Morphological parameters, heritability, yield component correlation, and multivariate analysis to determine secondary characters in selecting hybrid maize

Abstract

Abstract. Fadhli N, Farid M, Azrai M, Nur A, Effendi R, Priyanto SB, Nasruddin AD, Novianti F. 2023. Morphological parameters, heritability, yield component correlation, and multivariate analysis to determine secondary characters in selecting hybrid maize. Biodiversitas 24: 3750-3757. Direct selection for grain yield traits in maize (Zea mays L.) is often inefficient under specific conditions, necessitating the accurate determination of secondary traits to facilitate implementation and enhance selection precision. This study aimed to examine the morphological parameters, heritability, yield component correlations, and multivariate analysis of hybrid maize for determining potential secondary traits through indirect selection. The experimental design employed a randomized complete block design (RCBD) comprising 17 genotypes, including 15 hybrid maize lines and 2 hybrid maize varieties (RK 457 and RK 57). The results revealed that weight of harvested cob character and yield traits demonstrated significant correlations with production. Correlation values were further analyzed using biplot analysis and path analysis to identify potential secondary traits. The principal component biplot analysis results indicated four characters as effective secondary traits for selection, namely weight of harvested cob, yield, weight of 1000 seeds, and moisture content. MSM53/BCY as a parent of JHD 05 displayed superior performance compared to the two commercial hybrid varieties. Based on path analysis results, the weight of harvested cob character exhibited the highest direct effect on production with a value of 0.93, indicating that weight of harvested cob is the best secondary trait for selection.

Cob and seed characteristics of maize due to nutrient omission techniques

“…[23] found that cob length was positively and significantly correlated (0.43 ** ) to maize seed yield per plant. [24] also added that maize cob length was positively correlated (0.72 ** ) to the number of seeds.…”

Simultaneous selection of several tropical maize hybrids under acidic soil conditions

“…Path analysis is a statistical technique employed to investigate the direct and indirect impacts of one trait on another using multivariate methods and offers dependable information about the role of traits in improving yield. This method is valuable for determining the best secondary traits and is considered a more complex technique than regression analysis, particularly for assessing the direct effects of traits [26]. The results of the path analysis of selection traits for yield in acidic soil are presented in table 4.…”

Efficiency of Fertilizing Maize Plants Through the Application of Slow Release NPK Tablet Fertilizer with Biofertilizer

“…To effectively select multi-parameter methods, multivariate analysis is recommended as a powerful tool to simplify relationships between variables [35]. This approach is instrumental in evaluating multiple characteristics simultaneously [36]. Therefore, in this study, the employed multivariate analysis aims to identify useful traits for efficient and effective fertilizer dosing.…”