Morphology and anatomy of the Cordia trichotoma (Vell.) Arrab. ex I. M. Johnst diaspore (Boraginaceae)

Abstract

ABSTRACT

Morphological and anatomical features of the flowers and fruits during the development of Chamissoa altissima (Jacq.) Kunth (Amaranthaceae)

“…In the literature, there are several examples in which the perianth/perigone may serve as a protective organ as well as a means of seed dispersal at fruit maturity, as for instance in Asteraceae, Boraginanaceae, Verbenaceae and Nyctaginaceae (Roth, 1977;Souza, 2006Souza, , 2008. In C. altissima, the tepals initially acted as protective and photosynthetic functions and after acquiring the red color it should act in the seed dispersal.…”

The genus Cordia: botanists, ethno, chemical and pharmacological aspects

“…trichotoma, popularly known as "louro-pardo," is distributed in Brazil from Ceará to Rio Grande do Sul states, but can also be found in Argentina, Paraguay and southern Bolivia. It is extensively utilized as an ornamental plant and is indicated principally for reforestation and recovery of degraded areas (Freitas et al, 2006(Freitas et al, , 2008Mendonç a et al, 2001;Souza, 2008). C. curassavica occurs in Brazil from the Amazon region to the state of Rio Grande do Sul, normally 500-1000 m from the shoreline (Bayeux et al, 2002).…”

Observations on flower and fruit anatomy in dioecious species of Cordia (Cordiaceae, Boraginales) with evolutionary interpretations

“…Anatomically, the Myxa clade is unexplored, and we aim at better knowledge of the structural basis of dioecy. We compare our results to the available data of other Cordiaceae (Heigl et al, 2020;de Souza, 2008) and close relatives such as Ehretiaceae (Gottschling, 2004;Gottschling et al, 2014), Heliotropiaceae (Hilger, 1987(Hilger, , 1992Jeiter et al, 2018) and Hydrophyllaceae (Hofmann, 1999;Vasile et al, 2021) to shed light on the rise of an important sexual system present in angiosperms.…”

“…Irrespectively of this anatomical distinctiveness, the fruit develops to a red-coloured drupe at maturity (Warfa, 1989;Verdcourt, 1991) as in other species of Cordia. Moreover, the number of seeds per fruit is frequently one in Cordiaceae (Heigl et al, 2020;Luebert et al, 2016;de Souza, 2008). All three species studied here show deviations from this rule: Usually, more than a single ovule develops, and fruits regularly contain two if not three seeds (Martins, 1990;Mez, 1890).…”

“…Considerable knowledge has been gained of the developing gynoecium in the PWB (Gottschling, 2004;Gottschling et al, 2014;Heigl et al, 2020;Hilger, 1987Hilger, , 1992Jeiter et al, 2018;Pitot, 1939;de Souza, 2008). The internal architecture is complex and results from the development of several septa, including apical and false septa, which promote the formation of the locules and seed chambers.…”