MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTER AND MOLECULAR IDENTIFICATION WITH COI GENE MARKER OF HORSESHOE CRABS (Tachypleus gigas) AT COASTAL WATERS OF NORTHERN JAVA ISLAND

Abstract

The existence of horseshoe crabs Tachypleus gigas is currently on the threatened condition and its population status is also unclear. The objectives of this research were to asses the horseshoe crabs morphological characters and to identify based on molecular marker of Cytochrome ABSTRAKKeberadaan spesies mimi T. gigas saat ini sudah pada kondisi terancam dan status populasinya juga belum diketahui dengan jelas. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk meneliti karakteristik morfologi mimi berdasarkan 27 karakter morfologi dan mengidentifikasi mimi berdasarkan marka gen Cytochrome Oxydase Subunit I (COI). Sampel diambil dari lima lokasi (Segara Menyan Subang, Ujung Kulon Banten, Tambak Lorok Semarang, Betah Walang Demak, dan Kenjeran Surabaya) pada bulan Oktober 2014 sampai Juni 2015. Sebanyak 27 karakter morfologi dari 62 individu digunakan untuk mengetahui konektivitas dan karakteristik antar populasi. Pengujian data dilakukan dengan menggunakan analisis non-parametrik. Sedangkan, 5 individu dari masing masing lokasi digunakan untuk analisis molekuler yang meliputi beberapa tahapan diantaranya yaitu ekstraksi DNA genomik, elektroforesis DNA, amplifikasi dan visualisasi fragmen DNA, serta sekuensing DNA. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa T. gigas Surabaya membentuk kelompok tersendiri karena memiliki ukuran tubuh (X1-X2 dan X4-X16) lebih besar dan 5 anggota tubuh (X22, X23, X26-X28) yang relatif lebih besar dibandingkan Semarang, Demak, Subang, dan Banten. Tidak terdapat konektivitas antar populasi berdasarkan karakter mor-fologi. Dihasilkan nukleotida dengan panjang 650 pb bersifat conserve. Analisis menggunakan soft-ware MEGA 5.0 menunjukkan sebanyak 73 situs spesifik yang merupakan penciri yang membedakan T. gigas in groups dengan T. gigas dari Central Arabian Sea, T. tridentatus dari Sweden dan Car-cinoscorpius rotundicauda dari USA sebagai outgroups.

Study of Horseshoe Crab as Bycatch Around Bottom Gillnet in Mayangan Waters, Subang, West Java

“…The dredges gear contribute 6% of fish deaths are categorized as severe with some body parts missed or defects. Horseshoe crab is considered as pests for fisherman and often used as children's toys in Mayangan [12], because there is no utilization of horseshoe crab and local management regulation. Most horseshoe crabs was immediately thrown into the sea and some were released on land and dumped at the river.…”

“…The operation of crab gillnet in Mayangan absolutely catches blue crab as the main target, but the target catch was less than horseshoe crab accordance to the proportion. According to reference number [14] as [12], Mayangan region is an area where fisherman can find horseshoe crab easily and it is often trapped in fishing nets. Another physical condition where crabs can live in an intertidal area with a distance from the coast reaching 50 km [4] and at 24 0C, salinity up to 20 psu [15].…”

“…12 / KPS -II / 1987). The horseshoe crab is one of the ancient animals [8]- [10] which its existence is increasingly threatened [11]- [12]. According to reference number [13]- [5] showed the operation of gillnet for crab (blue crab) in North Carolina also catch horseshoe crab as bycatch.…”

“…According to reference number [13]- [5] showed the operation of gillnet for crab (blue crab) in North Carolina also catch horseshoe crab as bycatch. Nowadays, the existences of horseshoe crab as bycatch can be found in the fishing operation of the crab gillnet (Portunus pelagicus) in Mayangan waters Subang regency of West Java [14], [12].…”

Pelatihan Pemberdayaan Istri Nelayan Melalui Pelatihan Digital Marketing Strategy (DMS) Darah Biru

“…12/Kpts-II/1987 dan Peraturan Pemerintah RI No. 7/1999 [4]. Salah satu keunikan yang dimiliki kepiting ini yaitu darah yang berada di dalam tubuh tidak mengandung Hemoglobin melainkan mengandung Hemocyanin.…”