Morphology and density of glandular trichomes in populations of Mexican oregano (Lippia graveolens H.B.K., Verbenaceae), and the relationship between trichome density and climate<sup>1</sup>

Martínez-Natarén, Daniela A.; Parra-Tabla, Vı́ctor; Dzib, Gabriel; Calvo-Irabién, Luz María

doi:10.3159/torrey-d-10-00007.1

Cited by 20 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…The glandular trichomes found in the leaves analyzed in the present study morphologically resemble the trichomes described in other species belonging to genus Lippia (Argyropoulou et al 2010;Martínez-Natarén et al 2011;Tozin et al 2015). This genus is characterized by the presence of a globose structure (uni-or multicellular), whose function lies on storing and secreting fluids, as well as by the peduncle projection through the epidermal cell.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

Controlling hyperhydricity in micropropagated plants of Lippia grata Schauer (Verbenaceae), a native species of a dry seasonal tropical forest with pharmacological potential

et al. 2018

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The present study is to assess the morphophysiological development in vitro of Lippia grata Schauer, an endemic ''Caatinga'' species that shows pharmacological properties. Young cuttings containing nodal segments were divided into three explant types, namely E1 (apical bud), E2 (nodal segment below the apical bud) and E3 (nodal segment below E2); the explants were inoculated in MS medium supplemented with antioxidant compound (polyvinylpyrrolidone) or adsorbing agent (activated charcoal). The survival index, the occurrence of oxidation, contamination and the number of leaves and sprouts were assessed. The explants were cultivated in MS medium supplemented with polyethylene glycol 6000 (0, 0.5 and 1 g L-1) and closed with aluminum foil (total sealing) or with aluminum foil containing one hole (partial sealing), in the multiplication stage, due to hyperhydricity in vitro. Histological and biometric analyses were performed at the 45th cultivation day, as well as the analyses of antioxidative enzyme, and hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde levels. Normal leaves have presented greater organization and cellular development than hyperhydric leaves. The use of antioxidants was not efficient to control the oxidation of inoculated apical buds (E1), only. The lowest hyperhydricity rates in the multiplication stage were found in the partial sealing treatments; however, the total sealing of tubes, in combination with the PEG addition, has led to increased lipid peroxidation. In view of the results, it is concluded that the explant types, as well as the suitability of a functional gas exchange system in vitro, have favored the growth and development of cells and tissues, thus attenuating the hyperhydricity symptoms. In addition, this study demonstrates the suitability of the culture system through the facilitation of gas exchange allows the use of the protocol for in vitro propagation without compromising the leaf morphoanatomy.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

Controlling hyperhydricity in micropropagated plants of Lippia grata Schauer (Verbenaceae), a native species of a dry seasonal tropical forest with pharmacological potential

et al. 2018

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“…Some other species have trichomes present only on its lower leaf surface such as C. vulgare and S. moorcroftiana . The density of trichomes mainly associated with the eco‐climatic region, that is, lower trichomes density is associated with higher aridity levels and greater density in more humid sites (Martínez‐Natarén, Parra‐Tabla, Dzib, & Calvo‐Irabién, ). In our taxa, the highest trichomes density was found in S. aegyptiaca which grows in an arid environment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Taxonomic significance of foliar epidermal morphology in Lamiaceae from Pakistan

Gul

Ahmad

Zafar

et al. 2019

Microscopy Res & Technique

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Foliar micromorphological features are useful to elucidate the taxonomy and systematics of the Lamiaceae species. Leaf epidermal morphology using scanning electron microscopy and light microscopy of 22 Lamiaceae species from 15 genera have been investigated with an aim to solve its taxonomic problem in the correct identification. Various foliar micromorphological features were observed to explain their importance in resolving the correct identification of Lamiaceae taxa. Two main types of trichomes were observed; glandular trichomes (GTs) and nonglandular trichomes (NGTs). GTs were further divided into seven subtypes including the capitate, subsessile capitate, sessile capitate, sunken, barrel, peltate, and clavate. Similarly, NGTs were also divided into simple unicellular and multicellular including conical, falcate, cylindrical, dendrite, papillose, and short hook shape. Quantitative measurement includes the length and width of the trichomes, stomatal complex, epidermal cells, stomata, and trichomes index. Based on the foliar micromorphological characters, a taxonomic key was developed to delimit and correctly identify studied taxa. Further molecular, other anatomical and phylogenetic studies are recommended to strengthen the systematics of Lamiaceae.

