Morphologically tailored activated carbon derived from waste tires as high-performance anode for Li-ion battery

Shilpa, .; Kumar, Rudra; Sharma, Ashutosh

doi:10.1007/s10800-017-1129-3

Cited by 52 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…During chemical activation, the carbon material is impregnated with a chemical activation agent (acid or alkali) before carbonization [ 19 , 21 ]. A variety of chemical agents have been used, including KOH as a high surface area promoter [ 19 , 21 , 22 , 23 ] and H 2 SO 4 as a porosity controller [ 24 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis, Purification, and Characterization of Carbon Dots from Non-Activated and Activated Pyrolytic Carbon Black

et al. 2022

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In this work, carbon dots were created from activated and non-activated pyrolytic carbon black obtained from waste tires, which were then chemically oxidized with HNO3. The effects caused to the carbon dot properties were analyzed in detail through characterization techniques such as ion chromatography; UV–visible, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and Raman spectroscopy; ζ potential; transmission electron microscopy (TEM); and spectrofluorometry. The presence of functional groups on the surface of all carbon dots was revealed by UV–visible, FTIR, XPS, and Raman spectra. The higher oxidation degrees of carbon dots from activated precursors compared to those from nonactivated precursors resulted in differences in photoluminescence (PL) properties such as bathochromic shift, lower intensity, and excitation-dependent behavior. The results demonstrate that the use of an activating agent in the recovery of pyrolytic carbon black resulted in carbon dots with different PL properties. In addition, a dialysis methodology is proposed to overcome purification obstacles, finding that 360 h were required to obtain pure carbon dots synthesized by a chemical oxidation method.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis, Purification, and Characterization of Carbon Dots from Non-Activated and Activated Pyrolytic Carbon Black

et al. 2022

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“…However, these applications do not appear as sustainable solutions, and therefore, proper recycling of used tires has become a critical issue. With high carbon content up to 75% in the tires, production of activated carbon can be rewarding as it can be used for various applications ranging from a pollutant adsorbent to electrodes for energy devices such as supercapacitors and sodium or lithium ion batteries. , …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tire Waste Derived Turbostratic Carbon as an Electrode for a Vanadium Redox Flow Battery

Kumar

Bhuvana

Sharma

2018

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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For the first time, we report the synthesis of turbostratic carbon derived from tire waste with high surface area and its utilization as an electrode material in vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFBs). The tire waste carbon was initially subjected to acid demineralization followed by KOH activation wherein the carbon to KOH ratio was varied (1:1, 1:2, and 1:5), and the electrochemical performance toward VO2+/VO2 +, V3+/V4+, and V2+/V3+ redox reactions was investigated. The turbostratic nature of carbon derived from tire waste was confirmed by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Raman spectroscopy. Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) measurements revealed the surface area was as high as 875 m2·g–1 for the 1:5 KOH activated sample. The electrochemical performance of pretreated carbon (TW) and turbostratic carbon (1:1, 1:2, and 1:5) was compared by cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and galvanostatic charge–discharge methods. Our results indicated that the 1:5 KOH activated electrode exhibited the highest surface area and performed much better than the other ratios in terms of overall electrochemical performance including high peak current, less peak potential difference, low polarization potential, small charge-transfer resistance, high charge–discharge capacity, high Coulombic efficiency, and high energy efficiency. Further, a full cell was fabricated and its electrochemical performance was tested. The results indicated impressive electrochemical performance with Coulombic efficiency as 87% at 10 mA·cm–2 along with stable cycling behavior up to 200 cycles, thus signifying the tire waste derived turbostratic carbon offers great promise as high-performance electrodes for VRFB applications.

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“…Chemical activation consists of the impregnation of waste tire powder with a chemical agent prior to carbonization [20]. A wide variety of chemical agents have been used with the aim of activating waste tire powders, including H 2 SO 4 [22,23], H 2 O 2 [24], H 3 PO 4 [24,25], HCl [23], and KOH [18,[25][26][27][28][29]. The nature of the activating agent has a strong effect on carbon black characteristics [30].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Applications of pyrolytic carbon from waste tires have centered around its use as reinforcement on the rubber industry [31] and as an adsorbent [32]. However, some studies have explored energy-storage applications [22,28,29,33], and some other studies suggest the use of pyrolytic carbon black from tires as a precursor for nanomaterials for sensors and batteries, among other applications [34,35]. In particular, carbon dots, nanomaterials with a size below 10 nm and a quasi-spherical shape, have assumed relevance in different areas due to their fluorescence and biocompatibility properties [36][37][38][39].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Chemically Activated Pyrolytic Carbon Black Derived from Waste Tires as a Candidate for Nanomaterial Precursor

et al. 2020

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Pyrolysis is a feasible solution for environmental problems related to the inadequate disposal of waste tires, as it leads to the recovery of pyrolytic products such as carbon black, liquid fuels and gases. The characteristics of pyrolytic carbon black can be enhanced through chemical activation in order to produce the required properties for its application. In the search to make the waste tire pyrolysis process profitable, new applications of the pyrolytic solid products have been explored, such as for the fabrication of energy-storage devices and precursor in the synthesis of nanomaterials. In this study, waste tires powder was chemically activated using acid (H2SO4) and/or alkali (KOH) to recover pyrolytic carbon black with different characteristics. H2SO4 removed surface impurities more thoroughly, improving the carbon black’s surface area, while KOH increased its oxygen content, which improved the carbon black’s stability in water suspension. Pyrolytic carbon black was fully characterized by elemental analysis, inductively coupled plasma–optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), N2 adsorption/desorption, scanning electron microscopy–energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and ζ potential measurement. In addition, the pyrolytic carbon black was used to explore its feasibility as a precursor for the synthesis of carbon dots; synthesized carbon dots were analyzed preliminarily by SEM and with a fluorescence microplate reader, revealing differences in their morphology and fluorescence intensity. The results presented in this study demonstrate the effect of the activating agent on pyrolytic carbon black from waste tires and provide evidence of the feasibility of using waste tires for the synthesis of nanomaterials such as carbon dots.

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Morphologically tailored activated carbon derived from waste tires as high-performance anode for Li-ion battery

Cited by 52 publications

References 68 publications

Synthesis, Purification, and Characterization of Carbon Dots from Non-Activated and Activated Pyrolytic Carbon Black

Synthesis, Purification, and Characterization of Carbon Dots from Non-Activated and Activated Pyrolytic Carbon Black

Tire Waste Derived Turbostratic Carbon as an Electrode for a Vanadium Redox Flow Battery

Characterization of Chemically Activated Pyrolytic Carbon Black Derived from Waste Tires as a Candidate for Nanomaterial Precursor

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