Morphological studies on brown adipose tissue in the bat and in humans of various ages.

Ito, Toshio; Tanuma, Yutaka; Yamada, Masako; Yamamoto, Masaru

doi:10.1679/aohc.54.1

Cited by 18 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…In BAT, DAG levels are similar to those of PC and PE and other lipid classes like CL, LPC, PI, and PG that were detected in BAT but remained undetectable in WAT. Importantly, cardiolipins (CL) are present in BAT on both diets, while absent in both SAT and GAT (Figure 3 and Table S4), most likely linked to the larger number of mitochondria in BAT than in WAT [28]. On CD, BAT contains higher amounts of glycerophospholipids and less cholesterol than WAT.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive and quantitative analysis of white and brown adipose tissue by shotgun lipidomics

Grzybek

Palladini

Alexaki

et al. 2019

Molecular Metabolism

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Objective Shotgun lipidomics enables an extensive analysis of lipids from tissues and fluids. Each specimen requires appropriate extraction and processing procedures to ensure good coverage and reproducible quantification of the lipidome. Adipose tissue (AT) has become a research focus with regard to its involvement in obesity-related pathologies. However, the quantification of the AT lipidome is particularly challenging due to the predominance of triacylglycerides, which elicit high ion suppression of the remaining lipid classes. Methods We present a new and validated method for shotgun lipidomics of AT, which tailors the lipid extraction procedure to the target specimen and features high reproducibility with a linear dynamic range of at least 4 orders of magnitude for all lipid classes. Results Utilizing this method, we observed tissue-specific and diet-related differences in three AT types (brown, gonadal, inguinal subcutaneous) from lean and obese mice. Brown AT exhibited a distinct lipidomic profile with the greatest lipid class diversity and responded to high-fat diet by altering its lipid composition, which shifted towards that of white AT. Moreover, diet-induced obesity promoted an overall remodeling of the lipidome, where all three AT types featured a significant increase in longer and more unsaturated triacylglyceride and phospholipid species. Conclusions The here presented method facilitates reproducible systematic lipidomic profiling of AT and could be integrated with further –omics approaches used in (pre-) clinical research, in order to advance the understanding of the molecular metabolic dynamics involved in the pathogenesis of obesity-associated disorders.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive and quantitative analysis of white and brown adipose tissue by shotgun lipidomics

Grzybek

Palladini

Alexaki

et al. 2019

Molecular Metabolism

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“…Several types of brown fat cells, which are distinguished mostly on the basis of a different size and number of intracellular vacuoles, can be identified morphologically. The different types probably represent different stages of activity (reviewed in [4]). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hibernoma-like brown fat in the bone marrow: report of a unique case

et al. 2008

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We report on a bone-marrow biopsy of a 61-year-old female patient that was performed because of the clinical suspicion of a myeloproliferative disease. The trephine biopsy showed morphological features that were consistent with an essential thrombocythaemia (ET). The diagnosis of a myeloproliferative disease could be corroborated by demonstration of the V617F mutation of JAK2. Besides the histological features of ET, the marrow showed a peculiar infiltrate that consisted of multivacuolated cells that were immunohistochemically identified as brown adipose tissue with a hibernoma-like picture. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on brown adipose tissue in the bone marrow.

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“…Brown fat function consists predominantly of thermogenesis through a mitochondrial-associated uncoupling protein that oxidizes endogenous and exogenous substrates at a very high rate independent of ADP phosphorylation (19). Brown adipocytes characteristically contain numerous small, variably sized cytoplasmic fat droplets (19); however, brown fat morphology varies, as is seen in cold acclimation and seasonal dependence in hibernating animals (21). Human brown fat often has a variable morphology, ranging from unilocular to multilocular lipid distribution within the cytoplasm (21).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Brown adipocytes characteristically contain numerous small, variably sized cytoplasmic fat droplets (19); however, brown fat morphology varies, as is seen in cold acclimation and seasonal dependence in hibernating animals (21). Human brown fat often has a variable morphology, ranging from unilocular to multilocular lipid distribution within the cytoplasm (21). It has been suggested that the mediators of brown fat hyperplasia include bFGF (47) and IGF-1 (46).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Troglitazone-Induced Heart and Adipose Tissue Cell Proliferation in Mice

Breider¹,

Gough²,

Haskins³

et al. 1999

Toxicol Pathol

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Troglitazone, a thiazolidinedione, is a novel agent for the oral treatment of non-insulin-dependent (Type II) diabetes mellitus; it works by increasing cell sensitivity to available insulin. Previous studies have shown that rodents treated with high doses of troglitazone develop increased heart weight and increased interscapular brown fat. This study investigated cellular proliferation in heart and brown fat of troglitazone-treated mice as well as possible interactions with an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (quinipril). B6C3F 1 female mice were treated daily with either vehicle control, 125 mg/kg quinipril, 1,200 mg/kg troglitazone, or troglitazone/quinipril combination per os for up to 14 days. Four days before necropsy, mice were dosed with bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) using osmotic pumps. Cell proliferation in heart, brown fat, and retroperitoneal white fat was investigated by means of light microscopic anti-BrdU immunolabeling techniques. Immunoelectron microscopy was used to determine the cell phenotypes and cellular distribution of BrdU label in heart and brown fat. Treatment with troglitazone for 2 wk resulted in increased heart and brown fat weights but in decreased white fat weight. Combination treatment with troglitazone and quinipril also resulted in decreased white fat weight compared with controls. Histologically, brown fat adipocytes in troglitazone-and troglitazone/quinipril-treated mice had coalescent lipid vacuoles and increased eosinophilia of the cytoplasm. White fat adipocytes in troglitazone-and troglitazone/quinipril-treated mice had decreased cell size and increased cytoplasmic eosinophilia. BrdU labeling revealed increased cell proliferation in troglitazone-treated hearts after 1 wk but did not reveal increased cell proliferation in quinipril-or troglitazone/quinipril-treated animals. Brown fat BrdU labeling after 1 wk was increased in troglitazone-and troglitazone/quinipril-treated mice. Ultrastructural anti-BrdU immunogold labeling demonstrated that troglitazone-treated heart and brown fat had greater populations of BrdU-labeled cells that were identified as endothelial cells. These results demonstrated that troglitazone-induced increased cardiac weight in mice can be prevented by quinipril and that increased cardiac weight coincides with early increased endothelial cell proliferation.

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Morphological studies on brown adipose tissue in the bat and in humans of various ages.

Cited by 18 publications

References 51 publications

Comprehensive and quantitative analysis of white and brown adipose tissue by shotgun lipidomics

Comprehensive and quantitative analysis of white and brown adipose tissue by shotgun lipidomics

Hibernoma-like brown fat in the bone marrow: report of a unique case

Troglitazone-Induced Heart and Adipose Tissue Cell Proliferation in Mice

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