Morphological, histological and ultrastructural features of osmophores and nectary of Bulbophyllum wendlandianum (Kraenzl.) Dammer (B. section Cirrhopetalum Lindl., Bulbophyllinae Schltr., Orchidaceae)

Kowalkowska, Agnieszka K.; Kozieradzka-Kiszkurno, Małgorzata; Turzyński, Sławomir

doi:10.1007/s00606-014-1100-2

Cited by 54 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…A small number of researchers (e.g. de Pádua Teixeira et al ., ; Davies & Stpiczyńska, ; Kowalkowska et al ., ; Nunes et al ., ) have already commenced on this colossal task. However, as far as we are aware, to date, the present study is the first to investigate the anatomy of floral secretory tissues in African species of the genus.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Nevertheless, cuticular micro‐channels, similar to those observed for Asian B. wangkaense Seidenf. (Davies & Stpiczyńska, ) and B. wendlandianum (Kowalkowska et al ., ) were present in every species, indicating that they all probably produce fragrances, even though these may not always be perceptible to humans.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(Davies & Stpiczyńska, ) and B. wendlandianum (Kraenzl.) Dammer (section Cirrhopetaloides Garay, Hamer & Siegerist; Kowalkowska, Kozieradzka‐Kiszkurno & Turzyński, ), detailed micro‐morphological studies of Bulbophyllum flowers are scarce (e.g. de Pádua Teixeira, Borba & Semir, ; Nunes et al ., ; Davies & Stpiczyńska, ) and, to date, have not been applied to West African Bulbophyllum spp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diverse labellar secretions in AfricanBulbophyllum(Orchidaceae: Bulbophyllinae) sectionsPtiloglossum,OreonastesandMegaclinium

2015

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Floral food‐rewards of Bulbophyllum range from nectar to protein‐rich mucilage and lipid‐rich labellar secretions. For the first time, the structure of the labellum and the secretory process are investigated for four African Bulbophyllum species. The most specialized type of labellar organization occurred in B. schinzianum, the deep, narrow, median longitudinal groove consisting of palisade‐like secretory cells flanked by trichomes containing lipid droplets, and the copious secretion containing sugar. This groove was absent or poorly defined, shallow and wide, in the remaining taxa, the scant secretion containing lipid. All taxa possessed a striate cuticle lacking cracks and pores, and micro‐channels were present, cuticular blisters occurring only in B. schinzianum. The labellum contained storage parenchyma (B. lupulinum) or mesophyll‐like parenchyma (B. schinzianum), but in section Megaclinium (B. falcatum and B. maximum), these were replaced by aerenchyma. In B. schinzianum, the form of the labellar groove, sweet fragrance and sugary secretion suggest pollination by Hymenoptera, the food‐reward and fragrance indicating that pseudocopulation is unlikely. Conversely, the form of the labellum of taxa having smaller flowers, and the lipid‐rich secretion, suggests pollination by small flies. The labellar aerenchyma may facilitate this process or even aid wind‐assisted pollination. © 2015 The Linnean Society of London, Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2015, 179, 266–287.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diverse labellar secretions in AfricanBulbophyllum(Orchidaceae: Bulbophyllinae) sectionsPtiloglossum,OreonastesandMegaclinium

2015

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“…To date, very few anatomical studies of the labellum have been conducted on Bulbophyllum (de Pádua Teixeira et al, 2004;Nunes et al, 2014Nunes et al, , 2015, and there have been even fewer investigations of its ultrastructure and secretions Kowalkowska et al, 2015;Stpiczyńska et al, 2015). The labellar morphology of the representative members of sect.…”

Section: Discussion Labellum Anatomymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Dammer (Kowalkowska et al, 2015), currently assigned to sect. Cirrhopetaloides Garay, Hamer & Siegerist.…”

Section: Fragrance-secreting Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence for the Dual Role of Floral Secretory Cells in Bulbophyllum

Stpiczyńska

Davies

2016

Acta Biologica Cracoviensia S. Botanica

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Floral epidermal cells of most species of Bulbophyllum Thouars studied to date produce both lipid-rich foodrewards and fragrance. Since fragrances largely consist of terpenoids and have an affinity for lipophilic stains, the simultaneous presence of lipid-rich food-rewards frustrates identification of fragrance-secreting cells by conventional histochemistry. Furthermore, since both lipid-rich food-rewards and fragrances are probably synthesized by a similar complement of organelles, interpretation of TEM images can prove difficult. All members of section Racemosae Benth. & Hook. f. investigated to date, however, are unusual in their secretion of a predominantly proteinaceous food-reward, and lipids are seemingly absent. This might enable their use as models for the identification and characterization of fragrance-secreting tissues and organelles. Three members of sect. Racemosae were chosen, namely Bulbophyllum dissitiflorum Seidenf., B. lilacinum Ridl. and B. tricorne Seidenf. & Smitinand. All produced food-rewards. Of these, one (B. dissitiflorum) lacked fragrance and was used as a control, whereas the remaining two species produced fragrance. Having established that the food-reward was mainly proteinaceous in each case, and did not test positively for lipid, we undertook further histochemical investigations, as well as light microscopy, SEM and TEM. Specialized palisade-like epidermal cells of all species contained protein bodies and rough endoplasmic reticulum consistent with the production and secretion of a protein-rich food-reward. Cuticular pores were also present. In fragrant species, these cells also contained abundant smooth endoplasmic reticulum, oil droplets and many, well-developed, spherical plastids with numerous plastoglobuli, similar to those found in the osmophores (fragrance-producing structures) of other orchids. Indeterminate, osmiophilic cytoplasmic inclusions were also present. By contrast, the non-fragrant species lacked oil droplets and other osmiophilic inclusions and the plastids were scant, poorly developed, often elongate or irregular in shape and contained few plastoglobuli. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum was also less frequent. Since food-rewards tested negatively for lipid, it is probable that any oil droplets present were involved in fragrance production, especially since they were absent from the non-fragrant species. Thus, the unusual absence of lipids from the food-rewards of sect. Racemosae provided a rare opportunity, permitting, for the first time, the unraveling of these two secretory processes (food-reward and fragrance) in Bulbophyllum and clearly demonstrating the plasticity of these cells and their dual role in secretion.

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