Morphological Characterization of Five Newly Developed Lines of Arabica Coffee as Compared to Commercial Cultivars in Kenya

Gichimu, Bernard M.; Omondi, Chrispine O.

doi:10.3923/ijpbg.2010.238.246

Cited by 37 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…3, No. 3;2014 41 associated with Arabica coffee (Agwanda et al, 2003;Gichimu & Omondi, 2010). This finding partly concurred with Kathurima et al (2010) who reported significant differences in CGA and caffeine among ten Ruiru 11 sibs.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Biochemical Composition Within Coffea arabica cv. Ruiru 11 and Its Relationship With Cup Quality

Gichimu

Gichuru

Mamati³

et al. 2014

JFR

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Biochemical composition appears to be influenced by both genetic factors and plant growth conditions. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the biochemical composition of selected Ruiru 11 sibs and its relationship with cup quality. Thirty four (34) Ruiru 11 sibs grown in three different locations in Kenya were used in this study. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. Coffee cherries were picked during the peak harvesting period between 2009 and 2011. The cherries were wet processed and graded into different grades based on size, shape and density. Fifty (50) grams of the dry coffee beans per sib per replication were frozen at -80 ºC before grinding (< 0.5 mm particle size) in liquid nitrogen as specified by the Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC). The samples were packed in small plastic bottles and stored at -80 ºC awaiting extraction of biochemical components. Caffeine, trigonelline and total chlorogenic acids were extracted and purified using classical methods and analysed using High Pressure Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). For the lipids, the sample was subjected to Soxhlet extraction using n-hexane. The study demonstrated the existence of high variation in biochemical composition among Ruiru 11 sibs. Significant correlations were observed between biochemical and cup quality traits indicating that biochemical composition plays a major role in determining the sensory quality of coffee. The growing environment was also found to have an effect on biochemical composition as portrayed by high locational variations.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Biochemical Composition Within Coffea arabica cv. Ruiru 11 and Its Relationship With Cup Quality

Gichimu

Gichuru

Mamati³

et al. 2014

JFR

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“…For instance, in apple and pear trees the reproductive and vegetative branches are different (Costes et al 2006), while for coffee trees the branches bearing flowers and fruit grow horizontally from the stem (van der Vossen and Herbert 1985; Cilas et al 2006). In coffee shorter internode length, without a reduction in the numbers of fruit per cluster is also a selection criteria for higher yielding cultivars (Gichimu and Omondi 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tree or shrub: a functional branch analysis of Jatropha curcas L.

Tjeuw¹,

Mulia²,

Slingerland³

et al. 2015

Agroforest Syst

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Jatropha curcas is an oil-bearing semievergreen shrub or small tree with potential as a source of sustainable biofuel, yet information regarding vegetative and fruit biomass in relation to plant architecture is lacking. Research conducted in Indonesia used the tree based functional branch analysis (FBA) model as a non-destructive method to estimate above and belowground biomass, and plant architecture. The FBA utility for shrubs was unknown and required modification. This research used destructive measurements to validate modifications to the FBA model that included subcategorisation of the tapering coefficient for twig, branch, and wood diameter classes, and addition of a fruit load parameter in the distal link. The modified FBA model confirmed jatropha to be a shrub rather than a tree, producing variable estimates for aboveground biomass. This variation was due to morphological plasticity in the length-diameter relationship of the branches that diverged from fractal branching architecture. Fruit biomass variation between replicates was not well estimated and total proximal root diameter was a poor predictor of total root biomass, due to the proximal roots having enlarged water storage structures that do not follow fractal branching assumptions. Jatropha fruit was shown to predominate on twigs with a diameter between 0.9 and 1.4 cm. Understanding the correlation between fruit development and plant architecture will be necessary for fine-tuning the FBA model for future commercial breeding and selection. The high degree of morphological plasticity displayed by jatropha requires consideration when determining plant biomass.

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“…Also, [12] was able to detect significant genetic variations for the quantitative traits examined across germplasm cultivated in the Southwestern region of Saudi Arabia. Conversely, [11] studied the level of morphological variation between and within new and the existing coffee varieties in Kenya but observed fairly slim genetic variation among these varieties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Genetic Diversity of Coffee Accessions in Rwanda and Its Implication for Coffee Breeding

Muvunyi¹,

Sallah²,

Dusengemungu³

et al. 2017

AJPS

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Genetic variation is important in breeding programs because it determines the amount of gain from selection. This study was conducted to determine the magnitude of genetic diversity in coffee (Coffea arabica L.) accessions for developing superior cultivars in Rwanda. Twenty-one coffee accessions established in 1990 in an un-replicated field experiment at the Rubona Experimental Station of the Rwanda Agriculture Board (RAB) located in the mid-altitude zone of Rwanda, were used in the study. Data were recorded on three randomly selected trees on eight quantitative morphological traits in each accession in 2013. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) indicated highly significant (p < 0.01) differences among the accessions for number of primary branches, number of leaves per branch, number of cherries per internode and % coffee leaf rust disease rating; and significant (p < 0.05) for yield, but not for internode length, weight of 100 cherries, and number of internodes per branch. Multivariate analysis showed that the first three principal components contributed cumulatively to 78.3% of the total variation. The PCA biplot grouped all the accessions into three different clusters and one singleton. The first and second PCs accounted for 43% and 21%, respectively. Cluster I and II grouped accessions with valuable quantitative agronomic traits while accessions in cluster III exhibited poor agronomic performance. The highest inter cluster distance of 475 was observed between cluster I and II, and the highest intra-cluster distance (62) was in cluster II. The phenotypic markers provided a useful measure of genetic distances among the coffee accessions and identified potential donors for future breeding efforts.

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Morphological Characterization of Five Newly Developed Lines of Arabica Coffee as Compared to Commercial Cultivars in Kenya

Cited by 37 publications

References 8 publications

Biochemical Composition Within Coffea arabica cv. Ruiru 11 and Its Relationship With Cup Quality

Biochemical Composition Within Coffea arabica cv. Ruiru 11 and Its Relationship With Cup Quality

Tree or shrub: a functional branch analysis of Jatropha curcas L.

Assessment of Genetic Diversity of Coffee Accessions in Rwanda and Its Implication for Coffee Breeding

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