Morphological, phenological and water-use dynamics of sorghum varieties (Sorghum bicolor) under Striga hermonthica infestation

Gebremedhin, Wubayehu; Goudriaan, J.; Naber, H.

doi:10.1016/s0261-2194(99)00077-0

Cited by 9 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Such late attachments could be attributed to the mechanical resistance mechanism of the N13 donor conferred by its Striga resistance QTL alleles. Gebremedhin et al (2000) also reported delayed emergence of Striga on resistant sorghum compared to a susceptible variety. The genetic differences between the sorghum genotypes have been reported to affect the time of parasite attachment, with resistant varieties showing later attachment and parasite emergence than susceptible cultivars (Ezeaku and Gupta, 2004;Rodenburg et al, 2006).…”

Section: Field Evaluation Of Bc 3 F 3 Linesmentioning

confidence: 94%

Marker-assisted introgression improves Striga resistance in an Eritrean Farmer-Preferred Sorghum Variety

Yohannes

Abraha

Kiambi

et al. 2015

Field Crops Research

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The parasitic weed Striga hermonthica hampers the production of sorghum, the most important cereal crop in Eritrea. This weed has a complex mode of infestation that adapts to many hosts and environments, complicating conventional breeding for resistance, which is the only form of crop improvement available to Eritrean breeders, but has failed. This study aimed at improving resistance against this parasite by transferring 5 Striga resistant Quantitative Trait Loci (QTLs) from resistance donor N13 to Striga susceptible Farmer-Preferred Sorghum Variety (FPSV) Hugurtay from Eritrea. The method involved backcrossing using marker-assisted selection (MAS) and evaluation of the best introgressed lines for Striga resistance in artificially infested fields. Foreground selection was performed with up to 11 polymorphic simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers linked to Striga resistance QTLs, while background selection was conducted in the BC 3 F 2 generation with 27 polymorphic unlinked SSR markers to identify the best recovery of the recurrent parent (RP) genetic background. Out of 84 BC 3 F 3 lines, L2P3-B, L1P5-A and L2P5P35 performed best with respect to both grain yield and reduced Striga infestation. These lines were more resistant to Striga than Hugurtay, but less resistant than N13. The three lines yielded twice as much as N13, with Area Under Striga Number Progression Curve (AUSNPC) values on average 18% higher than that of N13 and 38% lower than that of Hugurtay. This suggests that the introgressed QTLs conferred significant Striga resistance and yield advantage to these BC 3 F 3 backcross progenies under Striga pressure. These lines have good potential for future release and demonstrate that when MAS is available to conventional breeders, even in countries with no genotyping facilities, it is a useful tool for enhancement, expediency and precision in crop improvement.

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Section: Field Evaluation Of Bc 3 F 3 Linesmentioning

confidence: 94%

Marker-assisted introgression improves Striga resistance in an Eritrean Farmer-Preferred Sorghum Variety

Yohannes

Abraha

Kiambi

et al. 2015

Field Crops Research

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“…Gebremedhin et al . () found that root growth differed in susceptible (IS9302) and resistant (SRN 39) sorghum genotypes under S . hermonthica infested environments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity in root traits of sorghum genotypes in response to Striga hermonthica infestation

et al. 2017

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Striga hermonthica is a major biotic constraint to agriculture in the lowland areas of Ethiopia where sorghum is a major stable crop. A pot and a field experiment were conducted in 2011 during the rainy season using 10 sorghum genotypes. Each experiment had infested and non-infested conditions as the main plots and the 10 genotypes as subplots. The aim of this study was to examine the response of root traits of the sorghum genotypes to S. hermonthica infested conditions and to investigate relationships among S. hermonthica, root and growth traits of sorghum genotypes. Sorghum genotypes were categorized in to three groups, that is, low, moderate and high S. hermonthica count groups. Each group showed a differential response to root traits. Low S. hermonthica count groups had significantly lower root length, root length density, root to shoot ratio and root dry weight compared with susceptible groups. In contrast to low S. hermonthica count groups, moderate S. hermonthica count groups had higher root length, root length density, root to shoot ratio and root dry weight. Highly significant and strong relations were observed among root traits of sorghum, indicating that any of the root traits can be used as indicators for resistance. The result indicates different reactions in root traits in the upper soil layer may be useful for genetic improvement of S. hermonthica resistance and tolerance breeding in sorghum.

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“…It grows under severe moisture and nutrient stress in areas where it is difficult to grow other food grains (FAO 1997), and where the resource base of the farmer is poor (Gebremedhin et al 2000). Although several improved varieties have been developed and released, yield gains at farmer level are minimal, with average grain yields that are still only about 0.85 t/ha (FAO 1997), in spite of the more than 2 t/ha yield potential of most cultivars (Ahmed et al 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Management of witchweed,Striga hermonthica, and stemborers in sorghum,Sorghum bicolor, through intercropping with greenleaf desmodium,Desmodium intortum

Khan

Midega

Hassanali

et al. 2006

International Journal of Pest Management

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On-station and on-farm studies were conducted in western Kenya to assess the potential role of greenleaf desmodium, Desmodium intortum (Mill.) Urb., in a combined control strategy for witchweed, Striga hermonthica, and cereal stemborers in sorghum, Sorghum bicolor (L.). Treatments consisted of sorghum plots intercropped with D. intortum (intercrop), with sorghum monocrop plots (monocrop) serving as control. There were highly significant reductions in both S. hermonthica emergence (by up to 89% in the on-farm and 100% in the on-station trials) and the proportion of stemborer-damaged plants (by up to 85% in the on-farm and 67% in the on-station trials) in the intercrop compared to the monocrop in both trials during most of the study period. The sorghum plants were also significantly taller in the intercrop (by up to 88% in the onfarm and 58% in the on-station trials) than in the monocrop plots. Moreover, grain yields were significantly higher in the former (by up to 63% in the on-farm and 140% in the on-station trials) in both trials throughout the study period. These results demonstrate that intercropping sorghum with D. intortum offers an effective control of both pests, leading to higher grain yields.

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Morphological, phenological and water-use dynamics of sorghum varieties (Sorghum bicolor) under Striga hermonthica infestation

Cited by 9 publications

References 6 publications

Marker-assisted introgression improves Striga resistance in an Eritrean Farmer-Preferred Sorghum Variety

Marker-assisted introgression improves Striga resistance in an Eritrean Farmer-Preferred Sorghum Variety

Diversity in root traits of sorghum genotypes in response to Striga hermonthica infestation

Management of witchweed,Striga hermonthica, and stemborers in sorghum,Sorghum bicolor, through intercropping with greenleaf desmodium,Desmodium intortum

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