Morphological, Biochemical, and Climatological Analysis of Three Moroccan Henna Verities

Abstract

In this study, we aimed to evaluate planted Henna in three sites in Morocco, namely, Alnif, Tafraoute Sidi Ali, and Tazzarine. Morphometric study shows that Tafraoute Sidi Ali Henna variety has highest geometric and weight parameters (length of 27.48 mm, width of 10.92 mm, specific mass of 25.1 mg/leaf, leaf area of 51, 53 mm2, and rib’s number of 9.41) when compared to Alnif and Tazzarine varieties. On the other hand, biochemical analysis shows that Tazzarine Henna variety, in the first rank, is characterized by high levels of total sugars (11.27 g/100 g), reducing sugars (5.59 g/100 g), proteins (4.4 g/100g), lipids (3.05 g/100g), phenolic compounds (31.9 g/100 g), flavonoids (5.68 g/100 g), and tannins (5.5 g/100 g). Chromatographic study shows that Tazzarine Henna variety is rich in monocyclic and polycyclic phenolic compounds. Climatic conditions analysis shows that the morphometric and biochemical diversity is related to hydrous and thermal profiles of studied sites. As a conclusion of this work, we can recommend the use of morphometric analysis and phytochemical and chromatographic analysis to determine the quality of Henna in Morocco and elsewhere.

Phenolic Composition and Wound Healing Potential Assessment of Moroccan Henna (Lawsonia inermis) Aqueous Extracts

“…The protective effect of our formulated treatments on burned skin is directly related to their lipid content. This has been revealed by El Massoudi et al, who showed that the extracts of L. inermis leaves are very rich in total lipids [39].…”

“…A study revealed that the healing effect of these natural blends is due to mechanisms such as cell multiplication, activation of collagen synthesis, antioxidant power and antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects [38]. In the case of L. inermis, its richness in bioactive molecules such as fatty acids, triglycerides, saponins, tannins, flavonoids, polyphenols and others [39,40] has been observed. These compounds contain a hydroxyl function that allows them to trap free radicals, giving them significant antioxidant power.…”

Phytochemical and Pharmacological Activities of Natural Dye Plant, Lawsonia inermis L. (Henna)

“…27 The methanolic extract of Henna leaves that cultivated in three different sites in Morocco showed the highest flavonoid compounds in Henna cultivated in Alnif at 13.52 g/100 g followed by 8.04 g/100 g Henna from Tafraoute Sidi Ali. The lowest flavonoids compound was found in Henna from Tazzarine at 5.68 g/100 g. 28 A sample of Henna leaves was collected in Elele, Ikwerre L.G.A., Rivers State. The Henna leaves were extracted using two different solvents (N-butanol leaf extract and ethylacetate leaf extract).…”

“…The result showed high amounts of gallic acid at 81 mg/100 g DW (26). Soukaina et al 28 conducted a study to evaluate the Henna leaves in three different sites in Morocco which are Alnif, Tafraoute Sidi Ali and Tazzarine. The collected Henna leaves were extracted using methanol.…”

“…The phenolic compounds present in Henna cultivated in Alnif and Tafraoute Sidi Ali is 25.6 g/100 g and 27.1 g/100 g respectively. 28 Danzarami et al 31 conducted phytochemical screening of Henna leaves collected in Nigeria. The extraction of Henna was carried out by soaking 50 g of Henna leaves in 500 mL of methanol, ethyl acetate and distilled water for three days.…”