Morphological Features of Cell Death

Ziegler, Urs; Groscurth, Peter

doi:10.1152/nips.01519.2004

Cited by 376 publications

(338 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Mitochondria have a leading role in releasing a number of important apoptosis inducing molecules including cytochrome c, SMAC, apoptosis-inducing factor, or endonuclease G as a result of permeabilization of mitochondrial membrane. Permeabilization is triggered by proapoptotic B cell lymphoma (Bcl)-2 family proteins, while the integrity of mitochondrial membrane is maintained by anti-apoptotic members of Bcl-2 family [10,15,16].…”

Section: Morphological and Biochemical Processes Of Apoptosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Major apoptotic mechanisms and genes involved in apoptosis

et al. 2016

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As much as the cellular viability is important for the living organisms, the elimination of unnecessary or damaged cells has the opposite necessity for the maintenance of homeostasis in tissues, organs and the whole organism. Apoptosis, a type of cell death mechanism, is controlled by the interactions between several molecules and responsible for the elimination of unwanted cells from the body. Apoptosis can be triggered by intrinsically or extrinsically through death signals from the outside of the cell. Any abnormality in apoptosis process can cause various types of diseases from cancer to auto-immune diseases. Different gene families such as caspases, inhibitor of apoptosis proteins, B cell lymphoma (Bcl)-2 family of genes, tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor gene superfamily, or p53 gene are involved and/or collaborate in the process of apoptosis. In this review, we discuss the basic features of apoptosis and have focused on the gene families playing critical roles, activation/inactivation mechanisms, upstream/downstream effectors, and signaling pathways in apoptosis on the basis of cancer studies. In addition, novel apoptotic players such as miRNAs and sphingolipid family members in various kind of cancer are discussed.

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Section: Morphological and Biochemical Processes Of Apoptosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Major apoptotic mechanisms and genes involved in apoptosis

et al. 2016

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“…Microscopic observation of cellular nucleus of MCF-7 cells has shown typical features of apoptosis i.e. nuclear fragmentation, blebing, chromatin condensation and small apoptotic bodies that are peculiar feature of apoptotic cells (Ziegler and Groscurth, 2004). While nuclei of MDMB cell lines have shown blebing, bilobed, crescent like structures but not nuclear fragmentation and chromatin condensation as shown in MCF-7 cells (Figure 4).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Curcumin Conjugates Induce Apoptosis Via a Mitochondrion Dependent Pathway in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 Cell Lines

Singh¹,

Agarwal²,

Singh³

et al. 2013

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

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In order to enhance the bioavailability of curcumin its conjugates with piperic acid and glycine were synthesized by esterifying the 4 and 4' phenolic hydroxyls, the sites of metabolic conjugation. Antiproliferative and apoptotic efficacy of synthesized conjugates was investigated in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines. IC 50 values of di-O-glycinoyl (CDG) and di-O-piperoyl (CDP) esters of curcumin were found to be comparable with that of curcumin. Both conjugates induced chromatin condensation fragmentation and apoptotic body formation. CDP exposure to MCF-7 cells induced apoptosis initiating loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (∆ψm) followed by inhibition of translocation of transcription factor NF-kB and release of Cytochrome-C. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was evaluated by fluorescent activated cell sorter. Change in ratio of Bcl2/ Bclxl was observed, suggesting permeablization of mitochondrial membrane leading to the release of AIF, Smac and other apoptogenic molecules. DNA fragmentation as a hallmark for apoptosis was monitored by TUNEL as well as agrose gel electrophoresis. Thus, it was proven that conjugation does not affect the therapeutic potential of parent molecule in vitro, while these could work in vivo as prodrugs with enhanced pharmacokinetic profile. Pharmacokinetics of these molecules under in vivo conditions is a further scope of this study.

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“…In addition, the presence of fragmented nuclei was observed in the three groups. Fragmentation of the nucleus is seen in the process of apoptosis, which occurs in cases of cellular renewal and defense against diseases 28 .…”

Section: ■ Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of duodenal-jejunal bypass on structure of diaphragm in western diet obese rats

et al. 2017

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Effects of duodenal-jejunal bypass on structure of diaphragm in western diet obese rats 1 1-Experimental SurgeryActa Cir Bras. 2017;32(1):1-13 Abstract Purpose: To evaluate the effects of duodenal-jejunal bypass (DJB) on the diaphragm muscle of obese rats fed on a western diet (WD). Methods: Eighteen male Wistar rats were fed a standard rodent chow diet (CTL group) or WD ad libitum. After 10 weeks, WD rats were submitted to sham (WD SHAM) or duodenal-jejunal bypass (WD DJB). The structure, ultrastructure, collagen content and the morphometry of the neuromuscular junctions (NMJs) were analyzed two months after surgery. Results: WD SHAM rats displayed an increase in body weight, the Lee index and retroperitoneal and peri-epididymal fat pads compared to the CTL group. DJB did not alter these parameters. The muscle fiber structure and NMJs were similar in the WD SHAM and CTL groups. However, the WD SHAM group showed alterations in the fiber ultrastructure, such as loosely arranged myofibrils and Z line disorganization. In addition, WD SHAM animals presented a considerable amount of lipid droplets and a reduction in the percentage of collagen compared to the CTL group. DJB did not affect the structure or ultrastructure of the muscle fibers or the NMJs in the diaphragm of the WD DJB animals. Conclusion: Duodenal-jejunal bypass did not improve the alterations observed in the diaphragm of western diet obese-rats.

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Morphological Features of Cell Death

Cited by 376 publications

References 19 publications

Major apoptotic mechanisms and genes involved in apoptosis

Major apoptotic mechanisms and genes involved in apoptosis

Curcumin Conjugates Induce Apoptosis Via a Mitochondrion Dependent Pathway in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 Cell Lines

Effects of duodenal-jejunal bypass on structure of diaphragm in western diet obese rats

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