Morphological, Biometrical, Biochemical, and Molecular Characterization of the Coffee Root-Knot Nematode <i>Meloidogyne megadora</i>

Maleita, Carla; Almeida, Ana Maria; Vovlas, N.; Abrantes, Isabel

doi:10.1094/pdis-01-16-0112-re

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Also, three ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 rDNA sequences were deposited on GenBank (accession numbers: KY433428-KY433430) because this remains a frequently used region for identification of plant-parasitic nematodes [63, 67]. However, ITS has been described to exhibit multiple highly divergent copies in a single Meloidogyne individual due to the suggested hybrid origin of these species [63, 68].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Integrative taxonomy of root-knot nematodes reveals multiple independent origins of mitotic parthenogenesis

et al. 2017

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During sampling of several Coffea arabica plantations in Tanzania severe root galling, caused by a root-knot nematode was observed. From pure cultures, morphology and morphometrics of juveniles and females matched perfectly with Meloidogyne africana, whereas morphology of the males matched identically with those of Meloidogyne decalineata. Based on their Cox1 sequence, however, the recovered juveniles, females and males were confirmed to belong to the same species, creating a taxonomic conundrum. Adding further to this puzzle, re-examination of M. oteifae type material showed insufficient morphological evidence to maintain its status as a separate species. Consequently, M. decalineata and M. oteifae are synonymized with M. africana, which is herewith redescribed based on results of light and scanning electron microscopy, ribosomal and mitochondrial DNA sequences, isozyme electrophoresis, along with bionomic and cytogenetic features. Multi-gene phylogenetic analysis placed M. africana outside of the three major clades, together with M. coffeicola, M. ichinohei and M. camelliae. This phylogenetic position was confirmed by several morphological features, including cellular structure of the spermatheca, egg mass position, perineal pattern and head shape. Moreover, M. africana was found to be a polyphagous species, demonstrating that “early-branching” Meloidogyne spp. are not as oligophagous as had previously been assumed. Cytogenetic information indicates M. africana (2n = 21) and M. ardenensis (2n = 51–54) to be a triploid mitotic parthenogenetic species, revealing at least four independent origins of mitotic parthenogenesis within the genus Meloidogyne. Furthermore, M. mali (n = 12) was found to reproduce by amphimixis, indicating that amphimictic species with a limited number of chromosomes are widespread in the genus, potentially reflecting the ancestral state of the genus. The wide variation in chromosome numbers and associated changes in reproduction modes indicate that cytogenetic evolution played a crucial role in the speciation of root-knot nematodes and plant-parasitic nematodes in general.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, ITS has been described to exhibit multiple highly divergent copies in a single Meloidogyne individual due to the suggested hybrid origin of these species [63, 68]. Since M .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrative taxonomy of root-knot nematodes reveals multiple independent origins of mitotic parthenogenesis

et al. 2017

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“…graminis (Sledge and Golden, 1964) Whitehead, 1968 [ 53 , 54 ]; M . megadora Whitehead, 1968 [ 52 , 54 , 55 ]; M . mersa Siddiqi & Booth, 1991 [ 56 ]; M .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Meloidogyne aberrans sp. nov. (Nematoda: Meloidogynidae), a new root-knot nematode parasitizing kiwifruit in China

Tao

Yuan

et al. 2017

PLoS ONE

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High infection rates of roots of wild kiwifruit (Actinidia chinensis Planch) and soil infestation by a root-knot nematode were found in Anshun, GuiZhou Province, China. Morphology, esterase phenotype and molecular analyses confirmed that this nematode was different from previously described root-knot nematodes. In this report, the species is described, illustrated and named Meloidogyne aberrans sp. nov. The new species has a unique combination of characters. A prominent posterior protuberance, round and faint perineal pattern and a medium-length stylet (13.6–15.5 μm) characterized the females. Second-stage juveniles (J2) were characterized by a smooth lip region with distinctly protruded medial lips and a depression in outline at the oral aperture, a relatively long stylet (15.9–16.8 μm), four incisures in the lateral field and a very short, even poorly defined, hyaline tail terminus (2.2–5.5 μm). More incisures (11–15) existed in the lateral field of males, and the stylet and spicules of males were 18.2–19.6 μm and 22.7–36.8 μm long respectively. Egg masses were typically produced within the roots of kiwifruit. The new species had a rare Est phenotype, S2. Phylogenetic trees inferred from SSU, LSU D2D3, ITS, and partial coxII-16S rRNA revealed that M. aberrans sp. nov. was within the Meloidogyne clade and was distinguished from all described root-knot nematodes. Moreover, from histopathological observations, M. aberrans sp. nov. induced the formation of multinucleate giant cells.

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“…The technology of isozyme (in particular Est and Mdh) electrophoretic is a relatively old method for the identification of Meloidogyne spp., but it is still used by many researchers to identify some RKNs. This technique remains as an effective methodology with which to unambiguously identify and differentiate Meloidogyne megadora [49]. In this research, the band phenotypes of malate dehydrogenase from the new species were different from those of other RKNs reported to date; the new species produced three bands and showed the N3d phenotype.…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 79%

A new root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne vitis sp. nov. (Nematoda: Meloidogynidae), parasitizing grape in Yunnan

Yang

Liu

et al. 2021

PLoS ONE

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An unknown root-knot nematode was found at high density on grape roots collected from Yunnan Province. Morphometric traits and measurements, isozyme phenotypes, and molecular analysis clearly differentiated this nematode from previously described root-knot nematodes. This new species is described, illustrated and named Meloidogyne vitis sp. nov. The new species can be distinguished from other Meloidogyne spp. by a unique combination of characters. Females display a prominent neck, an excretory pore is located on the ventral region between 23rd and 25th annule behind lips, an EP/ST ratio of approximately 2.5 (1.98–2.96), a perineal pattern with two large and prominent phasmids, and a labial disc fused with the medial lips to form a dumbbell-shaped structure. Males display an obvious head region, a labial disc fused with the medial lips to form a dumbbell-shaped structure, no lateral lips, a prominent slit-like opening between the labial disc and medial lips, a distinct sunken appearance of the middle of the medial lips, and four incisures in the lateral field. Second-stage juveniles are characterized by a head region with slightly wrinkled mark, a labial disc fused with the medial lips to form a dumbbell-shaped structure, a slightly sunken appearance of the middle of the medial lips, a slit-like amphidial openings between the labial disc and lateral lips, and four incisures in the lateral field. The new species has rare Mdh (N3d) and Est phenotypes (VF1). Phylogenetic analysis based on ITS1-5.8S-ITS2, D2D3 fragments of rDNA, and coxI and coxII fragments of mtDNA sequences clearly separated the new species from other root-knot nematodes, and the closest relative was Meloidogyne mali. Meloidogyne mali was collected for amplifying these sequences as mentioned above, which were compared with the corresponding sequences of new species, the result showed that all of these sequences with highly base divergence (48–210 base divergence). Moreover, sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR) primers for rapid identification of this new species were designed.

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Morphological, Biometrical, Biochemical, and Molecular Characterization of the Coffee Root-Knot Nematode Meloidogyne megadora

Cited by 5 publications

References 18 publications

Integrative taxonomy of root-knot nematodes reveals multiple independent origins of mitotic parthenogenesis

Integrative taxonomy of root-knot nematodes reveals multiple independent origins of mitotic parthenogenesis

Meloidogyne aberrans sp. nov. (Nematoda: Meloidogynidae), a new root-knot nematode parasitizing kiwifruit in China

A new root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne vitis sp. nov. (Nematoda: Meloidogynidae), parasitizing grape in Yunnan

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