Morphological updates and molecular description of <i>Heterosentis holospinus</i> Amin, Heckmann, &amp; Ha, 2011 (Acanthocephala, Arhythmacanthidae) in the Pacific Ocean off Vietnam

Amin, Omar M.; Rodrı́guez, Sara; Heckmann, Richard A.

doi:10.1051/parasite/2019072

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 38 publications

(24 reference statements)

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“…The variability in cystacanths from various mole crab hosts in California, North Carolina, Peru, Chile, and Uruguay ( Table 1 ) also demonstrates the relations between parasite characteristics and host and geography. These relationships have been previously reported for other species of acanthocephalans [ 16 ]. Examples of such relationships are discussed below.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

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A comparative assessment of the morphology ofProfilicollis altmani(Acanthocephala, Polymorphidae) from crustaceans and shore birds in Peru, with special notes on hook elemental analysis (EDXA), SEM imaging, histopathology, and molecular profile

Amin¹,

Rodrı́guez

Rubtsova³

et al. 2022

Parasite

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The morphology of cystacanths and adults of Profilicollis altmani (Perry, 1942) Van Cleave, 1947 (Polymorphidae) were studied from the Pacific mole crab Emerita analoga (Stimpson) (Crustacea, Hippidae) and Belcher’s gull Larus belcheri (Vigors) (Aves, Laridae), respectively, in Peru. Comparative morphometrics with accounts of other populations of P. altmani from elsewhere off the Pacific and Atlantic coasts of North and South America revealed marked intraspecific population variations. We report scanning electron micrographs (SEM) of new features, not before noted or captured in line drawings by earlier observers. We further present microscope images that reveal internal details not previously reported or possible to see with SEM. Energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDXA) revealed unusual patterns in the chemistry of proboscis hooks especially the high sulfur and diminished phosphorous and calcium in hook tips and low sulfur and high levels of phosphorous and calcium at mid hooks. The size and shape of all hooks of the cystacanths are reported for the first time. Histopathological studies in L. belcheri from Peru are also included. Cystacanths of P. altmani from California were also analyzed for molecular patterns and compared with other sequences reported from other locations. The molecular data and the analysis of our new sequences of cytochrome oxidase I (COI) showed that haplotypes of P. altmani had low genetic variation; the species is not geographically structured, and within its clade no monophyletic group is formed.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…Micropores covered the whole trunk of male and female cystacanths ( Fig. 13 ) as is commonly observed in adults in other species of acanthocephalans [ 16 ]. We did not create SEM images of adults; only whole-mounts were available.…”

Section: Adultsmentioning

confidence: 60%

A comparative assessment of the morphology ofProfilicollis altmani(Acanthocephala, Polymorphidae) from crustaceans and shore birds in Peru, with special notes on hook elemental analysis (EDXA), SEM imaging, histopathology, and molecular profile

Amin¹,

Rodrı́guez

Rubtsova³

et al. 2022

Parasite

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“…Morphological identification of small parasitic animals is often fraught with difficulties due to the low number of suitable morphologic traits and common host-induced morphological variability [ 7 – 9 ], both of which have been reported in acanthocephalans [ 10 , 11 ]. Inferring their evolutionary history is further hampered by the fact that fossils are very rare for soft-bodied parasitic animals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, the monophyly of some orders, such as the Echinorhynchida, remains questionable, and the positions and monophyly of many families remain unresolved [ 1 , 3 , 5 , 16 , 17 ]. Among the multiple unresolved family-level relationships, several studies indicated that the large family Rhadinorhynchidae Lühe, 1912, may be paraphyletic or polyphyletic, so its status remains uncertain [ 11 , 15 , 18 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitochondrial phylogenomics of Acanthocephala: nucleotide alignments produce long-branch attraction artefacts