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“…These different plant parts are commonly used because they contain high concentrations of secondary metabolites or phytochemicals, which are secreted in response to physiological and ecological pressures such as pathogens, insects, temperature extremes, and UV radiation. [20][21][22] Plant leaves have been identified as the most flexible and adaptive part of a plant in response to changing environmental conditions 23 ; thus the histology of the leaf reveals more dynamics than that of the root and stem 24,25 . Leaves of L. javanica contain trichomes which are specialised hairs on the adaxial and abaxial leaf surfaces.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Leaves of L. javanica contain trichomes which are specialised hairs on the adaxial and abaxial leaf surfaces. [25][26][27] Glandular trichomes are an essential organ in the Verbenaceae family. 26 These trichomes secrete and store phytochemicals that contain medicinal properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…26 These trichomes secrete and store phytochemicals that contain medicinal properties. [25][26][27] The density of trichomes on leaves is dependent on the environmental conditions to which the plant is exposed. 25 The harsher the environmental conditions, the greater the density of trichomes, because trichomes increase the production of essential oils, flavonoids and phenolics which increase the plasticity of the plant.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effect of elevated temperatures on trichomes, essential oil composition and yield of Lippia javanica: A chemometric approach

et al. 2023

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Extreme changes in climate, especially in temperature, could have implications for herbal plants in various world regions. Medicinal plants often produce a wide variety of natural phytochemicals to enhance their defence and survival mechanisms against harsh environmental conditions, and when these mechanisms fail, plants consequently die. We investigated the impact of high temperatures coupled with the specific duration of exposure on the yield and composition of essential oils and trichomes in leaves of Lippia javanica. Plants were exposed to increasing temperatures (25 °C to 47 °C) for different durations (48 h to 144 h). Response surface methodology was applied to assess the interaction between temperature and length of exposure on the essential oil yield, trichome length, and trichome diameter. Essential oils were recovered from the control and treated leaf samples using hydrodistillation and volatile compounds were identified through gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Multivariate analysis modelling allowed different clustering patterns to be detected. That is, increasing temperatures raised the oil yield, trichome length, and diameter from 1.007 mg/100 g to 3.58 mg/100 g, 50 µm to 160 µm, and 25 µm to 60 µm, respectively. Significant chemical differences between the essential oils were confirmed by the principal component and orthogonal projections to latent structures, which identified separate clusters for the control and treated samples. The current findings indicate that L. javanica has coping mechanisms against high temperatures.

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Morphology and density of glandular trichomes in populations of Mexican oregano (Lippia graveolens H.B.K., Verbenaceae), and the relationship between trichome density and climate¹

Cited by 20 publications

References 50 publications

Controlling hyperhydricity in micropropagated plants of Lippia grata Schauer (Verbenaceae), a native species of a dry seasonal tropical forest with pharmacological potential

Controlling hyperhydricity in micropropagated plants of Lippia grata Schauer (Verbenaceae), a native species of a dry seasonal tropical forest with pharmacological potential

Taxonomic significance of foliar epidermal morphology in Lamiaceae from Pakistan

The effect of elevated temperatures on trichomes, essential oil composition and yield of Lippia javanica: A chemometric approach

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Morphology and density of glandular trichomes in populations of Mexican oregano (Lippia graveolens H.B.K., Verbenaceae), and the relationship between trichome density and climate1

Cited by 20 publications

References 50 publications

Controlling hyperhydricity in micropropagated plants of Lippia grata Schauer (Verbenaceae), a native species of a dry seasonal tropical forest with pharmacological potential

Controlling hyperhydricity in micropropagated plants of Lippia grata Schauer (Verbenaceae), a native species of a dry seasonal tropical forest with pharmacological potential

Taxonomic significance of foliar epidermal morphology in Lamiaceae from Pakistan

The effect of elevated temperatures on trichomes, essential oil composition and yield of Lippia javanica: A chemometric approach

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Morphology and density of glandular trichomes in populations of Mexican oregano (Lippia graveolens H.B.K., Verbenaceae), and the relationship between trichome density and climate¹