Morphological study of the phrenic nerve to determine a reference value for the myelinated fiber density in elderly individuals

Motoda, Atsuko; Matsubara, Tomoyasu; Tanei, Zen‐ichi; Sakashita, Yoshiharu; Yamazaki, Mikihiro; Kawakami, Ito; Sengoku, Renpei; Arai, Tomio; Makino, Hírofumi; Saito, Yuko; Murayama, Shigeo

doi:10.1111/neup.12856

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…In these studies, quantitative histomorphometric analyses were performed by evaluating the myelinated nerve fiber density (17)(18)(19)(20)(21). These sections are also used in the evaluation of demyelination and remyelination levels according to the results of G-ratio (the ratio of axon diameter and myelin sheath thickness) after damage, lesion, and treatments in the central nervous system (22).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Several Special Staining Methods for Paraffin Sections on Epon-Embedded Semithin Sections

AKBAŞ,

YAVAŞ,

ERSOY

et al. 2023

Düzce Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi

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Aim: This study aimed to compare several specific staining protocols recommended for paraffin sections and toluidine blue and light green double staining combination to be tried for the first time with routine toluidine blue staining on semithin epon sections. Material and Methods: Samples of 1x1x1 mm were taken from the liver, skin, and aorta tissues of Wistar albino adult rats. Tissue samples were fixed with 5% glutaraldehyde at +4º C overnight, postfixed with 1% osmium tetroxide for one hour, and then, blocked with Epon 812 after processing. Semithin sections of 1 μm thickness were obtained from the epon blocks. Sections were stained with Altmann’s method (for mitochondria), Verhoeff’s method (for elastic fibers), Gordon&Sweets’ silver impregnation method (for type III collagen), toluidine blue and light green double staining combination (for type I collagen) and routine toluidine blue method. Results: In liver sections, mitochondria in hepatocytes were differentiated by the Altmann method, and stromal type III collagen fibers were distinguished with Gordon&Sweets’ method. Elastic lamellar structures were easily observed in black in the aortic sections stained with the Verhoeff method. Successful results were obtained in the staining of dermal type I collagen with toluidine blue and light green double staining in skin sections. Conclusion: Since the specific staining tried for the first time gave positive results in epon sections, it was concluded that these methods can be used to determine the localization of cellular and intercellular components that are aimed to be examined at the ultrastructural level.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Several Special Staining Methods for Paraffin Sections on Epon-Embedded Semithin Sections

AKBAŞ,

YAVAŞ,

ERSOY

et al. 2023

Düzce Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi

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“…For simplicity, all fibers are assumed to be in a grid formation as described in appendix B. The grid contains 3001 fibers, which is in the same order of magnitude as the average of 3034 fibers reported by Motoda et al [32].…”

Section: Excitation Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

A physiological model of phrenic nerve excitation by electrical stimulation

Lohse,

Deininger,

Loeser

et al. 2024

Biomed. Phys. Eng. Express

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Mechanical ventilation is essential in intensive care treatment but leads to diaphragmatic atrophy, which in turn contributes to prolonged weaning and increased mortality. One approach to prevent diaphragmatic atrophy while achieving pulmonary ventilation is electrical stimulation of the phrenic nerve.To automize phrenic nerve stimulation resulting in lung protective tidal volumes with lowest possible currents, mathematical models are required. Nerve stimulation models are often complex, so many parameters have to be identified prior to implementation. This paper presents a novel, simplified approach to model phrenic nerve excitation to obtain an individualized patient model using a few data points. The latter is based on the idea that nerve fibers are excited when the electric field exceeds a threshold. The effect of the geometry parameter on the model output was analyzed, and the model was validated with measurement data from a pig trial (RMSE in between 0.44×10−2 and 1.64×10−2 for parameterized models). The modeled phrenic nerve excitation behaved similarly to the measured tidal volumes, and thus could be used to develop automated phrenic nerve stimulation systems for lung protective ventilation.

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Morphological study of the phrenic nerve to determine a reference value for the myelinated fiber density in elderly individuals

Cited by 2 publications

References 21 publications

Application of Several Special Staining Methods for Paraffin Sections on Epon-Embedded Semithin Sections

Application of Several Special Staining Methods for Paraffin Sections on Epon-Embedded Semithin Sections

A physiological model of phrenic nerve excitation by electrical stimulation

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