based on the 18S rRNA gene sequences indicate that this ciliate represents a new genus that is closely related to Heterourosomoida and Kleinstyla within the oxytrichid clade of the Hypotrichia. However, the position of this cluster remains unresolved. All three genera deviate from the typical oxytrichids by their incomplete (or lack of) dorsal kinety fragmentation during morphogenesis. Morphology and morphogenesis of this newly discovered form, Heterogastrostyla salina nov. gen., nov. spec., are described. Heterogastrostyla nov. gen., is characterised as follows: more than 18 fronto-ventral-transverse cirri, cirral anlagen V and VI develop pretransverse cirri, and dorsal ciliature in Urosomoida-like pattern. Conclusions: Similar to the CEUU-hypothesis about convergent evolution of urostylids and uroleptids, we speculate that the shared ventral cirral patterns of Gastrostyla-like taxa might have resulted from convergent evolution.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The insights into the systematic relationship of Gastrostyla-affinitive genera, with report on a new saline soil ciliate genus and new species (Protozoa, Ciliophora)

Wang

Al‐Farraj

et al. 2020

BMC Evol Biol

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“…As the most diverse linages of ciliates, the subclass Hypotrichia Stein, 1859 has been the subject of much research. A consistent focus in that research has been the use of silver staining methods to reveal species characteristics that are important for taxonomic classification and for determining the morphogenetic processes, as well as the use of molecular technologies to reveal their evolutionary relationships [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25]. And even so, overall previous findings failed to recover the monophyly of Hypotrichia and the classification, validity, delimitation and phylogenetic relationships among and within these groups remains problematic [26,27].…”

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confidence: 99%

Cell-division pattern and phylogenetic position of a new ciliate genus Parasincirra n. g. (Protista, Ciliophora, Hypotrichia), with report of a new soil species, P. sinica n. sp. found from northwest China

Zhao

Zhang

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Ciliated species, unicellular eukaryotes, are extremely diverse and occupy a very broad spectrum of ecological niches. Even though there is a growing recognition that enormous ciliates associates with key ecosystem processes in different niches, their diversity is not well understood. One reason is that ciliates are very tiny and may often be overlooked in routine biodiversity survey. Furthermore, the morphological and genetic diversity of ciliates per se is vast and dwarfs that among other multicellular eukaryotes. Here, we present the study of a new stichotrichid ciliate, Parasincirra sinica n. g., n. sp. based on classical living morphology, infraciliature, ontogenesis analyses and a comprehensive phylogenetic study, and enhance understanding of ciliates diversity in sludge soil. This new, monotypic genus is defined by having a bipartite adoral zone of membranelles, three frontal cirri, an amphisiellid median cirral row about as long as, or slightly longer than, the adoral zone, one short frontoventral cirral row, cirrus III/2 and transverse cirri present, buccal cirrus and caudal cirri absent, three dorsal kineties. The main morphogenetic features are: (1) five frontoventral-transverse cirral anlagen (excluding undulating membranes anlage) are formed in primary mode; (2) the amphisiellid median cirral row is formed by anlagen V and VI, while the frontoventral row is generated from anlage IV; (3) cirral streaks IV to VI generate one transverse cirrus each; (4) frontoventral-transverse cirral anlage II generates one or two cirri, while the posterior one will be absorbed in late stages, that is, no buccal cirrus is formed; (5) the posterior part of the parental adoral zone of membranelles is renewed; (6) dorsal morphogenesis follows a typical Gonostomum -pattern. Based on the SSU rDNA information, analyses of the phylogenetic relationship inferred from Bayesian inference and maximum likelihood analyses were unable to outline the exact position of this new form among some other species of related genera which are generally assigned in the family Amphisiellida . The morphological/ morphogenetical differences between the new genus/species and Uroleptoides / Parabistichella , as well as other amphisiellids, clearly support the validity of the establishment of this new genus Parasincirra .

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“…As the most diverse linages of ciliates, the subclass Hypotrichia Stein, 1859 has been the subject of much research. A consistent focus in that research has been the use of silver staining methods to reveal species characteristics that are important for taxonomic classification and for determining the morphogenetic processes, as well as the use of molecular technologies to reveal their evolutionary relationships [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24]. And even so, overall previous findings failed to recover the monophyly of Hypotrichia and the classification, validity, delimitation and phylogenetic relationships among and within these groups remains problematic [25,26].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cell-division pattern and phylogenetic position of a new ciliate genus Parasincirra n. g. (Protista, Ciliophora, Hypotrichia), with report of a new soil species, P. sinica n. sp. found from northwest China

Zhao

Zhang

et al. 2019

Preprint

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Ciliated species, unicellular eukaryotes, are extremely diverse and occupy a very broad spectrum of ecological niches. Even though there is a growing recognition that enormous ciliates associates with key ecosystem processes in different niches, their diversity is not well understood. One reason is that ciliates are very tiny and may often be overlooked in routine biodiversity survey. Furthermore, the morphological and genetic diversity of ciliates per se is vast and dwarfs that among other multicellular eukaryotes. A new stichotrichid ciliate, Parasincirra sinica n. g., n. sp. is based on classical living morphology, infraciliature, ontogenesis analyses and a comprehensive phylogenetic studies, and enhance understanding of ciliates diversity in sludge soil.Results This new, monotypic genus is defined by having a bipartite adoral zone of membranelles, three frontal cirri, an amphisiellid median cirral row about as long as, or slightly longer than, the adoral zone, one short frontoventral cirral row, cirrus III/2 and transverse cirri present, buccal cirrus and caudal cirri absent, one right and one left marginal row and three dorsal kineties. The morphogenetic features are: (1) five frontoventral-transverse cirral anlagen (excluding undulating membranes anlage) are formed in primary mode; (2) the amphisiellid median cirral row is formed by anlagen V and VI, while the frontoventral row is generated from anlage IV; (3) cirral streaks IV to VI generate one transverse cirrus each; (4) frontoventral-transverse cirral anlage II generates one or two cirri, while the posterior one will be absorbed in late stages, that is, no buccal cirrus is formed; (5) the posterior part of the parental adoral zone of membranelles is renewed; (6) dorsal morphogenesis follows a typical Gonostomum -pattern; and (7) the macronuclear nodules fuse to form a single mass. Based on the SSU rDNA information, analyses of the phylogenetic relationship inferred from Bayesian inference and maximum likelihood analyses were unable to outline the exact position of this new form among some other species of related genera which are generally assigned in the family Amphisiellida. The morphological/ morphogenetical differences between the new genus/species and other amphisiellids, clearly support the validity of the establishment of this new genus Parasincirra .

show abstract

Morphology and morphogenesis of a new soil urostylid ciliate, with the establishment of a new genus Caudiurostyla gen. nov. (Ciliophora, Hypotrichia)

Cited by 11 publications

References 27 publications

The insights into the systematic relationship of Gastrostyla-affinitive genera, with report on a new saline soil ciliate genus and new species (Protozoa, Ciliophora)

The insights into the systematic relationship of Gastrostyla-affinitive genera, with report on a new saline soil ciliate genus and new species (Protozoa, Ciliophora)

Cell-division pattern and phylogenetic position of a new ciliate genus Parasincirra n. g. (Protista, Ciliophora, Hypotrichia), with report of a new soil species, P. sinica n. sp. found from northwest China

Cell-division pattern and phylogenetic position of a new ciliate genus Parasincirra n. g. (Protista, Ciliophora, Hypotrichia), with report of a new soil species, P. sinica n. sp. found from northwest China

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