Morphological, molecular and phytochemical variations induced by colchicine and EMS chemical mutagens in Crocus sativus L.

Samadi, Negin; Naghavi, Mohammad Reza; Moratalla-López, Natalia; Alonso, Gonzalo L.; Shokrpour, Majid

doi:10.1016/j.fochms.2022.100086

Cited by 11 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…When a laboratory technician treated saffron with colchicine and EMS together, ALDH , BGL , and CCD2 gene expression increased by 2-fold ( Samadi et al., 2022 ). Mutations of beneficial characteristics for wheat include dwarfing, early maturity, large grain, and more tillers ( Ferrie et al., 2020 ).…”

Section: The Principles Methods and Process Of Ems Mutagenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Current trends and insights on EMS mutagenesis application to studies on plant abiotic stress tolerance and development

Chen

Liu²,

Sun³

et al. 2023

Front. Plant Sci.

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Ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS)-induced mutagenesis is a powerful tool to generate genetic resource for identifying untapped genes and characterizing the function of genes to understand the molecular basis of important agronomic traits. This review focuses on application of contemporary EMS mutagenesis in the field of plant development and abiotic stress tolerance research, with particular focuses on reviewing the mutation types, mutagenesis site, mutagen concentration, mutagenesis duration, the identification and characterization of mutations responsible for altered stress tolerance responses. The application of EMS mutation breeding combined with genetic engineering in the future plant breeding and fundamental research was also discussed. The collective information in this review will provide good insight on how EMS mutagenesis is efficiently applied to improve abiotic stress tolerance of crops with the utilization of Next-generation sequencing (NGS) for mutation identification.

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Section: The Principles Methods and Process Of Ems Mutagenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Current trends and insights on EMS mutagenesis application to studies on plant abiotic stress tolerance and development

Chen

Liu²,

Sun³

et al. 2023

Front. Plant Sci.

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“…The vital compounds are produced and stored in the thread-like flower stigma (Yue et al, 2020). Samadi et al (2022) documented the effects of chemical mutagens (colchicine and EMS) on the floral characters and revealed the variation in the expression of genes involved in the biosynthesis of apocarotenoids. Polyploidy breeding can bypass challenges faced during C. sativus breeding programs as a sterile triploid.…”

Section: Polyploidy As a Breeding Strategy For Spicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In vivo polyploidization is achieved through the application of an anti‐mitotic agent to portions of an intact plant or plant parts such as seeds, nodal segments, rhizome buds, and corms, which are easy to get and manage and are frequently used as the initial material for polyploidization (Hassanzadeh et al., 2020; Prasath et al., 2022; Samadi et al., 2022). Chemicals can be applied directly through various methods, such as immersion of the seedling as in Agastache foeniculum (Talebi et al., 2017), injection by syringe in Papaver somniferum (Mishra et al., 2010), the cotton plug method in Capsicum annuum (Kulkarni & Borse, 2010), immersion of the root tip in Ocimum basilicum (Omidbaigi et al., 2010), and dropwise application to the apical meristem in A. foeniculum (Talebi et al., 2017).…”

Section: Common Systems Of Polyploidy Generationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Samadi et al. (2022) observed deformed flowers with incomplete tepals and stigma in induced tetraploids of Crocus sativus . All these visual cues clearly demarcate the mutated ones from treated diploids, making it easier to recognize and characterize polyploids from a large population of treated plants.…”

Section: Identification Of Putative Polyploids and Its Verificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Synthetic polyploidy in spice crops: A review

Neenu,

Aswathi,

Prasath

2023

Crop Science

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Spice crops comprise diverse, economically valuable crops with numerous applications ranging from culinary to pharmaceutical industries. Spices are an integral part of cuisines worldwide, imparting characteristic flavor, aroma, and pungency to food. Breeding and crop improvement efforts in spices have focused on enhancing yield and quality parameters (essential oil, oleoresin, fiber, etc.) along with bioactive chemical constituents. The prominent breeding strategies followed are selection, hybridization, mutation, in vitro approaches, and transgenics. Polyploidy is one of the drivers of speciation and evolution, increasing the biological diversity in many crops, including spices. Polyploidy, either through natural means or artificial induction, broadens the scope of crop improvement. The artificial induction of polyploidy is usually done via antimitotic chemicals, duplicating the complete chromosomal set and allowing for genetic alterations and rearrangements that result in phenotypic changes across the board. As a result, increasing ploidy in crops often results in improved yield, biomass, vigor, biotic and abiotic stress tolerance, and secondary metabolite production, all of which can contribute to the economic success of these crops. This review provides an overview of research on artificial polyploidization in spice crops, including the polyploidy induction system, polyploidy generation, and screening methods to select the polyploids of interest. Thus, we have summarized the significant applications of artificial polyploidy in crop improvement that can serve as a potent reference for future research works in the same direction in the under‐explored spice crops.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved

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“…Antimitotic agents can act as mutagens and induce various genetic and epigenetic variations resulting in morphological and cytological changes. These changes may be related to the breakdown of metabolites during synthesis or by rearrangement to form secondary metabolites during potential mutations (Samadi et al, 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Induction and analysis of polyploids in daylily (Hemerocallis L.) plants

Misiukevičius

Stanys

2022

Zemdirbyste-Agriculture

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Daylily (Hemerocallis L.) is a popular herbaceous perennial ornamental plant. The American Hemerocallis Society (AHS) currently has over 96,000 cultivars registered. Of these, half are tetraploids (4x), and the other half are diploids (2x). To enrich the breeding lines of tetraploid daylilies, colchicine is the most widely used. During the experiment, oryzalin (ORZ) and colchicine (CLC) were used for the polyploidisation of daylilies. Germinating seeds derived from diploid and tetraploid daylily cultivars as maternal plants were exposed to solutions of ORZ and CLC at different concentrations. Ploidy of seedlings was determined after six months by flow cytometry, and the obtained results were related to the size of the stomata. Chimerism of the young side shoots developing on treated plants was assessed three years after polyploidisation by checking the ploidy using a flow cytometer. It has been found that whole-genome duplication is not common in daylilies during polyploidisation of germinating seeds -triploids (3x), pentaploids (5x), hexaploids (6x), and heptaploids (7x) were obtained. The optimal concentration of CLC for induction higher ploidy was 125-250 µmol when exposed to seeds of the diploid maternal plant (DMP) and 250-500 µmol when exposed to the tetraploid maternal plant (TMP) one. In the case of ORZ, optimal treatments were 10 µmol for germinating DMP seeds and 40 µmol for TMP seeds, respectively. Stomata size can preliminarily determine daylily ploidy. A flow cytometry should be used for a more accurate determination of ploidy. Individuals treated with antimitotic agents are prone to chimerism. The most extensive ploidy variation observed in individuals with uneven ploidy is usually in the direction of even ploidy. Therefore, the ploidy of clones used for breeding should be checked regularly.

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Morphological, molecular and phytochemical variations induced by colchicine and EMS chemical mutagens in Crocus sativus L.

Cited by 11 publications

References 34 publications

Current trends and insights on EMS mutagenesis application to studies on plant abiotic stress tolerance and development

Current trends and insights on EMS mutagenesis application to studies on plant abiotic stress tolerance and development

Synthetic polyploidy in spice crops: A review

Induction and analysis of polyploids in daylily (Hemerocallis L.) plants

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