Morphological, cytological, and pigment analysis of leaf color variants regenerated from long-term subcultured caladium callus

Chen, Jinjin; Zhang, Yuan-Shan; Duan, Jia-Xin; Cao, Yun-Mei; Cai, Xiaodong

doi:10.1007/s11627-020-10106-8

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Caladium varieties with white, red, pink, yellow, purple, and purple black leaves have been developed through sexual hybridization or tissue culture variation (Liu et al, 2018). Although leaf color phenotypes and pigments of some individuals with leaf color variations have been studied (Chen et al, 2021), these colors have not been well classified, which severely limits the identification and evaluation of leaf color traits and the improvement of caladium variety color.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity, classification, and EST‐SSR‐based association analysis of caladium ornamental traits

Zhou

Zhu

et al. 2023

Physiologia Plantarum

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Caladium (Caladium × Hortulanum Birdsey) is a popular ornamental plant with a wide range of vibrant leaf color among Araceae. Even after years of breeding, creating new caladium leaf color variations is extremely difficult. Molecular marker‐assisted selection is an effective approach for accelerating breeding, but few studies on the molecular markers associated with caladium traits have been performed. In the current study, 144 caladium accessions were used to examine 12 phenotypic characteristics. The coefficient of variation for four numerical characters ranged from 23.94% to 43.22%, and the Shannon–Wiener indexes for eight descriptive characters ranged from 0.13 to 1.52. Based on L*, a*, b*, C, h° values determined by a colorimeter and hierarchical cluster analysis, the leaf color can be divided into four groups: pale green, green, light pink, and red. Furthermore, 7708 new SSR loci were identified by transcriptome sequencing, and 26 SSR markers with high polymorphism and reproducibility were screened. Genetic structure, NJ clustering, and PCoA analysis revealed that 144 accessions could be divided into three clusters, with genetic structure being closely related to germplasm origin. An association analysis revealed that the SSR markers 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, and 1 were mainly associated with petiole color, main vein color, blade upperside glossiness, and C, b*, and L* of leaf color (p < 0.01). These findings will serve as a valuable reference for evaluating germplasm resources and caladium molecular marker‐assisted breeding.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity, classification, and EST‐SSR‐based association analysis of caladium ornamental traits

Zhou

Zhu

et al. 2023

Physiologia Plantarum

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“…It has been extensively documented that somaclonal variation occurs amongst regenerants in most economically important plant species during tissue culture, with changes in phenotypic traits, ploidy levels, anatomical structures, biochemical characteristics, DNA sequences, or epigenetic levels [43][44][45]. Although somaclonal variation contributes to the creation of novel genetic variation that is useful for plant genetic improvement, it is undesirable when the aim of an in vitro culture system is clonal propagation for commercial production [43,45]. Therefore, an assessment of the genetic stability of the in vitroregenerated plants is essential for a tissue culture procedure.…”

Section: Genetic Stability Assessment Of In Vitro-regenerated Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant Regeneration via Organogenesis in Jerusalem Artichokes and Comparative Analysis of Endogenous Hormones and Antioxidant Enzymes in Typical and Atypical Shoots

Zhang,

Yin

et al. 2023

Plants

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The Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus) is a tuberous plant with considerable nutrient and bioactive compounds. The optimization of the in vitro clonal propagation protocol is critical for large-scale reproduction and biotechnological applications of Jerusalem artichoke production. In this work, in vitro plant regeneration from the stem nodes of the Jerusalem artichoke via direct organogenesis is presented. In the shoot induction stage, the stem segments produced more shoots with vigorous growth on MS medium containing 0.5 mg/L 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BA). The concentrations of 6-BA and gibberellic acid (GA3) were both optimized at 0.5 mg/L for shoot multiplication, and the combination of 0.05 mg/L indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and 0.05 mg/L 1-naphthylacetic acid (NAA) was the most responsive for root induction, yielding the largest number of roots. The regenerated plantlets were successfully hardened at a 96% survival rate and vigorously grew in the field. The genetic stability of the regenerated plants was confirmed by flow cytometry and simple sequence repeat (SSR) analysis. However, 17.3% of shoots on the optimum shoot induction medium had withered leaves and excessive callus (atypical shoots), which greatly reduced the induction efficiency. Enzyme activity in the typical and atypical shoots was compared. The atypical shoots had significantly higher levels of endogenous indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and abscisic acid (ABA), as well as increased activity of catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), and superoxide dismutase (SOD), whereas the content of 6-BA, zeatin (ZT), and GA3 was significantly reduced. The activity of the three enzymes was positively correlated with the content of IAA and ABA, while being negatively correlated with that of 6-BA, ZT, and GA3. The results suggest that the poor growth of the atypical shoots might be closely related to the significant accumulation of endogenous IAA and ABA, thus significantly increasing antioxidant enzyme activity.

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“…Caladium varieties display different leaf colors, such as white, red, pink, yellow, purple, and purple-black [ 14 ]. However, the genetic mechanism of leaf color diversity in cultivated caladium is poorly understood [ 15 ]. The breeding of cultivated caladium mainly depends on sexual hybridization between varieties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pigment Diversity in Leaves of Caladium × hortulanum Birdsey and Transcriptomic and Metabolic Comparisons between Red and White Leaves

Zhou,

Xu,

Zhu

et al. 2024

IJMS

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Leaf color is a key ornamental characteristic of cultivated caladium (Caladium × hortulanum Birdsey), a plant with diverse leaf colors. However, the genetic improvement of leaf color in cultivated caladium is hindered by the limited understanding of leaf color diversity and regulation. In this study, the chlorophyll and anthocyanin content of 137 germplasm resources were measured to explore the diversity and mechanism of leaf color formation in cultivated caladium. Association analysis of EST-SSR markers and pigment traits was performed, as well as metabolomics and transcriptomics analysis of a red leaf variety and its white leaf mutant. We found significant differences in chlorophyll and anthocyanin content among different color groups of cultivated caladium, and identified three, eight, three, and seven EST-SSR loci significantly associated with chlorophyll-a, chlorophyll-b, total chlorophyll and total anthocyanins content, respectively. The results further revealed that the white leaf mutation was caused by the down-regulation of various anthocyanins (such as cyanidin-3-O-rutinoside, quercetin-3-O-glucoside, and others). This change in concentration is likely due to the down-regulation of key genes (four PAL, four CHS, six CHI, eight F3H, one F3′H, one FLS, one LAR, four DFR, one ANS and two UFGT) involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis. Concurrently, the up-regulation of certain genes (one FLS and one LAR) that divert the anthocyanin precursors to other pathways was noted. Additionally, a significant change in the expression of numerous transcription factors (12 NAC, 12 bZIP, 23 ERF, 23 bHLH, 19 MYB_related, etc.) was observed. These results revealed the genetic and metabolic basis of leaf color diversity and change in cultivated caladium, and provided valuable information for molecular marker-assisted selection and breeding of leaf color in this ornamental plant.

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Morphological, cytological, and pigment analysis of leaf color variants regenerated from long-term subcultured caladium callus

Cited by 10 publications

References 26 publications

Diversity, classification, and EST‐SSR‐based association analysis of caladium ornamental traits

Diversity, classification, and EST‐SSR‐based association analysis of caladium ornamental traits

Plant Regeneration via Organogenesis in Jerusalem Artichokes and Comparative Analysis of Endogenous Hormones and Antioxidant Enzymes in Typical and Atypical Shoots

Pigment Diversity in Leaves of Caladium × hortulanum Birdsey and Transcriptomic and Metabolic Comparisons between Red and White Leaves

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