Morphological variation among clones of ulluco (Ullucus tuberosus, Basellaceae) collected in Southern Peru

Rousi, Arne; Jokela, Paula; Kalliola, Risto; Pietilä, Leena; Salo, Jukka; Yli-Rekola, M.

doi:10.1007/bf02859325

Cited by 13 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Substantial morphological diversity apparent in ulluco has long presented an evolutionary puzzle due to the species' supposed lack of sexual recombination and hence its assumed inability to develop botanical seed. Recent research, however, has revealed periodic sexual recombination and the set of viable seed, albeit at a low frequency (Rousi et al 1989).…”

Section: Maizementioning

confidence: 99%

The loss and maintenance of native crops in mountain agriculture

Zimmerer¹

1992

GeoJournal

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The fate of agricultural biodiversity varies among the native crops produced in a mountainous region. Four native crops (potatoes, maize, ulluco, quinoa) cultivated in the southern Peruvian sierra demonstrate different patterns of cultivar loss and cultivar maintenance. Contingent social, economic and environmental conditions in mountain agriculture shape the distinct fates befalling the cultivars in each crop. Three sets of specific conditions contribute to differences in the patterning of cultivar loss and maintenance: (1) proximate conditions in the local peasant economy, particularly access among agricultural households to land, labor, and capital, and changes in the availability and quality of the three endowments; (2) the social and cultural value of the crop in the local diet and cuisine; and (3) the biogeographic patterning of cultivars. Maintenance of cultivars currently marks the ulluco and quinoa crop as well as many potato and maize types. Cultivar loss besets the fastmaturing potato S. phureja and the slow-maturing maize types. To incorporate variable in situ crop-conservation programs into development planning for montane regions requires thoroughly assessing the contingent conditions for continued production."The post-modern era has moved from genetic erosion to genetic wipe-out" (Harlan 1972: 214) "Genetic diversity in crops continues in many environments, but its continuity is particularly marked in mountain areas" (Brush 1986: 153)

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Section: Maizementioning

confidence: 99%

The loss and maintenance of native crops in mountain agriculture

Zimmerer¹

1992

GeoJournal

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“…The latter station is situated within the area of ulluco cultivation . The material was collected in Peru and Bolivia in the form of tubers in 1982, 1983Rousi et al ., 1989) . The plants have been propagated vegetatively every year since then .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…aborigineus (Brucher) is still controversial (Brucher, 1967 ;Rousi et al ., 1989 ;Sperling, 1987) . The chromosome number if 2n = 24 in diploid clones, and 2n = 36 in triploids (Cardenas & Hawkes, 1948 ;Larkka et al ., 1992) .…”

Section: Plant Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developmental abnormalities in the ovule and embryo sac of ulluco (Ullucus tuberosus) and their effect on seed set

Pietilä

Jokela

1994

Euphytica

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Ulluco (Ullucus tuberosus) is a vegetatively propagated crop plant that flowers abundantly but sets only few seeds . We examined if the low seed/ovule ratio can be explained by morphological abnormalities in ovules, embryo sacs or embryos . In 35 clones growing in the actual area of cultivation in Ecuador and in 5 clones grown in Finland flowers were analysed by clearing technique . About half of all analysed clones contained ovules and embryo sacs whose development was arrested, in two clones there were embryo sacs whose cell patterns were abnormal and in four clones there were double embryo sacs . There were both normal and abnormal ovules and embryo sacs in the same plant . Genetic load is suggested to be one of the causes for the low sexual fertility found in ulluco . It may be incapable of maintaining homeostasis of development of the ovule and embryo sac in a varying environment . The occurrence of developmental abnormalities should be studied in each clone intended for inclusion in traditional breeding programmes . 31

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“…High morphological variability of ulluco has been recognized for these countries (Rousi et al 1989;Cadima et al 2003;Arbizu 2004), and consumer preference patterns have been reported with regard to Bolivia (Cadima et al 2003), Peru (Pietilä and Jokela 1988;Arbizu 2004) and Ecuador (Barrera et al 2004). On the contrary, very little is known about the diversity of this crop in Colombia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…The stems are green to orange-red, with short internodes. Its tubers are palatable, bigger than the wild forms, 4-6 cm in diameter, and vary widely in shape (spherical, cylindrical, falcate, etc) and colour (white, yellow, light green, pink, orange, purple, etc; some with spots) (Rousi et al 1989;IPGRI/CIP 2003). This morphological diversity is in contrast to its reproductive behaviour.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Diversity of Ullucus tuberosus (Basellaceae) in the Colombian Andes and notes on ulluco domestication based on morphological and molecular data

Parra‐Quijano

Panda

Rodríguez

et al. 2011

Genet Resour Crop Evol

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Ullucus tuberosus (common name 'ulluco') is a popular tuber crop of Andean highlands. Until now attention has been focused on ulluco from Bolivia, Peru and Ecuador, but little is known about its diversity in Colombia. Thirty-six accessions of cultivated ulluco preserved in the Gene Bank of the Universidad Nacional de Colombia were studied to assess the genetic diversity and spatial genetic structure of Colombian ulluco. We used morphological characters, molecular markers (total proteins, isozymes and RAPDs) and ploidy level. High morphological variability, especially for tuber shape and colour characters, was found. Eight accessions from north-east Colombian Andes showed some typical character-states of wild ulluco, suggesting that they could be partially domesticated forms. Genetic analysis using RAPD markers indicated that these accessions were very similar to other cultivated ullucos belonging to the same region. The regional structure observed in isozyme and RAPD dendrograms was confirmed by AMOVA results (52.6% among-region variation) and the spatial correlogram, showing the presence of two gene pools of ulluco in Colombia. Our results and the accumulated data suggest that ulluco was introduced to Colombia at least two times. Initially, semi-domesticated forms would have come from the central Andes to northeast Colombian Andes, where the native inhabitants would have completed the domestication process. Again, fully domesticated ullucos might have been introduced to south-west Colombian Andes.

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Morphological variation among clones of ulluco (Ullucus tuberosus, Basellaceae) collected in Southern Peru

Cited by 13 publications

References 9 publications

The loss and maintenance of native crops in mountain agriculture

The loss and maintenance of native crops in mountain agriculture

Developmental abnormalities in the ovule and embryo sac of ulluco (Ullucus tuberosus) and their effect on seed set

Diversity of Ullucus tuberosus (Basellaceae) in the Colombian Andes and notes on ulluco domestication based on morphological and molecular data

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