Morphological brain alterations in dialysis- and non-dialysis-dependent patients with chronic kidney disease

Abstract

To 1) investigate the morphological brain-tissue changes in patients with dialysis-and non-dialysisdependent chronic kidney disease (CKD); 2) analyze the effects of CKD on whole-brain cortical thickness, cortical volume, surface area, and surface curvature; and 3) analyze the correlation of these changes with clinical and biochemical indices. MethodsThis study included normal controls (NCs, n = 34) as well as patients with CKD who were divided into dialysis (diagnosis-dependent chronic kidney disease [DD-CKD], n = 26) and non-dialysis (non-dialysis patients who underwent cranial magnetic resonance imaging [MRI] scans [NDD-CKD], n = 26) groups.Cortical thickness, volume, surface area, and surface curvature in each group were calculated using FreeSurfer software. Brain morphological indicators with statistical differences were correlated with clinical and biochemical indicators. ResultsPatients with CKD exhibited a signi cant and widespread decrease in thickness and volume compared with NCs. Among the brain regions associated with higher neural activity, patients with CKD exhibited more signi cant morphological changes in the paracentral gyrus, transverse temporal gyrus, and lateral occipital cortex than in other brain regions. Cortical thickness and volume in patients with CKD correlated with blood pressure, lipid, hemoglobin, creatinine, and urea nitrogen levels. The extent of brain atrophy was further increased in the DD-CKD group compared with that in the NDD-CKD group. ConclusionPatients with CKD potentially exhibit a certain degree of structural brain-tissue imaging changes, with morphological changes more pronounced in patients with DD-CKD, suggesting that blood urea nitrogen and dialysis may be in uential factors in brain morphological changes in patients with CKD.

Insulin Resistance in End-Stage Renal Disease Patients: A Review

“…The two most common causes of ESRD are hypertension and diabetes (Banerjee et al, 2022). This disease has harmful effects on many vital symptoms including cardiovascular diseases (Laville et al, 2023), alteration of brain morphology (Yu et al, 2023), accelerated vascular aging (Hobson et al, 2023), stroke (Bobot et al, 2023), neuropathy (Arekapudi and Smith, 2022), and neurological disorders (Hanan et al, 2022). Neuropathy is nerve damage that causes tingling, numbness, pain, and other abnormal nerve sensations in the peripheral nerves (Gultekin, 2022).…”