Gao¹,

Yuan²,

Wu³

et al. 2022

Parasites Vectors

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Background Classification of the Acanthocephala, a clade of obligate endoparasites, remains unresolved because of insufficiently strong resolution of morphological characters and scarcity of molecular data with a sufficient resolution. Mitochondrial genomes may be a suitable candidate, but they are available for a small number of species and their suitability for the task has not been tested thoroughly. Methods Herein, we sequenced the first mitogenome for the large family Rhadinorhynchidae: Micracanthorhynchina dakusuiensis. These are also the first molecular data generated for this entire genus. We conducted a series of phylogenetic analyses using concatenated nucleotides (NUC) and amino acids (AAs) of all 12 protein-coding genes, three different algorithms, and the entire available acanthocephalan mitogenomic dataset. Results We found evidence for strong compositional heterogeneity in the dataset, and Micracanthorhynchina dakusuiensis exhibited a disproportionately long branch in all analyses. This caused a long-branch attraction artefact (LBA) of M. dakusuiensis resolved at the base of the Echinorhynchida clade when the NUC dataset was used in combination with standard phylogenetic algorithms, maximum likelihood (ML) and Bayesian inference (BI). Both the use of the AA dataset (BI-AAs and ML-AAs) and the CAT-GTR model designed for suppression of LBA (CAT-GTR-AAs and CAT-GTR-NUC) at least partially attenuated this LBA artefact. The results support Illiosentidae as the basal radiation of Echinorhynchida and Rhadinorhynchidae forming a clade with Echinorhynchidae and Pomporhynchidae. The questions of the monophyly of Rhadinorhynchidae and its sister lineage remain unresolved. The order Echinorhynchida was paraphyletic in all of our analyses. Conclusions Future studies should take care to attenuate compositional heterogeneity-driven LBA artefacts when applying mitogenomic data to resolve the phylogeny of Acanthocephala. Graphical Abstract

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“…As a result of this neglect, currently there are no molecular data for this species, and data about its biology are not available to the international scientific audience. Moreover, there are only a handful of sequences available for the entire Arhythmacanthidae family, and molecular data are available only for only two species from this genus: Heterosentis holospinus Amin, Heckman & Ha, 2011 [ 5 ] and an unidentified Heterosentis sp. [ 9 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The mitochondrial genome of Heterosentis pseudobagri (Wang & Zhang, 1987) Pichelin & Cribb, 1999 reveals novel aspects of tRNA genes evolution in Acanthocephala

Gao¹,

Yuan²,

Jakovlić³

et al. 2023

BMC Genomics

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Background Acanthocephala is a clade of obligate endoparasites whose mitochondrial genomes (mitogenomes) and evolution remain relatively poorly understood. Previous studies reported that atp8 is lacking from acanthocephalan mitogenomes, and that tRNA genes often have nonstandard structures. Heterosentis pseudobagri (Arhythmacanthidae) is an acanthocephalan fish endoparasite for which no molecular data are currently available, and biological information is unavailable in the English language. Furthermore, there are currently no mitogenomes available for Arhythmacanthidae. Methods We sequenced its mitogenome and transcriptome, and conducted comparative mitogenomic analyses with almost all available acanthocephalan mitogenomes. Results The mitogenome had all genes encoded on the same strand and unique gene order in the dataset. Among the 12 protein-coding genes, several genes were highly divergent and annotated with difficulty. Moreover, several tRNA genes could not be identified automatically, so we had to identify them manually via a detailed comparison with orthologues. As common in acanthocephalans, some tRNAs lacked either the TWC arm or the DHU arm, but in several cases, we annotated tRNA genes only on the basis of the conserved narrow central segment comprising the anticodon, while the flanking 5’ and 3’ ends did not exhibit any resemblance to orthologues and they could not be folded into a tRNA secondary structure. We corroborated that these are not sequencing artefacts by assembling the mitogenome from transcriptomic data. Although this phenomenon was not observed in previous studies, our comparative analyses revealed the existence of highly divergent tRNAs in multiple acanthocephalan lineages. Conclusions These findings indicate either that multiple tRNA genes are non-functional or that (some) tRNA genes in (some) acanthocephalans might undergo extensive posttranscriptional tRNA processing which restores them to more conventional structures. It is necessary to sequence mitogenomes from yet unrepresented lineages and further explore the unusual patterns of tRNA evolution in Acanthocephala.

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Morphological updates and molecular description of Heterosentis holospinus Amin, Heckmann, & Ha, 2011 (Acanthocephala, Arhythmacanthidae) in the Pacific Ocean off Vietnam

Cited by 10 publications

References 38 publications

A comparative assessment of the morphology ofProfilicollis altmani(Acanthocephala, Polymorphidae) from crustaceans and shore birds in Peru, with special notes on hook elemental analysis (EDXA), SEM imaging, histopathology, and molecular profile

A comparative assessment of the morphology ofProfilicollis altmani(Acanthocephala, Polymorphidae) from crustaceans and shore birds in Peru, with special notes on hook elemental analysis (EDXA), SEM imaging, histopathology, and molecular profile

Mitochondrial phylogenomics of Acanthocephala: nucleotide alignments produce long-branch attraction artefacts

The mitochondrial genome of Heterosentis pseudobagri (Wang & Zhang, 1987) Pichelin & Cribb, 1999 reveals novel aspects of tRNA genes evolution in Acanthocephala

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