Morphology and mechanical performance of polyphenylenesulfide carbon fiber composite

Abstract

This paper presents the influence of fibers on crystallization kinetics and on matrix morphology for poly(pheny1ene sulfide)/carbon composite. The following parameters were also considered: thermal stability, fusion/crystallization conditions and surface treatment of carbon fibers. In order to correlate these results with mechanical properties, composite samples were prepared and tested in both static and dynamic modes. The delamination resistance of the composite in shear Mode I1 is also discussed.

A Review of the Measurement and Development of Crystallinity and Its Relation to Properties in Neat Poly(phenylene Sulfide) and Its Fiber Reinforced Composites

“…The data in Figure 12 were obtained using a melt holding temperature of 310°C for the lower M w resin and 320°C for the higher M w resin. Budgell and Day, 24 Caramaro et al 57 and Auer et al 35 demonstrated that the rate of crystallization is dependent on the precrystallization melt holding temperature and time. Higher melt holding temperature up to about 330°C (for short periods) tends to increase the time required to crystallize PPS.…”

“…Another factor may be the melt holding temperature prior to cooling to the crystallization temperature. Caramaro et al 57 found that crystallization half time was substantially shorter when the samples were held at 300°C compared to holding at 350°C prior to cooling. They also noted that carbon fiber reduced the half-time when their samples were held at 350°C, but had no effect when the samples were held at 300°C.…”

Crystallization kinetics of PPS composites and quantification of fiber nucleation density using a computer simulation

“…It was concluded that the acceleration in crystallization rate occurred because the glass fibers serve as nucleating agents for PPS. The effects of carbon fibers on the crystallization kinetics of PPS were investigated by both Kenny and Maffezzoli4 and Caramar0 et al 5 In their study, Kenny and Maffezzoli4 found that the presence of carbon fibers slowed the isothermal crystallization of PPS. In addition, the Avrami exponent of PPS in carbon fiber composites was lower than the Avrami exponent of the unreinforced polymer.…”

Effect of thermal treatment on the tensile and in‐plane shear behavior of carbon fiber‐reinforced poly(phenylene sulfide) composite specimens

“…Reinforcing fibers influence the crystallinity growth rate and degree of crystallinity depending on type of fibers (e.g., Ref. 16) and holding temperature of the melt 17 and seem also to reduce the Avrami exponent's value. 18 The melt holding temperature has been found to influence number, location, and site of the spherulites, which influence appreciably the overall rate of crystallization; composites processed at higher melting temperatures exhibited larger spherulites far from the fibers and trans-crystalline growth morphology near the fibers.…”

“…18 The melt holding temperature has been found to influence number, location, and site of the spherulites, which influence appreciably the overall rate of crystallization; composites processed at higher melting temperatures exhibited larger spherulites far from the fibers and trans-crystalline growth morphology near the fibers. 17 On the other hand, heating near or over the melting point may initiate a chemical reaction involving breaking of the C bond to the element characterizing the molecule (e.g., the CÀ ÀS bond for the PPS matrix) and crosslinking of the chains at the amorphous regions of the resin 9,10,13,19 ; it increases viscosity and makes processing of the melt difficult.…”