Morphological changes in the experimental model of polycystic ovary syndrome and effects of vitamin D treatment

Abstract

Aim This research was designed to develop an animal model by inducing polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) with dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and observe reproductive and morphological changes after treatment with vitamin D. Materials and Methods Thirty pre‐pubertal female Sprague–Dawley (SD) dams were recruited. The animals were distributed 10 each in control, PCOS and vitamin D‐treated groups. In control group 0.2 ml of sesame oil was given. PCOS group was administered DHEA by the daily dose of 6 mg/kg for 30 days. In vitamin D‐treated group, animals were injected 6 mg/kg/day DHEA daily and 120 ng 1, 25(OH) 2D3/100 g subcutaneously once a week. The occurrence of reproductive phenotypic PCOS was evaluated by estrous cycle, morphology and histological changes of ovary, uterus on light microscope. Results The results of this study showed significant weight gain, obesity, and estrous irregularity in PCOs group as compared to control and vitamin D‐treated group. Conclusion Administration of vitamin D (120 ng 1, 25(OH) 2D3/100) improved the cycle characteristics, reduced body weight and morphological features in PCOS induced animals. The results support the effect of vitamin D treatment for metabolic and reproductive characteristic features in PCOS females.

Oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction of granulosa cells in polycystic ovarian syndrome

“…Moreover, vitamin D stimulates the expression of mitochondrial transcription factor A, increases mtDNA copy number, and improves the integrity of the mitochondrial membrane ( 98 ). In DHEA-induced PCOS rat models, vitamin D supplementation improved ovarian and uterine morphology, and reduced body weight and obesity ( 99 ). Additionally, vitamin D regulates steroid production and reduces progesterone (P) and E 2 production by reducing the expression of steroidogenic enzymes.…”

Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Chronic Inflammation in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

“…Vitamin D treatment stimulates the expression of the TFAM (mitochondrial transcription factor A) gene, the main nuclear regulator of mitochondria biogenesis, leading to a higher copy number of mtDNA and improved membrane integrity [107]. Vitamin D supplementation improved ovary and uterus morphology and decreased weight and obesity levels in DHEA-induced PCOS rat models [108]. Additionally, vitamin D regulates steroidogenesis by reducing the expression of steroidogenic enzymes and reduces the production of progesterone and 17B-estradiol [109].…”

1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D inhibits hepatic diacyglycerol accumulation and ameliorates metabolic dysfunction in polycystic ovary syndrome rat models

“…In current work, we observed that letrozole-treated rats exhibited a significant increase in body weight and a decrease in serum 25(OH)D concentration; these results are consistent with previous observations ( Grzesiak et al, 2021 ). Moreover, a previous study confirmed amelioration of weight gain after a subcutaneous injection of 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 ( Azhar et al, 2021 ). Furthermore, the results of randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trials conducted in women with PCOS found that vitamin D supplementation led to metabolic benefits ( Foroozanfard et al, 2017 ; Javed et al, 2019 ).…”