Morphological aspects of ionizing radiation response of small intestine

Somosy, Z.; Horváth, Gy.; Telbisz, Ágnes; Réz, Gábor; Pálfia, Zsolt

doi:10.1016/s0968-4328(01)00013-0

Cited by 97 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…4C), however, at the levels that ensure recovery in mice receiving radiation treatment. 13 In lethally irradiated mice, mortality results from damage to rapidly dividing tissues such as GI mucosa 14 and bone marrow suppression. 15 There were no signs of radiation damage in the stomachs, large and small intestines (LI and SI, respectively) in the surviving mice in black mushroom and melanin-supplemented groups (Fig.…”

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compton Scattering by Internal Shields Based on Melanin-Containing Mushrooms Provides Protection of Gastrointestinal Tract from Ionizing Radiation

Revskaya

Chu

Howell

et al. 2012

Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals

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There is a need for radioprotectors that protect normal tissues from ionizing radiation in patients receiving high doses of radiation and during nuclear emergencies. We investigated the possibility of creating an efficient oral radioprotector based on the natural pigment melanin that would act as an internal shield and protect the tissues via Compton scattering followed by free radical scavenging. CD-1 mice were fed melanin-containing black edible mushrooms Auricularia auricila-judae before 9 Gy total body irradiation. The location of the mushrooms in the body before irradiation was determined by in vivo fluorescent imaging. Black mushrooms protected 80% of mice from the lethal dose, while control mice or those given melanin-devoid mushrooms died from gastrointestinal syndrome. The crypts of mice given black mushrooms showed less apoptosis and more cell division than those in control mice, and their white blood cell and platelet counts were restored at 45 days to preradiation levels. The role of melanin in radioprotection was proven by the fact that mice given white mushrooms supplemented with melanin survived at the same rate as mice given black mushrooms. The ability of melanincontaining mushrooms to provide remarkable protection against radiation suggests that they could be developed into oral radioprotectors.

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Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compton Scattering by Internal Shields Based on Melanin-Containing Mushrooms Provides Protection of Gastrointestinal Tract from Ionizing Radiation

Revskaya

Chu

Howell

et al. 2012

Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals

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“…Free radicals produced from intercellular water interact with DNA and proteins, thus inducing inactivation of these macromolecules. It has been demonstrated that ionizing radiation can induce gene expression of intestinal epithelia [10,11] . As genes encode proteins, we can deduce that proteins of intestinal epithelia can be induced by ionizing radiation [12] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differentially expressed proteins of gamma-ray irradiated mouse intestinal epithelial cells by two-dimensional electrophoresis and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry

Zhang

Su²,

Ai³

et al. 2003

WJG

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AIM:To identify the differentially expressed proteins involved in ionizing radiation in mice and to explore new ways for studying radiation-related proteins. METHODS:Bal B/c mice grouped as sham-irradiation, 3 h and 72 h irradiation were exposed to 9.0Gy single dose of γ-irradiation. Intestinal epithelia were isolated from mice, and total proteins were extracted with urea containing solution. A series of methods were used, including twodimensional electrophoresis, PDQuest 2-DE software analysis, peptide mass fingerprinting based on matrixassisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) and SWISS-PROT database searching, to separate and identify the differential proteins. Western blotting and RT-PCR were used to validate the differentially expressed proteins. RESULTS:Mouse intestine was severely damaged by 9.0 Gy γ-irradiation. Image analysis of two-dimensional gels revealed that averages of 638±39, 566±32 and 591±29 protein spots were detected in 3 groups, respectively, and the majority of these protein spots were matched. About 360 protein spots were matched between normal group and 3 h irradiation group, and the correlation coefficient was 0.78 by correlation analysis of gels. Also 312 protein spots matched between normal group and 72 h irradiation group, and 282 protein spots between 3 h and 72 h irradiation groups. Twenty-eight differential protein spots were isolated from gels, digested with trypsin, and measured with MALDI-TOF-MS. A total of 25 spots yielded good spectra, and 19 spots matched known proteins after database searching. These proteins were mainly involved in anti-oxidation, metabolism, signal transduction, and protein post-translational processes. Western-blotting confirmed that enolase was up-regulated by γ-irradiation. Upregulation of peroxiredoxin I was verified by applying RT-PCR technique, but no change occurred in Q8VC72. CONCLUSION:These differentially expressed proteins might play important roles when mouse intestine was severely injured by γ-irradiation. It is suggested that differential proteomic analysis may be a useful tool to study the proteins involved in radiation damage of mouse intestinal epithelia.

