Morphological variability of Emiliania huxleyi in the Indian sector of the Southern Ocean during the austral summer of 2010

Patil, Shramik; Mohan, Rahul; Shetye, S.R.; Gazi, Sahina; Jafar, S. A.

doi:10.1016/j.marmicro.2014.01.005

Cited by 19 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…4). The MR strains had thin distal shield elements, categorized into Types B, B/C, and C. Concerning the ocean-geographical implications of these data, Type C and B/C strains are reported at higher latitudes in cold, sub-Antarctic oceans, while Types A and B were found around the southern Subtropical Front in a warmer-water areas (Patil et al, 2014). In the Bering Sea, the lightly calcified Type A was identified during the bloom that occurred in August 2006 (Harada et al, 2012 various oceanic areas (including in previous reports) is summarized in Table 3.…”

Section: Effects Of Temperature On Growth Rate Coccolith Morphometrymentioning

confidence: 81%

Change in coccolith size and morphology due to response to temperature and salinity in coccolithophore <i>Emiliania huxleyi</i> (Haptophyta) isolated from the Bering and Chukchi seas

et al. 2016

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Abstract. Strains of the coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi (Haptophyta) collected from the subarctic North Pacific and Arctic oceans in 2010 were established as clone cultures and have been maintained in the laboratory at 15 • C and 32 ‰ salinity. To study the physiological responses of coccolith formation to changes in temperature and salinity, growth experiments and morphometric investigations were performed on two strains, namely MR57N isolated from the northern Bering Sea and MR70N at the Chukchi Sea. This is the first report of a detailed morphometric and morphological investigation of Arctic Ocean coccolithophore strains. The specific growth rates at the logarithmic growth phases in both strains markedly increased as temperature was elevated from 5 to 20 • C, although coccolith productivity (estimated as the percentage of calcified cells) was similar at 10-20 % at all temperatures. On the other hand, the specific growth rate of MR70N was affected less by changes in salinity in the range 26-35 ‰, but the proportion of calcified cells decreased at high and low salinities. According to scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observations, coccolith morphotypes can be categorized into Type B/C on the basis of their biometrical parameters. The central area elements of coccoliths varied from thin lath type to well-calcified lath type when temperature was increased or salinity was decreased, and coccolith size decreased simultaneously. Coccolithophore cell size also decreased with increasing temperature, although the variation in cell size was slightly greater at the lower salinity level. This indicates that subarctic and arctic coccolithophore strains can survive in a wide range of seawater temperatures and at lower salinities with change in their morphology. Because all coccolith biometric parameters followed the scaling law, the decrease in coccolith size was caused simply by the reduced calcification. Taken together, our results suggest that calcification productivity may be used to predict future oceanic environmental conditions in the polar regions.

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Section: Effects Of Temperature On Growth Rate Coccolith Morphometrymentioning

confidence: 81%

Change in coccolith size and morphology due to response to temperature and salinity in coccolithophore <i>Emiliania huxleyi</i> (Haptophyta) isolated from the Bering and Chukchi seas

et al. 2016

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“…Coccolithophorids are the only calcifying phytoplankton in the SO and are most abundant in naturally iron-fertilized regions in the SAZ, such as fronts and downstream of sub-Antarctic islands (Salter et al, 2014;Balch et al, 2016). Calcification releases CO 2 (the carbonate counterpump), resulting in the elevation of pCO 2 concentrations in SAZ waters where coccolithophores are highly abundant, particularly around the Sub-Antarctic Front (Patil et al, 2014;Saavedra-Pellitero et al, 2014;Balch et al, 2016). Studies of the dominant coccolithophore, Emiliania huxleyi, found morphological variations in calcification that closely followed the southerly decline in calcite saturation state but were strainspecific rather than caused by acidification (Cubillos et al, 2007;Patil et al, 2014;Saavedra-Pellitero et al, 2014;Malinverno et al, 2015).…”

Section: Sub-antarctic Zonementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Calcification releases CO 2 (the carbonate counterpump), resulting in the elevation of pCO 2 concentrations in SAZ waters where coccolithophores are highly abundant, particularly around the Sub-Antarctic Front (Patil et al, 2014;Saavedra-Pellitero et al, 2014;Balch et al, 2016). Studies of the dominant coccolithophore, Emiliania huxleyi, found morphological variations in calcification that closely followed the southerly decline in calcite saturation state but were strainspecific rather than caused by acidification (Cubillos et al, 2007;Patil et al, 2014;Saavedra-Pellitero et al, 2014;Malinverno et al, 2015). However, culture studies by Müller et al (2015) reported that calcification by E. huxleyi decreased at pCO 2 concentrations >1000 µatm.…”

