Morphological Bifurcations Involving Reaction-Diffusion Processes During Microtubule Formation

Tabony, J.

doi:10.1126/science.8146654

Cited by 88 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The in vitro MT treadmilling rate reaches 4.2 µm/min [15], which would give a treadmilling distance over 6 min of 25 µm that is close to one of the periodicities shown in (Figure 1b). For the reported time of 12 h, treadmilling could reach the 3 mm limit, in agreement with the greatest periodicity in TE [12].…”

supporting

confidence: 63%

“…A second set of samples (control) taken into space was subjected to an equivalent of 1 g obtained by centrifugation and showed striped or circular patterns of self-organization in complete analogy to the results obtained on Earth. Importantly, GF was pointed out [10][11][12][13] as a trigger for spatial self-organization under conditions close to a bifurcation point for these non-linear systems.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tabony's team, in a series of experiments (Tabony's experiments) demonstrated a significant role of GF in the formation of spatio-temporal patterns by assemblies of MTs in vitro [10][11][12][13]. In these experiments, purified tubulin (TB) was polymerized by warming the sample from 7-37…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gravitational Symmetry Breaking Leads to a Polar Liquid Crystal Phase of Microtubules In Vitro

et al. 2005

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Abstract. Recent space-flight experiments performed by Tabony's team provided further evidence that a microgravity environment strongly affects the spatio-temporal organization of microtubule assemblies. Characteristic time and length scales were found that govern the organization of oriented bundles under Earth's gravitational field (GF). No such organization has been observed in a microgravity environment. This paper discusses physical mechanisms resulting in pattern formation under gravity and its disappearance in microgravity. The subtle interplay between chemical kinetics, diffusion, gravitational drift, thermal fluctuations, electrostatic interactions and liquid crystalline characteristics provides a plausible scenario.

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supporting

confidence: 63%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gravitational Symmetry Breaking Leads to a Polar Liquid Crystal Phase of Microtubules In Vitro

et al. 2005

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“…In Pleurodeles, the observed abnormalities, cortical cytoplasm movements, decrease of cell adhesion and loss of cells, probably concern the cell membrane, as suggested by the results of Schatz et al (1990), Claassen et al (1996) and Aimar et al (2000). Modifications or alterations of physico-chemical properties of the membrane could involve the cytoskeleton (Spooner et al 1994;Tabony 1994;Lewis et al 1998). It will be interesting to determine whether abnormalities involve modifications of cell membrane or cell junctions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Effects of space environment on embryonic growth up to hatching of salamander eggs fertilized and developed during orbital flights.

et al. 2002

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In vertebrates, only few experiments have been performed in microgravity to study the embryonic development from fertilization. To date, these concern only amphibian and fish. We report here a study on the embryonic development of Pleurodeles waltl (urodele amphibian) eggs oviposited in microgravity. The experiment was performed twice on board the Mir space station and the data obtained included video recording and morphological, histological and immunocytological analyses. The data confirm that the microgravity conditions have effects during the embryonic period, particularly during cleavage and neurulation, inducing irregular segmentation and abnormal closure of the neural tube. Moreover, we observed several abnormalities hither to undescribed corresponding to cortical cytoplasm movements, a decrease of cell adhesion and a loss of cells. These abnormalities were temporary and subsequently reversible. The young larvae that hatched during the flight displayed normal morphology and swimming behavior after landing. The results obtained in the urodele Pleurodeles waltl are in accordance with those observed earlier in the anuran Xenopus laevis and in the fish Oryzias latipes.

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“…4 critical "bifurcation" time early in the process (6 min) before any pattern is visible [33]. Selforganisation does not occur when preparations are exposed to conditions of weightlessness for the first 13 minutes of the process [27].…”

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of weightlessness on colloidal particle transport and segregation in self-organising microtubule preparations

Tabony

Rigotti

Glade

et al. 2007

Biophysical Chemistry

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Cortès. Effect of weightlessness on colloidal particle transport and segregation in self-organising microtubule preparations. Biophysical Chemistry, Elsevier, 2007, 127 (3) This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. A C C E P T E D M A N U S C R I P T ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT ABSTRACTWeightlessness is known to effect cellular functions by as yet undetermined processes.Many experiments indicate a role of the cytoskeleton and microtubules. Under appropriate conditions in vitro microtubule preparations behave as a complex system that self-organises by a combination of reaction and diffusion. This process also results in the collective transport and organisation of any colloidal particles present. In large centimetre-sized samples, selforganisation does not occur when samples are exposed to a brief early period of weightlessness. Here, we report both space-flight and ground-based (clinorotation) experiments on the effect of w eightlessness on the transport and segregation of colloidal particles and chromosomes. In centimetre-sized containers, both methods show that a brief initial period of weightlessness strongly inhibits particle transport. In miniature cell-sized containers under normal gravity conditions, the particle transport that self-organisation causes results in their accumulation into segregated regions of high and low particle density. The gravity dependence of this behaviour is strongly shape dependent. In square wells, neither self-organisation nor particle transport and segregation occur under conditions of weightlessness. On the contrary, in rectangular canals, both phenomena are largely unaffected by weightlessness. These observations suggest, depending on factors such as cell and embryo shape, that major biological functions associated with microtubule driven particle transport and organisation might be strongly perturbed by weightlessness.

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Morphological Bifurcations Involving Reaction-Diffusion Processes During Microtubule Formation

Cited by 88 publications

References 22 publications

Gravitational Symmetry Breaking Leads to a Polar Liquid Crystal Phase of Microtubules In Vitro

Gravitational Symmetry Breaking Leads to a Polar Liquid Crystal Phase of Microtubules In Vitro

Effects of space environment on embryonic growth up to hatching of salamander eggs fertilized and developed during orbital flights.

Effect of weightlessness on colloidal particle transport and segregation in self-organising microtubule preparations

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