Morphology and Biochemistry of the Pork Tapeworm, Taenia solium

Willms, Kaethe

doi:10.2174/156802608783790875

Cited by 26 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 61 publications

(63 reference statements)

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“…Cysticerci consist of two main parts, the vesicular wall and the scolex [11]. After entering the central nervous system, cysticerci are in a vesicular (viable) stage in which the parasites have a transparent membrane, a clear vesicular fluid, and a normal invaginated scolex.…”

Section: Etiopathogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurocysticercosis: A Review

Brutto

2012

The Scientific World Journal

164

171

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Neuroysticercosis is the most common helminthic infection of the nervous system, and a leading cause of acquired epilepsy worldwide. The disease occurs when humans become intermediate hosts of Taenia solium by ingesting its eggs from contaminated food or, most often, directly from a taenia carrier by the fecal-to-oral route. Cysticerci may be located in brain parenchyma, subarachnoid space, ventricular system, or spinal cord, causing pathological changes that are responsible for the pleomorphism of neurocysticercosis. Seizures are the most common clinical manifestation, but many patients present with focal deficits, intracranial hypertension, or cognitive decline. Accurate diagnosis of neurocysticercosis is possible after interpretation of clinical data together with findings of neuroimaging studies and results of immunological tests. The introduction of cysticidal drugs have changed the prognosis of most patients with neurocysticercosis. These drugs have shown to reduce the burden of infection in the brain and to improve the clinical course of the disease in most patients. Further efforts should be directed to eradicate the disease through the implementation of control programs against all the interrelated steps in the life cycle of T. solium, including human carriers of the adult tapeworm, infected pigs, and eggs in the environment.

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Section: Etiopathogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurocysticercosis: A Review

Brutto

2012

The Scientific World Journal

164

171

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“…Thereafter the wall of the cyst thickens and the scolex is transformed into mineralized granules (granular stage) which are no longer viable. At the end the parasite remnants appear as a calcified nodule (calcified stage) [1, 4]. The inflammatory response elicited by the vesicular stage is minimal but in the colloidal stage they are surrounded by a collagen capsule and mononuclear inflammatory reaction that includes the parasite itself.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurocysticercosis, Meningioma, and Silent Corticotroph Pituitary Adenoma in a 61-Year-Old Woman

Ramirez

Restrepo

Syro

et al. 2012

Case Reports in Pathology

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We report here the case of a 61-year-old woman who presented with hydrocephalus and cystic and solid lesions in sella turcica, suprasellar areas, and third ventricle. After ventriculoperitoneal shunt she developed cognitive changes and the cystic lesions enlarged. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrated multiple cysts and a solid lesion in the sella and around the anterior clinoid process. With diagnosis of neurocysticercosis she underwent craniotomy. Pathologic examination documented two different lesions: viable and dead cysticerci with inflaming infiltration and a left anterior clinoidal meningioma. At the second surgery, six weeks later via transnasal transsphenoidal approach a silent corticotroph pituitary adenoma was removed which was studied by histology, immunohistochemistry, and electron microscopy. To our knowledge, the occurrence of these three different lesions in the sellar area was not described before.

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“…A coordinated activation and deactivation of suckers enables directional movement in leech. The tapeworm Taenia solium (parasites of human gut) uses four suckers around the head to approach the gut wall and a set of hooks to fix onto it [8][9]. Most prominently, octopus arms are equipped with one or two rows of suckers [10] that are controlled independently [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anchoring like octopus: biologically inspired soft artificial sucker

Sareh

Althoefer

et al. 2017

J. R. Soc. Interface.

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This paper presents a robotic anchoring module, a sensorised mechanism for attachment to the environment that can be integrated into robots to enable or enhance various functions such as robot mobility, remaining on location or its ability to manipulate objects. The body of the anchoring module consists of two portions with a mechanical stiffness transition from hard to soft. The hard portion is capable of containing vacuum pressure used for actuation whilst the soft portion is highly conformable to create a seal to contact surfaces. The module is integrated with a single sensory unit which exploits a fibre optic sensing principle to seamlessly measure proximity and tactile information for use in robot motion planning as well as measuring the state of firmness of its anchor. In an experiment, a variable set of physical loads representing the weights of potential robot bodies were attached to the module and its ability to maintain the anchor was quantified under constant and variable vacuum pressure signals. The experiment shows the effectiveness of the module in quantifying the state of firmness of the anchor and discriminating between different amounts of physical loads attached to it. The proposed anchoring module can enable many industrial and medical applications where attachment to environment is of crucial importance for robot control.

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Morphology and Biochemistry of the Pork Tapeworm, Taenia solium

Cited by 26 publications

References 61 publications

Neurocysticercosis: A Review

Neurocysticercosis: A Review

Neurocysticercosis, Meningioma, and Silent Corticotroph Pituitary Adenoma in a 61-Year-Old Woman

Anchoring like octopus: biologically inspired soft artificial sucker

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