Section: Sub-antarctic Zonementioning

confidence: 99%

Southern Ocean Phytoplankton in a Changing Climate

2017

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Phytoplankton are the base of the Antarctic food web, sustain the wealth and diversity of life for which Antarctica is renowned, and play a critical role in biogeochemical cycles that mediate global climate. Over the vast expanse of the Southern Ocean (SO), the climate is variously predicted to experience increased warming, strengthening wind, acidification, shallowing mixed layer depths, increased light (and UV), changes in upwelling and nutrient replenishment, declining sea ice, reduced salinity, and the southward migration of ocean fronts. These changes are expected to alter the structure and function of phytoplankton communities in the SO. The diverse environments contained within the vast expanse of the SO will be impacted differently by climate change; causing the identity and the magnitude of environmental factors driving biotic change to vary within and among bioregions. Predicting the net effect of multiple climate-induced stressors over a range of environments is complex. Yet understanding the response of SO phytoplankton to climate change is vital if we are to predict the future state/s of the ecosystem, estimate the impacts on fisheries and endangered species, and accurately predict the effects of physical and biotic change in the SO on global climate. This review looks at the major environmental factors that define the structure and function of phytoplankton communities in the SO, examines the forecast changes in the SO environment, predicts the likely effect of these changes on phytoplankton, and considers the ramifications for trophodynamics and feedbacks to global climate change. Predictions strongly suggest that all regions of the SO will experience changes in phytoplankton productivity and community composition with climate change. The nature, and even the sign, of these changes varies within and among regions and will depend upon the magnitude and sequence in which these environmental changes are imposed. It is likely that predicted changes to phytoplankton communities will affect SO biogeochemistry, carbon export, and nutrition for higher trophic levels.

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“…Furthermore, it was found that the species survived better at a higher temperature (18.4-15.3°C), salinity (35.45-35.29) and low nutrients, high pH and high solar radiation conditions. The north-south trend of decreased calcification of E. huxleyi reflected the role of temperature and salinity as major factors for controlling the biogeographical distribution of coccolithophores (Patil et al, 2014). Shetye et al, 2014 observed that the diatom Corethron criophilum was the dominant species in the coastal region under low temperature (~1.5°C) and lower salinity 33.…”

Section: Findings From the 4 Th Isoe (2009-10)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress in Southern Ocean Biologyfrom the Indian Sector: Half-Decadal (2009-13) overview

Tripathy

2017

Proceedings of the Indian National Science Academy

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Morphological variability of Emiliania huxleyi in the Indian sector of the Southern Ocean during the austral summer of 2010

Cited by 19 publications

References 43 publications

Change in coccolith size and morphology due to response to temperature and salinity in coccolithophore <i>Emiliania huxleyi</i> (Haptophyta) isolated from the Bering and Chukchi seas

Change in coccolith size and morphology due to response to temperature and salinity in coccolithophore <i>Emiliania huxleyi</i> (Haptophyta) isolated from the Bering and Chukchi seas

Southern Ocean Phytoplankton in a Changing Climate

Progress in Southern Ocean Biologyfrom the Indian Sector: Half-Decadal (2009-13) overview

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Morphological variability of Emiliania huxleyi in the Indian sector of the Southern Ocean during the austral summer of 2010

Cited by 19 publications

References 43 publications

Change in coccolith size and morphology due to response to temperature and salinity in coccolithophore &lt;i&gt;Emiliania huxleyi&lt;/i&gt; (Haptophyta) isolated from the Bering and Chukchi seas

Change in coccolith size and morphology due to response to temperature and salinity in coccolithophore &lt;i&gt;Emiliania huxleyi&lt;/i&gt; (Haptophyta) isolated from the Bering and Chukchi seas

Southern Ocean Phytoplankton in a Changing Climate

Progress in Southern Ocean Biologyfrom the Indian Sector: Half-Decadal (2009-13) overview

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Product

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Change in coccolith size and morphology due to response to temperature and salinity in coccolithophore <i>Emiliania huxleyi</i> (Haptophyta) isolated from the Bering and Chukchi seas

Change in coccolith size and morphology due to response to temperature and salinity in coccolithophore <i>Emiliania huxleyi</i> (Haptophyta) isolated from the Bering and Chukchi seas