“…In the past two decades neural networks have been used successfully to solve complicated pattern recognition and classification problems in many fields such as image analysis and recognition (Adeli and Hung, 1993, 1994; Hung and Adeli, 1993, 1994a; Raftopoulos et al, 2007; Rigatos and Tzafestas, 2007; Gopych, 2008; Khashman and Sekeroglu, 2008), speech recognition (Yau et al, 2007), robotics and computer vision (Sabourin et al, 2007; Taylor et al, 2007; Villaverde et al, 2007; Jorgensen et al, 2008), natural language processing (Ruiz‐Pinales et al, 2008), biomedical engineering and medical diagnosis (Adeli et al, 2005, 2008; Ghosh‐Dastidar et al, 2007; Gil‐Pita and Yao, 2008; Alexandre et al, 2008; Huynh et al, 2008; Khashman, 2008; Nemissi et al, 2008), neuroscience (Ghosh‐Dastidar and Adeli, 2007; Iglesias and Villa, 2008), construction engineering (Adeli and Wu, 1998; Senouci and Adeli, 2001), environmental engineering (Adeli, 2001), structural engineering (Hung and Adeli, 1994b; Adeli and Park, 1995a,b,c, 1996; Park and Adeli, 1995, 1997; Adeli and Karim, 1997a,b; Sirca and Adeli, 2001, 2005; Adeli and Kim, 2001; Tashakori and Adeli, 2002; Ahmadkhanlou and Adeli, 2005; Jiang and Adeli, 2005a, 2007, 2008a,b; Adeli and Jiang, 2006), transportation engineering (Adeli and Samant, 2000; Adeli and Karim, 2000; Samant and Adeli, 2001; Karim and Adeli, 2002; Ghosh‐Dastidar and Adeli, 2003, 2006; Adeli and Jiang, 2003; Dharia and Adeli, 2003; Hooshdar and Adeli, 2004; Jiang and Adeli, 2005b; Cyganek, 2007, 2008), video and audio analysis (Fyfe et al, 2008), computer networking (Kimura and Ikeguchi, 2007), control (Rigatos, 2008; Liu and Zhang, 2008), computer security (Neumann et al, 2007), communication analysis (Chen et al, 2008), reservoir engineering (Banchs et al, 2007), air traffic control (Christodoulou and Kontogeorgou, 2008), solar activity (Ni and Yin, 2008), and financial forecasting (Schneidr and Graupe, 2008). If neural networks can be used for so many different complicated and seemingly in...…”