Morphological systematics of kingsnakes, Lampropeltis getula complex (Serpentes: Colubridae), in the eastern United States

Krysko, Kenneth L.; Judd, Walter S.

doi:10.11646/zootaxa.1193.1.1

Cited by 548 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Locations are given as State/Country and County/Parish, followed by collection numbers as follows: FT Burbrink (FTB), KL Krysko (KLK), Museum of Vertebrate Zoology (MVZ), University of Alabama Herpetological Collection (UAHC), Sternberg Museum (MHP), Yale Peabody Museum (YPM), KM Enge (KME), University of Florida (UF), DB Means (DBM), TJ Hibbitts, Texas A&M University (TJH, MTH & DL) Texas Natural History Collection (TNHC), Arkansas State University Museum of Vertebrate Zoology (ASUMZ), Illinois Natural History Survey (INHS), Texas Cooperative Wildlife Collection (TCWC), Donald B. Shepard (DBS), KJ Irwin (KJI), LJ Vitt (LJV), University of Texas, Arlington (UTA), DG Mulcahy (DGM), San Diego Field Station (SD Field), University of Nevada, Reno (UNR), San Diego Natural History Museum (SDSNH), California State University, Northridge (CSUN), Brad Moon, University of Louisiana, Lafayette (CG). Specimens labelled KLK, KME, UF and DBM were obtained from GenBank, from Krysko & Judd (2006). Photographs with voucher numbers are samples in the tree.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lineage diversification in a widespread species: roles for niche divergence and conservatism in the common kingsnake, Lampropeltis getula

2009

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Niche conservatism and niche divergence are both important ecological mechanisms associated with promoting allopatric speciation across geographical barriers. However, the potential for variable responses in widely distributed organisms has not been fully investigated. For allopatric sister lineages, three patterns for the interaction of ecological niche preference and geographical barriers are possible: (i) niche conservatism at a physical barrier; (ii) niche divergence at a physical barrier; and (iii) niche divergence in the absence of a physical barrier. We test for the presence of these patterns in a transcontinentally distributed snake species, the common kingsnake (Lampropeltis getula), to determine the relative frequency of niche conservatism or divergence in a single species complex inhabiting multiple distinct ecoregions. We infer the phylogeographic structure of the kingsnake using a range-wide data set sampled for the mitochondrial gene cytochrome b. We use coalescent simulation methods to test for the presence of structured lineage formation vs. fragmentation of a widespread ancestor. Finally, we use statistical techniques for creating and evaluating ecological niche models to test for conservatism of ecological niche preferences. Significant geographical structure is present in the kingsnake, for which coalescent tests indicate structured population division. Surprisingly, we find evidence for all three patterns of conservatism and divergence. This suggests that ecological niche preferences may be labile on recent phylogenetic timescales, and that lineage formation in widespread species can result from an interaction between inertial tendencies of niche conservatism and natural selection on populations in ecologically divergent habitats.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We obtained 201 tissue samples of Lampropeltis getula taken throughout their known range and downloaded 60 gene sequences from a previous systematic study of L. getula (Krysko & Judd 2006) from GenBank (File S1) for a total of 261 samples (Fig. 1).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lineage diversification in a widespread species: roles for niche divergence and conservatism in the common kingsnake, Lampropeltis getula

2009

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Phylogenetics of Kingsnakes,Lampropeltis getulaComplex (Serpentes: Colubridae), in Eastern North America

Krysko

Nuñez

Newman

et al. 2017

JHERED

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Kingsnakes of the Lampropeltis getula complex range throughout much of temperate and subtropical North America. Studies over the last century have used morphology and color pattern to describe numerous subspecies. More recently, DNA analyses have made invaluable contributions to our understanding of their evolution and taxonomy. We use genetic and ecological methods to test previous hypotheses of distinct evolutionary lineages by examining 66 total snakes and 1) analyzing phylogeographic structure using 2 mtDNA loci and 1 nuclear locus, 2) estimating divergence dates and historical demography among lineages in a Bayesian coalescent framework, and 3) applying ecological niche modeling (ENM). Our molecular data and ENMs illustrate that 3 previously recognized subspecies in the eastern United States comprise well-supported monophyletic lineages that diverged during the Pleistocene. The geographic boundaries of these 3 lineages correspond closely to known biogeographic barriers (Florida peninsula, Appalachian Mountains, and Apalachicola River) previously identified for other plants and animals, indicating shared geographic influences on evolutionary history. We conclude that genetic, ecological, and morphological data support recognition of these 3 lineages as distinct species (Lampropeltis floridana, Lampropeltis getula, and Lampropeltis meansi).

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Systematics of the Common Kingsnake (Lampropeltis getula; Serpentes: Colubridae) and the burden of heritage in taxonomy

Pyron

Burbrink

2009

Zootaxa

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We present a systematic revision of the Lampropeltis getula group, based on a recent range-wide phylogeographic analysis. We define our theoretical and operational concepts of species delimitation, and provide diagnoses based on mitochondrial DNA evidence, ecological niche modeling, morphology, and historical precedence. We find support for the recognition of five distinct species, which bear the name of the nominate subspecies found primarily within the range of each phylogeographic lineage: the Eastern lineage (Lampropeltis getula, Eastern Kingsnake), the Mississippi lineage (L. nigra, Black Kingsnake), the Central lineage (L. holbrooki, Speckled Kingsnake), the Desert lineage (L. splendida, Desert Kingsnake), and the Western lineage (L. californiae, California Kingsnake). Interestingly, all of these taxa had originally been described as distinct species and recognized as such for up to 101 years (in the case of L. californiae) before being demoted to subspecies. We discuss the impact that increasingly detailed genetic information from phylogeographic analyses may have on traditional taxonomy.

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Morphological systematics of kingsnakes, Lampropeltis getula complex (Serpentes: Colubridae), in the eastern United States

Cited by 548 publications

References 44 publications

Lineage diversification in a widespread species: roles for niche divergence and conservatism in the common kingsnake, Lampropeltis getula

Lineage diversification in a widespread species: roles for niche divergence and conservatism in the common kingsnake, Lampropeltis getula

Phylogenetics of Kingsnakes,Lampropeltis getulaComplex (Serpentes: Colubridae), in Eastern North America

Systematics of the Common Kingsnake (Lampropeltis getula; Serpentes: Colubridae) and the burden of heritage in taxonomy

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