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“…The intestine barrier functions are mediated by Iymphoepithelial and Iymphoreticular structures (3). It is known that acute irradiation results in a rapid depletion of lymphoid immune cells and antibacterial IgA due to the high radiosensitivity of the intestine lymphocytes and plasma cells (4,26). The response of the epithelial barrier to irradiation has more complicated character due to the presence of multiple cell phenotypes with variations in proliferating and differentiating activity (15).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…SHS stop buffer contained 50 mM tris-HCI, 1% NP-40, 0.25% Nat-deoxycholate, 150 mM NaCl, I mM EDTA, I mM phenylmethanesulfonyl fluoride, I mM Na 3 V0 4 , I mM NaF, along with aprotinin, leupeptin, and pepstatin (I 0 ug/ml each). SHS wash buffer contained I mM EDTA, I mM phenylmethanesulfonyl fluoride, I mM DTT, I mM Na 3 V 0 4 , I mM NaF, along with aprotinin, leupeptin, and pepstatin ( I0 ug/ml each).…”

Section: Solutionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response of Crypt Paneth Cells in the Small Intestine following Total-Body γ-Irradiation

Gorbunov

Garrison

Kiang

2010

Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol

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equally to the present work Ionizing irradiation causes damage and functional failure of irradiation-sensitive systems and tissues such as small intestine. The molecular mechanisms underlying inflammatory and adaptive responses to acute irradiation damage are poorly understood. Using a mouse model of total-body y-irradiation, we assessed the irradiation response of crypt host-defense Paneth cells by measuring a-defensin 4 (AD4) expression and correlated the gathered data with activation ofthe caspase-l/IL-IP inflammatory signaling cascade. The irradiation injury was produced in CD2Fl mice exposed to 9.25 Gy y-radiation. This dose resulted in 85-100% mortality at the 15 th day post-irradiation. Small intestine tissue samples were collected at the 7 th day post-irradiation. Assessment of irradiation-associated pro-inflammatory alterations in small intestine tissue and expression of AD4 in Paneth cells was conducted using confocal immunofluorescence imaging, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), light microscopy, and immunoblotting techniques. The small intestine analysis revealed an increase in the precursor form of IL-lP, the activated form of IL-lP, and the activated form of caspase-l (pl0 CASP-l) at the 7 th day post-irradiation. Immunoprecipitation analysis showed increased interaction between IL-IP and pl0 CASP-l after irradiation. This effect was observed in the irradiated small intestine and CDl5-positive Paneth cells using confocal imaging techniques. The pro-inflammatory alterations in Paneth cells were accompanied by increases in AD4 mRNA and its 8 kD peptide product. Paneth cell secretory activity was observed at the sites of bacterial translocation in the crypt lumens. These data suggest that Paneth cells can contribute to small intestine inflammatory remodeling during the post-irradiation period.

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Morphological aspects of ionizing radiation response of small intestine

Cited by 97 publications

References 70 publications

Compton Scattering by Internal Shields Based on Melanin-Containing Mushrooms Provides Protection of Gastrointestinal Tract from Ionizing Radiation

Compton Scattering by Internal Shields Based on Melanin-Containing Mushrooms Provides Protection of Gastrointestinal Tract from Ionizing Radiation

Differentially expressed proteins of gamma-ray irradiated mouse intestinal epithelial cells by two-dimensional electrophoresis and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry

Response of Crypt Paneth Cells in the Small Intestine following Total-Body γ-Irradiation

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