Morphological Assessment of Concomitant Lesions Detected in Goat Herds Naturally Infected with Paratuberculosis (Johne’s Disease)

Stefanova, Elena Plamenova; Quesada‐Canales, Óscar; Paz-Sánchez, Yania; Caballero, M. J.; Montesdeoca, María del Pino Quintana; Monteros, A. Espinosa de los; Rivero, Miguel; Castro, Amilcar de; Pérez, Valentín Pérez; Andrada, M.

doi:10.3390/ani13101693

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 46 publications

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“…Initially, the infection is driven by the host's cell-mediated immune response and incites a granulomatous inflammatory reaction in the intestinal tissue and mesenteric lymph nodes, resulting in protein-losing enteropathy, malabsorption, diarrhea, weight loss, and edema [16]. MAP infections initiate signaling pathways and several factors, including protective Th1 cell responses with INF-γ release, which leads to the activation of antimicrobial mechanisms in macrophages, phago-lysosomal maturation, acidification, and bacterial killing [17].…”

Section: Introduction 1introduction To Intestine-related Pathologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long Non-Coding RNAs and Their “Discrete” Contribution to IBD and Johne’s Disease—What Stands out in the Current Picture? A Comprehensive Review

Triantaphyllopoulos

2023

IJMS

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Non-coding RNAs (ncRNA) have paved the way to new perspectives on the regulation of gene expression, not only in biology and medicine, but also in associated fields and technologies, ensuring advances in diagnostic means and therapeutic modalities. Critical in this multistep approach are the associations of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) with diseases and their causal genes in their networks of interactions, gene enrichment and expression analysis, associated pathways, the monitoring of the involved genes and their functional roles during disease progression from one stage to another. Studies have shown that Johne’s Disease (JD), caused by Mycobacterium avium subspecies partuberculosis (MAP), shares common lncRNAs, clinical findings, and other molecular entities with Crohn’s Disease (CD). This has been a subject of vigorous investigation owing to the zoonotic nature of this condition, although results are still inconclusive. In this review, on one hand, the current knowledge of lncRNAs in cells is presented, focusing on the pathogenesis of gastrointestinal-related pathologies and MAP-related infections and, on the other hand, we attempt to dissect the associated genes and pathways involved. Furthermore, the recently characterized and novel lncRNAs share common pathologies with IBD and JD, including the expression, molecular networks, and dataset analysis results. These are also presented in an attempt to identify potential biomarkers pertinent to cattle and human disease phenotypes.

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Section: Introduction 1introduction To Intestine-related Pathologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long Non-Coding RNAs and Their “Discrete” Contribution to IBD and Johne’s Disease—What Stands out in the Current Picture? A Comprehensive Review

Triantaphyllopoulos

2023

IJMS

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Detection of caprine paratuberculosis (Johne's disease) in pre- and post-vaccinated herds: morphological diagnosis, lesion grading, and bacterial identification

Stefanova,

Sierra,

Fernández

et al. 2024

Front. Vet. Sci.

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Samples from the mesenteric lymph nodes (MS LNs) and ileocecal valves (ICV) of 105 goats, comprising 61 non-vaccinated and 44 vaccinated against Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP), were collected at slaughter from a farm with a confirmed history of paratuberculosis (PTB). These goats had subclinical infections. PTB-compatible lesions in the MS LNs, ICV lamina propria (LP), and Peyer's patches (PPs) were graded separately. Furthermore, the load of acid-fast bacilli was quantified using Ziehl-Neelsen staining (ZN), MAP antigens by immunohistochemistry (IHC), and MAP DNA by PCR targeting the IS900 sequence. Gross PTB-compatible lesions were found in 39% of the goats, with 31.72% vaccinated (V) and 68.29% non-vaccinated (nV). Histopathological lesions induced MAP were observed in 58% of the animals, with 36.07% vaccinated and 63.93% non-vaccinated. The inclusion of histopathology as a diagnostic tool led to a 28% increase in diagnosed cases in MS LNs and 86.05% in ICV. Grade IV granulomas with central mineralization and necrosis were the most common lesions in MS LNs. In the ICV, mild granulomatous enteritis with multifocal foci of epithelioid macrophages was predominant, occurring more frequently in the PPs than in the LP. Furthermore, statistical differences in the presence of histopathological lesions between vaccinated and non-vaccinated goats were noted in MS LNs, ICV LPs, and ICV PPs. Non-vaccinated animals showed higher positivity rates in ZN, IHC, and PCR tests, underscoring the benefits of anti-MAP vaccination in reducing PTB lesions and bacterial load in target organs. Our findings emphasize the necessity of integrating gross and histopathological assessments with various laboratory techniques for accurate morphological and etiological diagnosis of PTB in both vaccinated and non-vaccinated goats with subclinical disease. However, further studies are required to refine sampling protocols for subclinical PTB in goats to enhance the consistency of diagnostic tools.

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Caprine Paratuberculosis Seroprevalence and Immune Response to Anti-Mycobacterium avium Subspecies paratuberculosis Vaccination on the Canary Islands, Spain

Stefanova,

Paz-Sánchez,

Quesada-Canales

et al. 2024

Veterinary Sciences

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Paratuberculosis (PTB), caused by Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP), is a chronic disease with economic impact on ruminant farming worldwide. The Canary Islands count with the fourth largest goat population in Spain and are “officially free” of bovine tuberculosis. Twelve farms were included with 2774 serum samples tested by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for detection of anti-MAP antibodies in two sessions. In the first session, an overall apparent prevalence of 18.4% (2.5% up to 61.1%) was obtained. Farms with prevalences (0–10%], (10–20%] and >20% were identified, with differences in seroconversion in the same prevalence group between farms and age ranges. Non-vaccinated (nV) and vaccinated (V) animals were included in the second sampling session. Higher levels of antibodies were detected in V animals older than 12 months, with considerable variations between age ranges and farms. Our results describe the current PTB status of the Canary Islands’ goat farming. Furthermore, new insights on the effect of the farm prevalence on seroconversion in V animals are provided, although further studies are needed to evaluate the multiple factors affecting the immune response to anti-MAP vaccination.

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Morphological Assessment of Concomitant Lesions Detected in Goat Herds Naturally Infected with Paratuberculosis (Johne’s Disease)

Cited by 3 publications

References 46 publications

Long Non-Coding RNAs and Their “Discrete” Contribution to IBD and Johne’s Disease—What Stands out in the Current Picture? A Comprehensive Review

Long Non-Coding RNAs and Their “Discrete” Contribution to IBD and Johne’s Disease—What Stands out in the Current Picture? A Comprehensive Review

Detection of caprine paratuberculosis (Johne's disease) in pre- and post-vaccinated herds: morphological diagnosis, lesion grading, and bacterial identification

Caprine Paratuberculosis Seroprevalence and Immune Response to Anti-Mycobacterium avium Subspecies paratuberculosis Vaccination on the Canary Islands, Spain

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