“…Electron backscattering (BSE) and element-distribution methods by X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), attached to the Tescan Mira 3 LMU scanning electron microscope (SEM), were used to obtain a transverse contrast image for the distribution of elements, respectively. Sliding wear resistance was evaluated by tribometer TRB 3 (Anton Paar Srl, Peseux, Switzerland) using a standard-procedure "ball-disk" (international standards ASTM G 133-95 and ASTM G99), whereas counter-body, they used a ball-disk with a diameter of 6.0 mm, SiC coated steel, a load of 6 N, a linear speed 15 cm/s, a radius of curvature 5 mm, and a friction path 100 m [22]. The surface roughness of the titanium-based coatings (Ra) was estimated by means of the profilometer model 130 (JSC "Plant Proton", Moscow, Russia).…”